Image of youths supporting Grey Wolves movement, published on Rozaneh Magazine. The hand gesture on the picture (wolf head) is commonly used by Grey Wolves

Grey Wolves (Turkish: Bozkurtlar) is the youth organization of the Turkish Nationalist Movement Party ("Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi", MHP)^[1] They are named after Asena, a legendary ancient female wolf that led captive Turks to freedom. Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The Nationalist Movement Party (also translated as 'Nationalist Action Party' (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi MHP) is a Nationalist, Conservative Asena is the name of a female wolf in Turkic mythology. It is associated with a Göktürk ethnogenic myth "full of shamanic symbolism" A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to The grey wolf or gray wolf ( Canis lupus) also known as the timber wolf or simply wolf, is a Mammal of the order Carnivora The Turkish people (Türk Halkı also known as " Turks " ( Türkler) are defined mainly as being speakers of Turkish as a First language Their formal name in Turkish is ülkücüler (idealists) and Ülkücü Hareket (The Idealist Movement), inspired from 19th Century Turkish writer Ziya Gökalp later developed by 20th century writer Nihal Atsız (who was, incidentally, a high school teacher of Alparslan Türkeş) and Italian fascist Giovanni Gentile's "Actual Idealism" theory as a pseudo-philosophical reference. Ziya Gökalp (born Mehmed Ziya; March 23 1876, Diyarbakır — October 25 1924, İstanbul) was a sociologist Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız ( January 12, 1905 in Istanbul &mdash December 11, 1975 in Istanbul) was a Turkish The term Italian Fascism denotes the totalitarian Fascismo political movement that ruled Italy from 1922 until 1943 under leader Benito Mussolini Giovanni Gentile (dʒoˈvɑnni dʒenˈtile May 30, 1875 April 15, 1944) was an Italian neo- Hegelian Idealist Actual Idealism was a form of Idealism developed by Giovanni Gentile that grew into a 'grounded' idealism contrasting the Transcendental Idealism of Ülkü Ocakları (Forges of Ideal), the proper platform of Grey Wolves, denies any "direct" links with MHP and presents itself as an independent youth organisation. Their female supporters are called Asena. Asena is the name of a female wolf in Turkic mythology. It is associated with a Göktürk ethnogenic myth "full of shamanic symbolism" When loudly acclaimed while visiting an İstanbul synagogue in 1992, Alparslan Türkeş referred to the gatherers, with some humor, as the "Grey Wolves of Moses". Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Alparslan Türkeş ( November 25, 1917 in Nicosia, Cyprus &ndash April 5, 1997 in Ankara, Turkey Moses ( Latin: Moyses,; Greek: grc Mωυσής in both the Septuagint and the New Testament; Arabic: ar موسىٰ ^[2] Turkish authorities accused the organization in 1981 of carrying out 694 murders in the years of 1974 to 1980. ^[3] It is considered as a terrorist organization by Martin A. Lee^[4], Khitij Prabha of the Indian Institute for Defense Studies and Analyses (IDSA)^[5] and the Republic of Kazakhstan, where it is officially banned. Martin A Lee is an author and activist who has written books and articles on Far-right movements Terrorism, media issues and drug politics Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan ( Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, qɑzɑqˈstɑn Казахстан, Kazakhstán,) officially the ^[6]

