Grange Fell
Grange Fell as seen from Rosthwaite in Borrowdale, Kings How is to the left and Brund Fell to the Right
Elevation	415 m (1,363 ft)
Location	Cumbria,  England
Range	Lake District, Central Fells
Prominence	75 m
Parent peak	Ullscarf
Topo map	OS Explorer OL4
OS grid reference	NY264162
Listing	Wainwright

Derwent Water with Skiddaw in the background as seen from Kings How. In topography a summit is a point on a surface which is higher in Elevation than all points immediately adjacent to The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A mountain range is a chain of Mountains bordered by highlands or separated from other mountains by passes or valleys The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. The Central Fells are a group of hills in the English Lake District. |} Ullscarf is a Fell in the English Lake District close to the geographical centre of the Cumbrian hills A topographic map is a type of Map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief, usually using Contour lines in modern Ordnance Survey (OS is an Executive agency of the United Kingdom government The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude There are many notable lists of mountains around the world Typically a list of mountains becomes notable by first being listed or defined by an author or group (e Wainwrights are the 214 Fells (hills and mountains described in A

Grange Fell is a small fell in the English Lake District in the county of Cumbria, situated in the Borrowdale valley overlooking the villages of Grange in Borrowdale and Rosthwaite. Fell (from the Old Norse fjall, 'mountain' is a word used to refer to Mountains or certain types of mountainous landscape in Scandinavia England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. Boundaries and divisions Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy Borrowdale is a valley in the English Lake District in Cumbria, England.

Topography

The fell has a summit plateau which consist of many heather-covered hummocks, drystone walls and clumps of trees. Calluna vulgaris (also known as Ling is the sole species in the Genus Calluna in the family Ericaceae. Dry stone is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together Well-known Lake District writer Alfred Wainwright credits Grange Fell as a single fell with three main summits, namely Brunt Fell, Kings How and Ether Knott. Alfred ("A" Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 &ndash 20 January 1991 was a British hillwalker, guidebook Author and Illustrator ^[1] Brunt Fell is the highest point of the fell at 415 metres (1,363 feet) while Kings How is the best viewpoint and has an altitude of 392 metres (1,286 feet), the lesser known Ether Knott has an approximate height of 372 metres (1,220 feet) and is less frequently visited by walkers. On the other hand, another Lakes walking expert Bill Birkett lists Brunt Fell and Kings How as separate fells in his “Complete Lakeland Fells” volume,^[2] while Mark Richards includes all three. Bill Birkett is one of the world's foremost Mountain writers and photographers and is a leading climber who has undertaken many expeditions around the world ^[3]

History

Grange Fell is owned by the National Trust and was one of its first acquisitions in the Lake District in 1910; the fell was purchased by public subscription as a memorial to King Edward VII at the bequest of the King’s sister Princess Louise, who then was President of the Trust. The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales The Princess Louise (Louise Caroline Alberta Marchioness of Lorne and Duchess of Argyll by marriage 18 March 1848 &ndash 3 December 1939 was a member of the The magnificent viewpoint of Kings How was named after the King as a memorial, and a commemorative slate plaque is situated just below the summit. It reads:

“In Loving Memory of King Edward VII, Grange Fell is dedicated by his sister Louise as a sanctuary of rest and peace. Here may all beings gather strength, find in scenes of beautiful nature a cause for gratitude and love to God, giving them courage and vigour to carry on his will. ”

Geology

The geology of the fell is complex with outcropping of various members of the Birker Fell Formation (andesite lavas), the Eagle Crag Member (siltstone and sandstone conglomerates), and intrusions of dolerite. For the extinct cephalopod genus see Andesites. Andesite (ˈændəsaɪt is an igneous, Volcanic rock, of intermediate Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures Siltstone is a Sedimentary rock which has a composition intermediate in grain size between the coarser Sandstones and the finer Mudstones and Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. Diabase (ˈdaɪəbeɪs or Dolerite is a Mafic, Holocrystalline, Igneous rock equivalent to Volcanic Basalt or plutonic ^[4]

Ascents

Ascents of Grange Fell can be started from Rosthwaite, Grange in Borrowdale or Watendlath. The Rosthwaite to Watendlath bridleway can be utilised to its highest point before striking northerly to the summit of Brunt Fell following a high dry stone wall for much of the way. The climb from Grange goes through the picturesque deciduous woodland at the foot of the fell and skirts round Greatend Crag before reaching Kings How and is ranked as one of the loveliest short walks in the Lake District. The two principal summits of Brunt Fell and Kings How should both be climbed by any visitor to the fell and they are linked by an undulating path through the hillocks. ^[1][2][3]

Summit and View

The main summit bears a number of rock tors, protruding sharply from the heathery plateau. A tor is a rock outcrop formed by Weathering, usually found on or near the summit of a Hill. Kings How has a steep sided domed top. Both bear cairns. A cairn ( carn in Irish is an artificial pile of stones often in a conical form The view from the top of the fell is quite beautiful: Kings How gives a classic view of Derwentwater with Skiddaw in the background, while Borrowdale and the high fells round its head show well in the opposite direction. |} Skiddaw is a Mountain in the Lake District National Park in the United Kingdom. ^[1][3]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Wainwright, A (1958). Alfred ("A" Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 &ndash 20 January 1991 was a British hillwalker, guidebook Author and Illustrator A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells, Book 3 The Central Fells. A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells Westmorland Gazette.  
2. ^ ^{a b} Bill Birkett:Complete Lakeland Fells: Collins Willow (1994): ISBN 0-00-713629-3
3. ^ ^{a b c} Mark Richards: The Central Fells: Collins (2003): ISBN 0-00-711365-X
4. ^ British Geological Survey: 1:50,000 series maps, England & Wales Sheet 29: BGS (1999)