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Greifswald
Town Hall (red) and Cathedral
Town Hall (red) and Cathedral
Coat of arms Location
Coat of arms of Greifswald
Greifswald (Germany)
Greifswald
Administration
Country Flag of Germany Germany
State Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
District Urban district
Town subdivisions 16 boroughs
Lord Mayor Dr. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition Arthur König (CDU)
Basic statistics
Area 50. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 50 km² (19. 5 sq mi)
Elevation 5 m  (16 ft)
Population  53,434  (31/12/2006)[1]
 - Density 1,058 /km² (2,740 /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Licence plate HGW
Postal codes 17489-17493
Area code 03834
Website www.greifswald.de

Coordinates: 54°5′0″N 13°23′0″E / 54.08333, 13.38333

Greifswald (from German Greif, "griffin", and Wald, "forest") is a town in northeastern Germany. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The town is situated approximately 200 km to the north of Berlin in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, borders the Baltic Sea and is crossed by a small river called Ryck. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The population is roughly 55,000, including about 11,500 students and some 5,000 employees of the University of Greifswald. The University of Greifswald (full name Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald is located in Greifswald,

The city is officially known as Universitäts- und Hansestadt Greifswald, which means University and Hanseatic Town of Greifswald. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade

Contents

Geography

Ryck river
Ryck river

Greifswald is located near the Bay of Greifswald, which is the part of the Baltic Sea between the islands of Rügen and Usedom, in north German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Bay of Greifswald (Greifswalder Bodden is a basin in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Germany in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Rügen (ˈʁyːgən or Rugia is Germany 's largest Island. It is located in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Usedom (Usedom, Uznam) is a Baltic Sea island on the border between Germany and Poland. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising

The small river Ryck passes through the old town which is about 5 km away from the Dänische Wieck ("Danish Bay", on the Southern end of the Bay of Greifswald). Bay of Greifswald (Greifswalder Bodden is a basin in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Germany in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The small nearby islands of Koos and Riems also are administered by the City of Greifswald. The area is fairly plain, the highest point reaching only as high as 36 metres.

The seaside part of Greifswald at the mouth of the Ryck river, named Greifswald-Wieck, evolved from a fishing village and today provides a small beach, a marina and the main port of Greifswald.

History

Greifswald Cathedral
Greifswald Cathedral
Ruins of Eldena monastery (founded in 1199)
Ruins of Eldena monastery (founded in 1199)

In medieval times, the Greifswald site was an unsettled woodland which marked the border between the Danish duchy of Rügen and the Pomeranian duchy of Gützkow, which at that time was also under Danish control. The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Rügen (ˈʁyːgən or Rugia is Germany 's largest Island. It is located in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The history of settlement in the Pomeranian region goes back some 10000 years when after the Ice Age Megalith cultures in the Bronze Age Germanic Gützkow is a town in the Ostvorpommern district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. In 1199, Rugian duke Jaromar I allowed Danish Cistercian monks to build Hilda (now Eldena) abbey at the mouth of the Ryck River. prince Jaromar or Jaromir was Prince of Rügen ( Principality of Rugia) between 1170 and 1218 Among the lands granted to the monks by Jaromar I, there was a saline a short way up the river, a site also crossed by the important via regia trade route. This site was named Gryp(he)swold(e), which is the Low German precursor of the city's modern name. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts A legend tells that the monks were shown the best site for the settlement by a mighty griffin, living in a tree that was supposed to have grown in Greifswald's oldest street Schuhagen. The griffin is a Legendary creature with the body of a Lion and the head and often wings of an Eagle. The town's erection followed a scheme of rectangular streets, with church and market sites reserved in central positions. It was settled primarily with Germans in the course of the Ostsiedlung, but settlers from other nations and Wends from nearby were attracted, too. This article covers the medieval eastward migrations of Germans