History

Foundation and ideology

The Grey Wolves were founded as the youth organization of the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) created by Alparslan Türkeş in 1969. The Nationalist Movement Party (also translated as 'Nationalist Action Party' (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi MHP) is a Nationalist, Conservative Alparslan Türkeş ( November 25, 1917 in Nicosia, Cyprus &ndash April 5, 1997 in Ankara, Turkey ^[7] A significant pillar of the MHP's ideology is the dream of creating the Turan, the "Great Turkish Empire", including all Turkic peoples mainly in the successor Central Asian countries of the former Soviet Union as well as the Caucasus and the Uygurs' homeland of East Turkestan found in the Xinjiang province of Northwestern China. Tūrān ( is the ancient Iranian name for Central Asia, literally meaning "the land of the Tur" The Turkic peoples are Eurasian peoples residing in northern central and western Eurasia who speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Caucasus ( also referred to as North Caucasus) is a geopolitical region located between Europe Asia & Middle East The Uyghur (also spelled Uygur, Uighur, Uigur, Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر) are a Turkic people of Central Asia. DO NOT ADD THE FLAG OF EAST TURKESTAN TO THIS ARTICLE *** THIS ARTICLE IS ABOUT A GEOGRAPHICAL AREA AND Xinjiang ( Uyghur: شىنجاڭ Shinjang;; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang; Turkish: Sincan, Sincan Uygur Özerk China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The concept of Turan is similar to concepts of Pan-Arab Nationalism spearheaded by Gamal Nasser, which aimed to unite Arab nations. Pan-Arabism is a movement for Unification among the peoples and countries of the Arab World, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Gamal Abdel Nasser (جمال عبد الناصر Gamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir; - January 15 1918 September 28 1970) was the second President However, many Armenians and Greeks link Alparslan Türkeş, the Grey Wolves, and their ideology, to Adolf Hitler and Nazism, comparing them to Pan-Aryan ideologies. The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German The " Aryan race " is a concept in European culture that was influential in the period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries ^[8]

The Grey Wolves also rally around Pan-Turkic Causes including: the economic isolation and territorial integrity of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; the Armenian control of Nagorno-Karabakh and surrounding areas, and the subsequent displacement of Azeri civilians; the suppression of the Iraqi Turkmens in Kerkük and adjacent regions in Northern Iraq by the Kurdistan Regional Government; and the suppression of Uygur culture and Chinese colonization of Eastern Turkestan. Pan-Turkism is a political movement aiming to unite the various Turkic peoples into a modern political State, a Confederation, or an economic union closely The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ( TRNC) (Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti KKTC) commonly called Northern Cyprus (Kuzey Kıbrıs though its Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani For the republic see Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Nagorno-Karabakh is a Region in the South Caucasus. The Azerbaijanis are an Ethnic group mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran. The Iraqi Turkmen (also spelled Turkomen, Turcoman, and Turkman) ( Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri) are a distinct Turkic Kirkuk (also spelled Karkuk or Kerkuk; Kurdish: كه‌ركووك Kerkûk; Arabic: كركوك Turkish:Kerkük; Iraqi Kurdistan Region ( Kurdish: هه رێمى كوردستان Herêmi Kurdistan, Arabic:إقليم كردستان العراق, Iqlĩm Kurdistãn The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG ( Kurdish: حكومه تى هه ريمى كوردستان Hikûmetî Herêmî Kurdistan,) is the official ruling body The Uyghur (also spelled Uygur, Uighur, Uigur, Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر) are a Turkic people of Central Asia. DO NOT ADD THE FLAG OF EAST TURKESTAN TO THIS ARTICLE *** THIS ARTICLE IS ABOUT A GEOGRAPHICAL AREA AND The Grey Wolves are also known to be supporters of Azeri activists that campaign for greater cultural rights in Iran. This article is about Azeris in Iran For Azeris in general see the respective article For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics.

They have also been known to support non-Turkic people whom they consider to have kinship with Turkish people. The Turkish people (Türk Halkı also known as " Turks " ( Türkler) are defined mainly as being speakers of Turkish as a First language It is for this reason that Grey Wolves have supported the Chechen Independence Struggle, the KLA-led Albanian movement in Kosovo, and the Bosniaks' resistance in the Bosnian War. The First Chechen War also known as the War in Chechnya was fought between Russia and Chechnya from 1994 to 1996 and resulted in Chechnya's The Kosovo Liberation Army or KLA ( Albanian: Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës or UÇK) was a Kosovar Albanian guerilla group which sought } Albanians (Shqiptarët are an Ethnic group and a Nation, in the sense of sharing a common Albanian culture speaking the Albanian language The Bosniaks or Bosniacs (Bošnjak pl Bošnjaci bɔ'ʃɲaːt͡si are a South Slavic people living mainly in Bosnia and Herzegovina ("Bosnia" The War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, commonly known as the Bosnian War, was an international armed conflict that took place between March 1992 and November 1995 Members of the Grey Wolves are suspected by Interpol for the murder of Tasos Isaac in Cyprus on 12 March 1996 ^{1[(http://www.btinternet.com/~argyros.argyrou/Update4.htm})]

