Greeks in Turkey - Citizendia

Greeks in Turkey (Turkish: Rumlar) are Greek-speaking Eastern Orthodox Christians who mostly live in Istanbul and on the two islands of the western entrance to the Dardanelles: Imbros and Tenedos (Turkish: Gökçeada and Bozcaada) and also on the Princes' Islands. The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Istanbul (historically Byzantium and later Constantinople; see the other Names of Istanbul) is the largest city of Turkey See also [[Hellespont]] The Dardanelles ( Turkish: Çanakkale Boğazı Greek: Δαρδανέλλια Dardanellia) formerly Imbros, officially referred to as Gökçeada in Turkey (older name in Turkish İmroz; Greek: Ίμβρος – Imvros) is the largest island For the ant spider genus see Tenedos (genus. For the 19th century fort in Zululand, see Fort Tenedos Tenedos, officially Turkish ( tr Türkçe IPA) is a language spoken by over 63 million people worldwide making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. The Princes' Islands ( Turkish: Prens Adaları Islands or more commonly Kizil Adalar Islands as they are officially named classical Greek: They are the remnants of the estimated 200,000 Greeks who were permitted under the provisions of the Treaty of Lausanne to remain in Turkey following the 1923 population exchange, which involved the forcible resettlement of approximately 1. The Treaty of Lausanne ( July 24, 1923) was a Peace treaty signed in Lausanne that settled the Anatolian part of the Partitioning The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey is the first large-scale population exchange, or agreed mutual expulsion in the 20th century 5 million Greeks from Anatolia and East Thrace and of half a million Turks from all of Greece except for Western Thrace. Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black East Thrace, or Eastern Thrace (Източна Тракия Iztochna Trakiya; Ανατολική Θράκη or Turkish Thrace, is the part of the modern The Turkish people (Türk Halkı also known as " Turks " ( Türkler) are defined mainly as being speakers of Turkish as a First language Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Area - Demographics The approximate area of Thrace is 8578 km² with a population of 368993 (2006 est After years of persecution (e. g. the Istanbul Pogrom), in 1995, fewer than 10,000 Greeks still lived in Turkey,^[1] and the Greek Orthodox population in Istanbul, as of 2006, is estimated at just around 5,000. The Istanbul Pogrom (also known as Istanbul Riots; Σεπτεμβριανά (Events of September 6–7 Eylül Olayları (Events of September 6–7 was a Pogrom Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[2]

Since 1924, the status of the Greek minority in Turkey has been ambiguous. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Beginning in the 1930s, the government instituted repressive policies forcing many Greeks to emigrate. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. Examples are the labour battalions drafted among non-Muslims during World War II as well as the Fortune Tax (Varlık Vergisi) levied mostly on non-Muslims during the same period. A labour battalion (Turkish Amele Taburu, Greek: Τάγμα Εργασίας Tagma Ergasias) was a form of Unfree labor in late Ottoman World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Varlık Vergisi (literally Wealth tax or Capital tax) was a Turkish tax levied on the wealthy citizens of Turkey in 1942 with the purpose to raise funds These resulted in financial ruination and death for many Greeks. The exodus was given greater impetus with the Istanbul Pogrom of September 1955 which led to thousands of Greeks fleeing the city, eventually reducing the Greek population to about 48,000 by 1965 and to about 5,000 by 2006. The Istanbul Pogrom (also known as Istanbul Riots; Σεπτεμβριανά (Events of September 6–7 Eylül Olayları (Events of September 6–7 was a Pogrom Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

References

^ Library of Congress Country Study for Turkey. Antiochian Greeks are the members of the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch who have resided in the territory of contemporary Turkish province of Hatay. Cappadocian, also known as Cappadocian Greek or Asia Minor Greek is a dialect of the Greek language, formerly spoken in Cappadocia (Central Turkey As of 2007 the population of Turkey stood at 705 million The Turkish population is relatively young with 25 "Patriarch of Constantinople" redirects here For the institutional church itself see Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. History Early history Christianity in Byzantium existed from the time of the Twelve Apostles, but it was in the year 330 that the Roman Emperor Fener, Fanar or Phanar ( Greek Φανάρι) is a neighborhood midway up the Golden Horn, within the borough of Fatih in The Greek Byzantine Catholic Church is a Sui iuris Particular Church within the Catholic Church and uses the Byzantine liturgical rite Greek Muslims, also known as Greek-speaking Muslims, are Muslims of Greek ethnic origin and are found primarily in Turkey, Cyprus The Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, also known as the Eastern Orthodox Church of Antioch and All the East, the Antiochian Orthodox Church, the Orthodox Patriarchate The Halki seminary was established on Oct 1, 1844 in Halki (Heybeliada the second largest of the Princes' Islands in the Sea of Marmara Human rights in Turkey are protected by a variety of International law treaties which takes precedence over domestic legislation, according to the 1982 Constitution The Istanbul Pogrom (also known as Istanbul Riots; Σεπτεμβριανά (Events of September 6–7 Eylül Olayları (Events of September 6–7 was a Pogrom As of 2007 the population of Turkey stood at 705 million The Turkish population is relatively young with 25 Phanar Greek Orthodox College ( Turkish: Fener Rum Erkek Lisesi, Greek Μεγάλη του Γένους Σχολή (Great School of the Nation During World War I and its aftermath (1914-1923 the The term Pontic Greeks, Pontian Greeks, Pontians or Greeks of Pontus (Πόντιοι Ποντιακός Ελληνισμός or gr Έλληνες Pontic Greek is a form of the Greek language originally spoken in the Pontus area on the southern shores of the Black Sea, and today mainly in Greece The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey is the first large-scale population exchange, or agreed mutual expulsion in the 20th century Topal Osman Agha (1883 Giresun &ndash April 1, 1923) was a colonel of the late Ottoman Empire and early Republic of Turkey The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress ( USA) freely available for use by researchers
^ According to figures presented by Prof. Vyron Kotzamanis to a conference of unions and federations representing the ethnic Greeks of Istanbul. "Ethnic Greeks of Istanbul convene", Athens News Agency, 2 July 2006.

See also

References

External links