The salt trade helped Eldena abbey to grow to a monumental religious centre and Greifswald to become a known market. Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants When the Danes had to surrender the Pomeranian lands south of the Ryck River after the 1227 Bornhöved battle, the town became of particular interest to Pomeranian dukes. In 1241, Rugian duke Wizlaw I and Pomeranian duke Wartislaw III both granted her market rights. Wartislaw III (* ~ 1210 † 17 May 1264) was a Griffin duke of Pomerania-Demmin. In 1250, the latter granted Lübeck law to her, after he was admitted to take the town site as a fief from Eldena abbey in 1248. The Lübeck law was the constitution of a municipal form of government developed at Lübeck in Schleswig-Holstein after it was made a free city in 1226 Gützkow's Jazco of Salzwedel had a Franciscan abbey founded within Greifswald's walls; Eldena lost much of her influence on the city's further fate. The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic Just beyond Greifswald's western limits, a town-like suburb (Neustadt) arose, just separated from Greifswald by a ditch. In 1264, Neustadt was incorporated and the ditch was filled up.

Eldena abbey as well as Greifswald's major buildings were erected in Brick Gothic style. Brick Gothic (Backsteingotik is a reduced style of Gothic architecture common in Northern Europe, especially in Northern Germany and the regions around

Enjoying a steady increase in population, Greifswald also became one of the earliest members of the Hanseatic League at the end of the 13th century, which further increased trade and wealth. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade After 1296, Greifswald's citizens did not need to serve in the Pomeranian army, and Pomeranian dukes would not reside in the city.

In 1456, Greifswald's mayor Heinrich Rubenow laid the foundations of one of the oldest universities in the world, the University of Greifswald, which was one of the first in Germany, and was, periodically, the single oldest in Sweden and Prussia respectively. This is a list of the oldest extant universities in the world. The University of Greifswald (full name Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald is located in Greifswald, "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state

the lively market square (Marktplatz)
the lively market square (Marktplatz)

In the course of Reformation, Eldena abbey ceased to function as a monastery. The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in Europe that began in 1517 though its roots lie further back in time Her possessions fell to the Pomeranian dukes, the bricks of her Gothic buildings were used by locals as a quarry. Eldena lost its status and later became enclosed by Greifswald's city limits. Also, the monasteries within the town walls, the "Black abbey" of the Dominican Order in the Northwest and the "Grey abbey" of the Franciscan order in the Southeast, were secularized. The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is The Black abbey was turned over to the university, the site is still used as part of her medical campus. The Grey abbey and its succeeding buildings now are the Pomeranian State Museum.

As a result of the Thirty Years' War Greifswald became part of the Kingdom of Sweden in 1631 and remained in Swedish Pomerania until 1815, when it became part of Prussia's Province of Pomerania. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Swedish Pomerania (Svenska Pommern Schwedisch-Pommern was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from the 17th to the 19th century situated on what is now the Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state For the present-day Polish provinces see Pomeranian Voivodeship and West Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Around the 1900s, the city for the first time since the Middle Ages expanded significantly beyond the old city walls. Also, a major railway connected Greifswald to Stralsund and Berlin, a local railway further connected Greifswald to Wolgast. Stralsund (ˈʃtʁaːlzʊnt is a city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, situated at the southern Coast of the Strelasund (a sound Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.

The city survived World War II without much destruction although it housed a larger army garrison. In April 1945, Oberst Rudolf Petershagen surrendered the city to the Red Army without combat. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar From 1949 to 1989, Greifswald was part of the German Democratic Republic. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state During this time, most historical buildings in the city's medieval parts where neglected and a number of buildings were torn down. The population rose significantly, because of the construction of a power plant in Lubmin, which was closed down in the early 1990s. Lubmin (lʊpˈmiːn is a coastal Resort in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. New suburbs were erected in uniform, industrial socialist style (see Plattenbau), that until now house most of the city's population. Plattenbau (plural Plattenbauten is the German word for a building whose structure is constructed of large prefabricated Concrete slabs The word These new suburbs were all placed east and southeast of downtown Greifswald, shifting the former town center to the northwest edge of the today's city.

historic buildings
historic buildings

Reconstruction of the old town began in the late 1980s and at present nearly all of it has been restored. However, in the 1980s almost all of the old northern town adjactend to the former port was torn down and thereafter build up completely new. The historic marketplace is especially worth mentioning which is considered one of the most beautiful in northern Germany. The city attracts many tourists, also due to its proximity to the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude.