Role in 1980 military coup

At the time of the military coup of September 12, 1980, led by general Kenan Evren (who was also the leader of Counter-Guerrilla)^[9] there were some 1,700 Grey Wolves organizations, with about 200,000 registered members and a million sympathisers. Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The September 12 1980 Turkish coup d'état, headed by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren, was the third Coup d'etat in the history of Ahmet Kenan Evren (born July 17, 1918) was the seventh President of Turkey; a post he assumed by leading the 1980 military coup. Grey Wolves, also known as Commandos conducted assassinations against left-wing intellectuals and academicians in Turkey. Torturing and killing many left-wing partisans or even sympathisers was also some of their crimes. Grey Wolves, besides assassinations and bombings, also participated in mass massacres against minority members in Çorum and Maraş. However, after being useful for Kenan Evren's strategy of tension, the leader of the Counter-Guerrilla turned president outlawed the MHP and the Grey Wolves. A strategy of tension (strategia della tensione is an alleged way used by world powers to divide manipulate and control Public opinion using Fear, Propaganda Just like Hitler did to SA. Colonel Türkeş and other Grey Wolves were arrested. In its indictment of the MHP in May 1981, the Turkish military government charged 220 members of the MHP and its affiliates for 694 murders, according to Edward Herman and Frank Brodhead in The Rise and Fall of the Bulgarian Connection. Edward S Herman (born 7 April 1925) is an economist and media analyst with a specialty in corporate and regulatory issues as well as political economy and the media ^[10] However, Grey Wolves imprisoned members were offered release if they accepted to fight the Kurdish separatist movement and the PKK,^[11] and ASALA ("Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia"). The Kurdistan Workers' Party (Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan or PKK, also called KADEK, Kongra-Gel, and KGK It is listed as a terrorist The Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia ( ASALA) was a Militant Marxist-Leninist organization that operated from 1975 to 1986 and was

The Grey Wolves then lost many of its core cadres to the neo-liberal Motherland Party or various vestiges of the Islamist movement. Originally coined by its critics and opponents " neoliberalism " is a label referring to the recent reemergence of Economic liberalism or Classical liberalism The Motherland Party of Turkey, ( Turkish: Anavatan Partisi, abbreviated as ANAVATAN and formerly abbreviated as ANAP Islamism ( Islam + ism; Arabic: al-'islāmiyya) a set of ideologies holding that Islam is not only In 1983, the Nationalist Task Party ("Milliyetçi Çalışma Partisi", MÇP) was founded as a successor to the MHP; as of 1992 it is again known as the MHP. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar)

Role in Kurdish affairs

The MHP is strongly opposed to Kurdish separatists, namely the militant PKK, although they nevertheless do have some Kurdish supporters, who are called Bozkürtler or "Grey Kurds". The Kurdistan Workers' Party (Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan or PKK, also called KADEK, Kongra-Gel, and KGK It is listed as a terrorist

The paramilitary wing of the Grey Wolves have been utilized by the Turkish intelligence services to assassinate PKK leaders. ^[7] The fact that Counter-Guerrilla had engaged in torture was confirmed by Talat Turhan, a former Turkish colonel. ^[9]

Activities to date

On a global scale, the Grey Wolves are suspected to have been responsible for numerous political assassinations and disappearances of Turkish and Kurdish human rights activists, and are known to have ties with the Turkish mafia. ^[12] The Grey Wolves have also raised funds for Chechen guerrilla separatists, whom they consider their brothers. The Chechen Republic (ˈʧɛʧɨn rɪˈpʌblɨk Чече́нская Респу́блика Chechenskaya Respublika; Нохчийн Республика Noxçiyn Respublika ^[13]

In 1996 the Grey Wolves were brought in great numbers to resist a peaceful protest against the occupation of Cyprus by Greek Cypriot members of the Cypriot Motorcycle association. As a result, the violent beating perpetuated by members of the group Tasos Isaac was brutally murdered. The activities were captured [(http://www.hri.org/news/cyprus/cna/1996/96-08-12.cna.html)]

