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The Graphics Device Interface (GDI) is one of the three core components or "subsystems", together with the kernel and the Windows API for the user interface, of Microsoft Windows. In Computer science, the kernel is the central component of most computer Operating systems (OS Like most modern operating systems Microsoft Windows supports Shared libraries, collections of code which can be used by multiple processes while only being loaded once Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer

GDI is a Microsoft Windows interface for representing graphical objects and transmitting them to output devices such as monitors and printers. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. An output device is any piece of Computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of Data processing carried out by an Information processing system A visual display unit, often called simply a monitor or display, is a piece of Electrical equipment which displays images generated from the Video

GDI is responsible for tasks such as drawing lines and curves, rendering fonts and handling palettes. In Typography, a typeface is a set of one or more Fonts designed with stylistic unity each comprising a coordinated set of Glyphs A typeface usually comprises In Computer graphics, a palette is either a given finite set of Colors for the management of Digital images (that is a color palette) or It is not directly responsible for drawing windows, menus, etc. ; that task is reserved for the user subsystem, which resides in user32.dll and is built atop GDI. Like most modern operating systems Microsoft Windows supports Shared libraries, collections of code which can be used by multiple processes while only being loaded once GDI is similar to Apple's classic QuickDraw. Quickdraw also refers to equipment used for Rock climbing. QuickDraw is the 2D graphics library and associated

Perhaps the most significant capability of GDI over more direct methods of accessing the hardware is its scaling capabilities, and abstraction of target devices. Using GDI, it is very easy to draw on multiple devices, such as a screen and a printer, and expect proper reproduction in each case. This capability is at the centre of all WYSIWYG applications for Microsoft Windows. WYSIWYG (ˈwɪziwɪg or /ˈwɪzɪwɪg/ is an Acronym for W hat Y ou S ee I s W hat Y ou G

Simple games which do not require fast graphics rendering use GDI. However, GDI cannot animate properly (no notion of synchronizing with the framebuffer) and lacks rasterization for 3D. Rasterization or Rasterisation is the task of taking an image described in a Vector graphics format (shapes and converting it into a Raster image ( Modern games tend to use DirectX or OpenGL, which give programmers the capabilities to use features of modern hardware. Microsoft DirectX is a collection of Application programming interfaces (APIs for handling tasks related to Multimedia, especially Game programming and OpenGL ( Open G raphics L ibrary is a standard specification defining a cross-language Cross-platform API for writing applications that produce

Contents

Technical details

A Device Context (DC) is used to define the attributes of text and images that are output to the screen or printer. The actual context is maintained by GDI. A DC, which is a handle to the structure, is obtained before output is written and released after the elements have been written.

A DC, like most GDI objects, is opaque, meaning that you can't access its data directly, but you can pass it to various GDI functions that will operate on it, either to draw something, to get information about it, or to change the object in some way.

GDI+

With the introduction of Windows XP, GDI was deprecated in favor of its successor, the C++ based GDI+ subsystem. Windows XP is a family of 32-bit and 64-bit Operating systems produced by Microsoft for use on Personal computers including home and In Computer software standards and documentation the term deprecation is applied to Software features that are superseded and should be avoided GDI+ is an improved 2D graphics environment, adding advanced features such as anti-aliased 2D graphics, floating point coordinates, gradient shading, more complex path management, intrinsic support for modern graphics-file formats like JPEG and PNG (which were conspicuously absent in GDI), and general support for composition of affine transformations in the 2D view pipeline. Portable Network Graphics ( PNG) is a bitmapped image format that employs Lossless data compression. In Geometry, an affine transformation or affine map or an affinity (from the Latin affinis, "connected with" between two Vector GDI+ uses ARGB values to represent color. RGBA stands for R ed G reen B lue A lpha While it is sometimes described as a color space it is actually simply a use of the RGB color model with Use of these features is apparent in Windows XP's user interface and several of its applications such as Microsoft Paint, Windows Picture and Fax Viewer, Photo Printing Wizard, My Pictures Slideshow screensaver, and their presence in the basic graphics layer greatly simplifies implementations of vector-graphics systems such as Flash or SVG. Paint (formerly Paintbrush for Windows) is a simple graphics painting program that has been included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows since Windows Picture and Fax Viewer is an Image viewer. It is a part of the Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 Operating systems It is based Adobe Flash (previously called Shockwave Flash and Macromedia Flash) is a set of Multimedia software created by Macromedia and currently The GDI+ dynamic library can be shipped with an application and used under older versions of Windows.

The Microsoft .NET class library provides a managed interface for GDI+ via the System. Drawing namespace.