The highest number of inhabitants was reached in 1988 with about 68,000 inhabitants, but the population decreased to roughly 55,000 where it has now stabilised. The reasons included migration to western states as well as suburbanisation. Suburbanization (or suburbanisation) is a term used to describe the process of population movement from within towns and cities to the rural-urban fringe However, the number of students quadrupled from 3,000 in 1990 to more than 11,000 in 2007 and the university employs 5,000 people - so that nearly one in three people is linked to higher education.

one of the courts
one of the courts

Despite its rather small population, Greifswald retains a certain supraregional relevance which can be linked to its intellectual role as a university town and to the take-over of central functions of the former Prussian Province of Pomerania after World War II, for instance the Bishop's see of the Pomeranian Protestant Church, the state archives (Landesarchiv) and the Pomeranian Museum (Pommersches Landesmuseum). For the present-day Polish provinces see Pomeranian Voivodeship and West Pomeranian Voivodeship. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight Three courts of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern are also based at Greifswald:

Economy

old town
old town

Greifswald and Stralsund are the largest cities in the Vorpommern part of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising Stralsund (ˈʃtʁaːlzʊnt is a city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, situated at the southern Coast of the Strelasund (a sound Western Pomerania is a translation of "Vorpommern" (also "Hither Pomerania" both redirect here Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, sometimes translated as Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania or Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, is a state in Northern Germany comprising Of great importance to the city's economy is the local university with its 11,000 students and nearly 5,000 employees in addition to many people employed at research facilities. The University of Greifswald (full name Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald is located in Greifswald, Greifswald is also the seat of the bishop of the Pomeranian Evangelical Church as well as the seat of the state's constitutional and financial court. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight

Tourism plays a vital role as Greifswald is situated between the islands of Rügen and Usedom at the popular German Baltic coast, which brings in many tourists. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Rügen (ˈʁyːgən or Rugia is Germany 's largest Island. It is located in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Usedom (Usedom, Uznam) is a Baltic Sea island on the border between Germany and Poland. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude.

Maritime industry and the energy sector are rapidly growing. The fifth largest producer of yachts worldwide, Hanse Yachts, is based in Greifswald as well as Solon AG fuer Solartechnik which produces solar panels. A yacht is a recreational boat It designates two rather different classes of Watercraft, sailing and power yachts In the field of Photovoltaics, a photovoltaic module is a packaged interconnected assembly of photovoltaic cells also known as Solar cells An installation of In the engery sector, a transnational gas pipeline from Russia to Germany will stop in Lubmin near Greifswald and Danish company DONG Energy intends to build a power station there. DONG Energy is Denmark 's leading Energy company History The Danish state company Dansk Naturgas A/S was founded in 1972 to manage resources Riemser Arzeimittel is a pharmaceutical company based on the isle of Riems, which is part of the city of Greifswald. Siemens Communications F & E produces here as well.

In a recent survey [2], Greifswald was declared Germany's most dynamic city. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

Politics

Wieck (the seaside part of the town)
Wieck (the seaside part of the town)
Painting by Caspar David Friedrich
Painting by Caspar David Friedrich

Politics is traditionally, as in most of Pomerania, dominated by the conservative CDU. Caspar David Friedrich ( September 5, 1774 &ndash May 7, 1840) was a landscape painter of the nineteenth-century German Romantic The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany.