In 2004, the Grey Wolves successfully prevented the screening of Atom Egoyan's Ararat in Turkey, a film about the Armenian Genocide. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Atom Egoyan OC (Ատոմ Էգոյան (born July 19, 1960) is a critically acclaimed Canadian - Armenian film maker Ararat is a 2002 film directed written and co-produced by Atom Egoyan about the Armenian Genocide, an event that is denied by the ^{[14][15][16][17]}

Since 2004 Grey Wolves and Islamist Nizam-ı Alem members waged a war against Christianity in Turkey. Turkish-Armenian journalist Hrant Dink was also assassinated by a Grey Wolf Symphatisant(Ogün Samast) at Istanbul in 2007. [[1]] Another Young Grey Wolf assassinated Father Andrea Santoro; a Catholic Priest; at Trabzon in 2006. [[2]] A group of Grey Wolves conducted an inhuman torture and killing party; against Bible publishing firm members in Malatya, tortureing and killing 3 innocent people. [[3]]

Links to intelligence and organised crime

Numerous sources show that the MHP and the Grey Wolves had ties to the Turkish mafia, to the Turkish intelligence services as well as to the CIA and other intelligence agencies. The Mafia (also known as Cosa Nostra) is a Sicilian Criminal Secret society which is believed to have first developed in the mid-19th century near as long as it used to be several months ago It has been actively summarized and split into sub-articles and there is a dynamic talk page discussion of all Emin Değer, former military public attorney and member of the Turkish Supreme Court, has established that the Grey Wolves' collaborated with the counter-insurgency governmental forces, as well as the close ties between these state security forces and the CIA^[18][19][20] Indeed, Martin A. Lee also wrote that the para-military wing of the Grey Wolves were covertly supported by the CIA, which worked with the Gladio network,^[7] while a December 5, 1990 article by the Swiss Neue Zürcher Zeitung stated that the Counter-Guerrilla had their headquarters in the building of the US DIA military secret service. A supreme court, also called a court of last resort or high court, is in some Jurisdictions the highest judicial body within that jurisdiction's See also Insurgency In the context of an occupation or a Civil war, counter-insurgency (abbreviated COIN is a military term for the combat Martin A Lee is an author and activist who has written books and articles on Far-right movements Terrorism, media issues and drug politics Gladio ( Italian, from Latin Gladius, meaning Sword) is a code name denoting the clandestine NATO " Stay-behind The Neue Zürcher Zeitung ( NZZ) is a major German language Swiss daily newspaper based in Zürich. ^[21] Le Monde diplomatique wrote that "the CIA used proponents of the Greater Turkey to stir up anti-sovietic passions at the heart of Turkish Muslim minorities in the Soviet Union". Le Monde diplomatique (nicknamed "Le Diplo" by its French readers is a monthly publication offering analysis and opinion on politics culture and current affairs The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 ^[18] Thus, in 1992, colonel Türkes went to newly-independent Azerbaijan, where he was acclaimed as a hero. Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South He supported Grey Wolves sympathiser Abülfaz Elçibay's candidacy to the presidency. Abülfaz Elçibay, (Əbülfəz Elçibəy June 24, 1938, Nakhchivan – August 22, 2000, Ankara) was an Azerbaijani Once elected, Elçibay chose as ministry of Interior İsgandar Hamidov, a member of the Grey Wolves who plead for the creation of a Greater Turkey which would include northern Iran and extend itself to Siberia, India and China. İsgəndər Məcid oğlu Həmidov (also transliterated as Iskender Majid oglu Hamidov or Iskander Medjid oglu Hamidov) (born April 10, 1948 in For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Hamidov resigned in April 1993 after having threatened Armenia with a nuclear strike. Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani ^[18]