GDI+ is similar (in purpose and structure) to Apple's Quartz 2D subsystem, and the open-source libart and Cairo libraries. Apple Inc, ( formerly Apple Computer Inc, is an American Multinational corporation with a focus on designing and manufacturing Consumer electronics Quartz 2D is the primary two-dimensional graphics rendering API for Mac OS X, part of the Core Graphics framework Libart is a Free software graphics library with a vector-based API. Cairo is a Software library used to provide a Vector graphics -based device-independent API for Software developers It is designed to provide

GDI+ vulnerability

On September 14, 2004, a vulnerability in GDI+ and other graphics APIs was discovered related to a defect in the standard JPEG library. Events 81 - Domitian becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire upon the death of his brother Titus. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " It allowed arbitrary code execution on any system that displayed a malicious JPEG file using a tool that used the decoder in GDI+. [1][2] A patch was released to fix the issue on October 12, 2004. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

GDI and GDI+ applications in Windows Vista

Starting with Windows Vista, all Windows applications including GDI and GDI+ applications run in the new compositing engine, Desktop Window Manager which is built atop the Windows Display Driver Model. Desktop Window Manager ( DWM, previously Desktop Compositing Engine or DCE) is a Compositing window manager, introduced with Windows Vista Windows Display Driver Model ( WDDM, also WVDDM) is the Graphic driver architecture for Video card drivers running Microsoft Windows The GDI render path is redirected through DWM and GDI is no longer hardware-accelerated. [3][4] However, due to the nature of desktop composition (internal management of moving bitmaps and transparency and anti-aliasing of GDI+ being handled at the DWM core), operations like window moves and resizes can be faster or more responsive because underlying content need not be re-rendered. [3]

Relation between GDI and GDI printers

GDI printers

A GDI printer or a Winprinter (similar to a Winmodem) is a print processor that uses software to do all the print processing instead of requiring the printer hardware to do it. A Softmodem, or software modem is a Modem with minimal hardware capacities designed to use a host computer's resources (mostly CPU power and RAM but sometimes In Computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of Software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer It works by rendering an image to a bitmap on the host computer and then sending the bitmap to the printer.

This allows low-cost printers to be built by printer manufacturers, because all the page composition is done in software. Usually, such printers do not natively support a page description language such as PostScript or XPS. PostScript ( PS) is a dynamically typed concatenative Programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982 The XML Paper Specification ( XPS) formerly codenamed " Metro " is a specification for a Page description language and a fixed-document format A Winprinter uses GDI to prepare the output, which is then passed to the printer driver (usually supplied by the manufacturer) for further processing and only afterwards to the printer itself. [5]

In general, usually, the lowest-cost printers are GDI devices. Most manufacturers also produce more flexible models that add PCL compatibility, or PostScript, or both. Printer Command Language, more commonly referred to as PCL, is a Page description language (PDL developed by HP as a printer protocol and PostScript ( PS) is a dynamically typed concatenative Programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982 In most cases it is only the very lowest-cost models in any given manufacturer's range that are GDI-only.

With Windows Vista onwards, GDI-based printers are meant to be replaced by XPS printers. Windows Vista (ˈvɪstə is a line of Operating systems developed by Microsoft for use on Personal computers including home and business desktops The XML Paper Specification ( XPS) formerly codenamed " Metro " is a specification for a Page description language and a fixed-document format The XPS document format is the native print spooler format in Windows Vista. In Computer science, spooling refers to a process of transferring data by placing it in a temporary working area where another program may access it for processing It serves as the page description language (PDL) for printers. A page description language (PDL is a language that describes the appearance of a printed page in a higher level than an actual output Bitmap. For printers supporting XPS, this eliminates an intermediate conversion to a printer-specific language, increasing the reliability and fidelity of the printed output compared to GDI print output. When the legacy GDI Print Path is used, the XPS spool file is used for processing before it is converted to a GDI image to minimize the processing done at raster level.

See also

Notes and references

  1. ^ Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 Buffer Overrun in JPEG Processing (GDI+) Could Allow Code Execution (833987). WING "ESPN 1410" is a commercial AM radio station in Dayton Ohio operating with 5000 watts at 1410 kHz with studios offices and transmitter located on David Microsoft DirectX is a collection of Application programming interfaces (APIs for handling tasks related to Multimedia, especially Game programming and Direct3D is part of Microsoft 's DirectX API. Direct3D is only available for Microsoft's various Windows Operating systems ( Windows The XML Paper Specification ( XPS) formerly codenamed " Metro " is a specification for a Page description language and a fixed-document format Microsoft TechNet.
  2. ^ Critical vulnerability in MS Windows may escalate the virus threat. F-Secure.
  3. ^ a b GDI is not hardware accelerated in Windows Vista
  4. ^ Layered windows...SW is sometimes faster than HW. Avalite on MSDN Blogs.
  5. ^ linuxprinting.org about GDI printer. The Linux Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians

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