City Council

The city council is elected for five year terms. Since the last election on 13 June 2004, the 42 city council seats are allocated as follows:

Twinning

Education

University

University of Greifswald
University of Greifswald

Founded in 1456, the University of Greifswald is one of the oldest universities in both Germany and Europe. The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. The Left (Die Linke is a German political party that came into being on 16 June 2007 as a merger of The Left Party/PDS the former The Alliance '90/The Greens ( Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) the German Green party, is a Political party in Germany whose regional The Free Democratic Party ( Freie Demokratische Partei, FDP is a liberal Political party in Germany. Kotkan kaupunki Goleniów (Gòlnowò Gollnow is a town in Pomerania, northwestern Poland with 22399 inhabitants (2004 Osnabrück (ɔsnaˈbʁʏk is a City in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 80 km NNE of Dortmund, 45 km NE of Münster, and some 100 km due (lɵnd is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town has 76188 inhabitants out of a muncipal total of 105000 is a town and municipality in the county of Hedmark, Norway. Hamar was separated from Vang as a city and municipality of its own in Newport News is an Independent city in Virginia. It is at the south-western end of the Virginia Peninsula, on the north shore of the James River Angers is a city in the Maine-et-Loire department in northwestern France about 300 km south-west of Paris. College Station is a city in Brazos County, Texas, situated in Central Texas. The University of Greifswald (full name Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald is located in Greifswald, The University of Greifswald (full name Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald is located in Greifswald, This is a list of the oldest extant universities in the world. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Currently, about 11,000 students study at with five faculties: theology, law/economics, medicine, philosophy, and mathematics/natural sciences. Theology is the study of a god or the gods from a religious perspective Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and

The university co-operates with many research facilities, such as:

Secondary Schools

Cultural events

Museumshafen
Museumshafen

Compared to the size of the city, Greifswald there is a wide range of events, for instance:

Infrastructure

Greifswald has a port to the Baltic Sea, a train connection to Hamburg (via Stralsund and Rostock), Germany's capital city Berlin as well as the islands of Usedom and Rügen. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Hamburg (English, German: ˈhambʊɐk local pronunciation Low German / Low Saxon: Hamborg) is the second-largest city in Germany Stralsund (ˈʃtʁaːlzʊnt is a city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, situated at the southern Coast of the Strelasund (a sound Rostock (ˈʁɔstɔk from Polabian Roz toc, literally "to flow apart" is the largest City in the north German state Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Usedom (Usedom, Uznam) is a Baltic Sea island on the border between Germany and Poland. Rügen (ˈʁyːgən or Rugia is Germany 's largest Island. It is located in the Baltic Sea off the coast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

By car, it can be reached by Autobahn 20 and Bundesstraße 105 and 109. (German ˈaʊtoːbaːn plural Autobahnen; English /ˈɔːtəʊbɑːn/ is the German word for a major high- Speed Road restricted to motor Bundesstraßen are German and Austrian federal highways The main distinguishing characteristic between German Bundesstraßen and the world-famous

Notable people from Greifswald

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ Population source
  2. ^ Siehe Handelsblatt: http://www.handelsblatt.com/news/Default.aspx?_p=302919&_t=ft&_b=1245899
Caspar David Friedrich ( September 5, 1774 &ndash May 7, 1840) was a landscape painter of the nineteenth-century German Romantic Hans Fallada ( July 21, 1893 - February 5, 1947) born Rudolf Wilhelm Adolf Ditzen in Berlin, was one of the most famous German Josef Sommer (born 26 June 1934) is a German -born American Film actor. Toni Kroos (born January 4, 1990 in Greifswald) is a German footballer who plays for Bayern Munich. FC Bayern München is a German Sports club based in Munich, Bavaria (München Bayern This List of people associated with the University of Greifswald contains notable alumni and faculty past and present of an institution of higher education founded as early Western Pomerania is a translation of "Vorpommern" (also "Hither Pomerania" both redirect here Swedish Pomerania (Svenska Pommern Schwedisch-Pommern was a Dominion under the Swedish Crown from the 17th to the 19th century situated on what is now the
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