According to Daniele Ganser, a researcher at the ETH Zürich University, the founder of the Grey Wolves, Alparslan Türkeş was a member of Counter-Guerrilla, the Turkish branch of Gladio, a stay-behind NATO anticommunist paramilitary organization which was supposed to prepare networks for guerrilla warfare in case of a Soviet invasion. Alparslan Türkeş ( November 25, 1917 in Nicosia, Cyprus &ndash April 5, 1997 in Ankara, Turkey Gladio ( Italian, from Latin Gladius, meaning Sword) is a code name denoting the clandestine NATO " Stay-behind Gladio ( Italian, from Latin Gladius, meaning Sword) is a code name denoting the clandestine NATO " Stay-behind In a stay-behind operation a country places secret operatives or organisations in its own territory for use in the event that the territory is overrun by an enemy The North Atlantic Treaty Anti-communism refers to opposition to Communism. Historically the word "communism" has been used to refer to several types of communal social organization and Guerrilla warfare is the unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes raids etc A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. ^[9] Le Monde diplomatique confirms that the Grey Wolves were infiltrated and manipulated by Gladio, and that important Grey Wolves member Abdullah Çatlı had worked with Gladio. Le Monde diplomatique (nicknamed "Le Diplo" by its French readers is a monthly publication offering analysis and opinion on politics culture and current affairs Abdullah Çatlı (1956— November 3, 1996) was a Turkish Ultra-nationalist activist of the " Grey Wolves " a movement of the According to the same article, Abdullah Çatlı met with Italian international terrorist Stefano Delle Chiaie, who, apart of taking part in Italy' strategy of tension, also maintained links with Pinochet's DINA and participated in the Argentinian dirty war. Stefano Delle Chiaie (born 13 September 1936 in Caserta) is a Neofascist Italian activist (founder of ''Avanguardia Nazionale'' and Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (November Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional ( English: National Intelligence Directorate) or DINA was the Chilean Secret police in the government This article refers to the Argentine Dirty War for the British film of the same name see Dirty War (film. ^[22] However, in Italy, Greece, and Turkey, Gladio supported a strategy of tension (strategia della tensione in Italian) which used false flags terrorist attacks in order to discredit the communist movement. After World War II and the overthrow of Mussolini's fascist regime, Italy's history was dominated by the Democrazia Cristiana (DC - Christian-Democrats The History of Greece traditionally encompasses the study of the Greek people, the areas they ruled historically and the territory now composing the modern state of A strategy of tension (strategia della tensione is an alleged way used by world powers to divide manipulate and control Public opinion using Fear, Propaganda ^[23][24]

Grey Wolves outside of Turkey

Republic of Azerbaijan

Alparslan Türkeş visited Azerbaijan in 1992, was greeted as a hero, and rallied Azeris and the Grey Wolves have many supporters within the Azeri government ^[4]. Alparslan Türkeş ( November 25, 1917 in Nicosia, Cyprus &ndash April 5, 1997 in Ankara, Turkey Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South The Azerbaijanis are an Ethnic group mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran. During the 1992-1993 Popular Front government in Azerbaijan, a member of Grey Wolves' ("Bozqurt") Party, Isgandar Hamidov, served as the Minister of Interior and president Abulfaz Elcibey himself was a Grey Wolf sympathizer. The Azerbaijan Popular Front Party ( Azərbaycan Xalq Cəbhəsi Partiyası) is the main opposition Political party in Azerbaijan, founded in 1992 by İsgəndər Məcid oğlu Həmidov (also transliterated as Iskender Majid oglu Hamidov or Iskander Medjid oglu Hamidov) (born April 10, 1948 in Abülfaz Elçibay, (Əbülfəz Elçibəy June 24, 1938, Nakhchivan – August 22, 2000, Ankara) was an Azerbaijani ^[4] The Grey Wolves are believed to have provided support to Azeri forces fighting Armenians during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large For the republic see Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Nagorno-Karabakh is a Region in the South Caucasus. The Grey Wolves Party still functions in Azerbaijan, although its name has been changed to the Azerbaijan National Democrat Party. The Azerbaijan National Democrat Party, formerly known as the Grey Wolves Party, is a political party in Azerbaijan ^[25][26]

Cyprus

The Grey Wolves went to Cyprus to support Turkish Cypriot protesters in 1996. The Grey Wolves were involved in attacks on Greek Cypriot properties and Greek Cypriot activists [4].

Europe

Italy

According to investigative reporter Lucy Komisar, the 1981 attempt on Pope John Paul II's life by Grey Wolves member Mehmet Ali Ağca may have been related to Gladio. Lucy Komisar is a New York City -based Investigative journalist. Pope Mehmet Ali Ağca (born January 9, 1958) is a Turkish Assassin, who shot and wounded Pope John Paul II on May 13, Gladio ( Italian, from Latin Gladius, meaning Sword) is a code name denoting the clandestine NATO " Stay-behind Ali Ağca would in this case have been manipulated by NATO's clandestine structure, in an attempt to fuel again Italy's strategy of tension, which last big event was the 1980 Bologna massacre. The Bologna massacre (Strage di Bologna was a terrorist bombing at the Central Station of Bologna, Italy on the morning of August Komissar underlines the fact that Ali Ağca had worked with Abdullah Çatlı in the January 1, 1979 murder of Abdi İpekçi, the editor of left-wing newspaper Milliyet. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Abdi İpekçi ( August 9, 1929 – February 1, 1979) was a Turkish Journalist, Intellectual and an activist for Milliyet ( Turkish for " nationality " is a major Turkish Daily newspaper founded in 1950. "Çatlı then reportedly helped organize Ağca's escape from an Istanbul military prison, and some have suggested Catli was even involved in the Pope's assassination attempt" reports Lucy Komisar, adding that at the scene of the Mercedes-Benz crash where Çatlı died, he was found with a passport under the name of "Mehmet Özbay" - an alias also used by Mehmet Ali Ağca. ^[27]

Western Europe

The Grey Wolves in western Europe today were originally sent there at the end of the 1970s and the early 1980s to infiltrate Turkish immigrant workers. Their task was to combat Turkish left-wingers who had left Turkey because of harsh state repression but, later also focused on Kurds. As a result, the Grey Wolves stepped up their activities in the Netherlands by founding the TFN, Turkish Federation of Holland, in 1995. The latter now has around 56 local units and an estimated membership of 30,000. The Grey Wolves in Europe are responsible for many killings and attacks. ^[28]

Armenian Genocide

They have also held rallies in other countries demonstrating against recognition of the Armenian Genocide, which occurred under Turkish Nationalists in the late Ottoman Empire, beginning on April 24, 1915. The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish ^[29]

Some significant slogans

• Tanrı Türk'ü Korusun ve Yüceltsin! (God save and sublime the Turk!)
• Ülkücü Hareket Engellenemez! (The idealist movement can't be hampered!)
• Alparslan Türkeş'in askerleriyiz! (We are the soldiers of Alparslan Türkeş!)
• Dökülen kan, alınan can bizim / Yıkılsın liberal kapitalizm! (The blood spilled and the lives taken are ours / May liberal capitalism collapse!)
• Çakal çakaldır, bozkurt olamaz ki! (Jackal is a jackal, and can never be a greywolf. )
• Her Türk asker doğar! (Every Turk is born as a soldier. )
• Ulutürk! (The noble Turk!)
• Kurtköy Ovası, ülkücüler yuvası! (Plain of Wolfsville, land of the greywolves!)
• Allah için savaşa (Rally To Fight for Allah) (Which as written on the walls of Alawite minority members, massacred by Gre Wolves in Çorum and Kahramanmaraş in 1979 and 1980)

See also

• Great Union Party
• Pan Turkism
• Turanism
• Turkish Nationalism

References

External links

• Nationalist Movement Party
• Istanbul: Gateway to a holy war - CNN
• Grey Wolves profile
• Turkey takes nationalist turn - Christian Science Monitor
• (Turkish) Bozkurt Destani, from the official site of Ülkü Ocakları (Forges of Ideal)
• Turkey’s pivotal role in the international drug trade - Le Monde diplomatique (about links between Abdullah Çatlı and Gladio "stay-behind" networks)
• Turkish Dirty War Revealed, but Papal Shooting Still Obscured
• MUDANYA ÜLKÜ OCAKLARI