City of Grand Forks
Town Square in downtown Grand Forks
Nickname: "The Grand Cities" "The Forks" "The Sunflake City"
Motto: A Place of Excellence
Location in North Dakota
Coordinates: 47°55′31″N 97°1′57″W / 47.92528, -97.0325
Country	United States
State	North Dakota
County	Grand Forks
Founded	June 15, 1870
Incorporated	February 22, 1881
Government
- Mayor	Michael Brown
Area
- City	19. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. This is a list of counties in North Dakota. There are 53 counties in the U Grand Forks County is a County located in the US state of North Dakota. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Michael Brown is the Mayor of Grand Forks North Dakota as of 2008. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 2 sq mi (49. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 9 km²)
- Land	19. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi (49. 9 km²)
- Water	0. 0 sq mi (0. 0 km²)
Elevation	843 ft (257 m)
Population (2006)
- City	50,372
- Density	2,563. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 0/sq mi (989. 8/km²)
- Metro	96,523
Time zone	CST (UTC-6)
- Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes	58201-58208
Area code(s)	701
FIPS code	38-32060[1]
GNIS feature ID	1029197[2]
Website: http://www.grandforksgov.com

Grand Forks is the third-largest city in the U.S. state of North Dakota and the county seat of Grand Forks County. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks ImageArea_code_NDpng|right|Map of North Dakota area code in blue (with border states and provincespoly 0 0 106 0 106 36 0 30 Area code 306 poly 109 1 107 34 239 35 298 Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Grand Forks County is a County located in the US state of North Dakota. Its population was estimated at 50,372,^[3] and it had an estimated metropolitan population of 96,523 in July 2006. July 2006 was a month with thirty-one days The following events also occurred during the month ^[4] Grand Forks, along with its twin city of East Grand Forks, Minnesota, forms the center of the Grand Forks, ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is often called Greater Grand Forks or The Grand Cities. Twin cities are a special case of two cities or urban centres which are born in close geographic proximity and then grow into each other over time East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. " Greater Grand Forks " is the name used by some people to designate the Twin cities of Grand Forks North Dakota and East Grand Forks Minnesota

Located on the western banks of the Red River of the North in an extremely flat region known as the Red River Valley,^[5] the city is prone to flooding and was struck by the devastating Red River Flood of 1997. The Red River (rivière Rouge is a North American river Formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers in the United States For other uses see Red River (disambiguation The Red River Valley is a region in central North America that is drained by The Red River Flood of 1997 was a major Flood that occurred in April and May 1997 along the Red River of the North in North Dakota, Minnesota ^[6] Originally called Les Grandes Fourches by French fur traders, Grand Forks was founded in 1870 by steamboat captain Alexander Griggs and incorporated on February 22, 1881. A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller Alexander Griggs (1838-1903 was an American Steamboat captain Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[7] Its location at the fork of the Red River and the Red Lake River gives the city its name. The Red Lake River is a river located in northwestern Minnesota. ^[7]

Historically dependent on local agriculture, the city's economy now encompasses higher education, defense, health care, manufacturing, food processing, and scientific research. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture ^[8][9] Grand Forks is served by Grand Forks International Airport and Grand Forks Air Force Base, while the city's University of North Dakota is the largest and oldest institution of higher education in the state. Grand Forks International Airport is a public Airport located five miles (8 km) northwest of the Central business district of Grand Forks Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. Higher education is Education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, Community colleges Liberal arts colleges ^[10] The Alerus Center^[11] and Ralph Engelstad Arena^[12] host athletic and other events, while the North Dakota Museum of Art and Chester Fritz Auditorium are the city's largest cultural venues. The Alerus Center is an indoor Arena and convention center located in Grand Forks North Dakota. For the arena with the same name in Thief River Falls Minnesota see Ralph Engelstad Arena (Minnesota. The North Dakota Museum of Art ( NDMOA) is the official art museum of the U The Chester Fritz Auditorium ( CFA)is a performance facility on the campus of the University of North Dakota (UND located in the city of Grand Forks North ^[13]

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 3 Cityscape 4 Demographics 5 Economy 5.1 Economic development 6 Government 6.1 Sister cities 7 Education 7.1 Higher education 7.2 Primary and secondary schools 8 Culture 8.1 Arts and theatre 8.2 Sports 8.3 Recreation 9 Infrastructure 9.1 Transportation 9.2 Health care 10 Media 11 See also 12 Notes 13 Further reading 14 External links

History

Main article: History of Grand Forks, North Dakota

Prior to settlement by Europeans or Americans, the area where the city now sits — at the forks of the Red River and Red Lake River — had been an important meeting and trading point for Native Americans. The recorded History of Grand Forks in the US state of North Dakota, began with the trade between Native Americans and French The Red River (rivière Rouge is a North American river Formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers in the United States The Red Lake River is a river located in northwestern Minnesota. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States Early French explorers, fur trappers, and traders called the area Les Grandes Fourches meaning "The Grand Forks". This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The activity of animal trapping has two separate but related meanings By the 1740s, Les Grandes Fourches was an important trading post for French fur trappers. A trading post is a place where the trading of goods takes place ^[7] A U. S. post office was established on the site on June 15, 1870 and the name was changed to "Grand Forks. Events 763 BC - Assyrians record a Solar eclipse that will be used to fix the Chronology of Mesopotamian history Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common "^[7] Alexander Griggs, a steamboat captain, is regarded as being "The Father of Grand Forks. Alexander Griggs (1838-1903 was an American Steamboat captain A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller "^[14] Griggs' steamboat froze in the Red River on a voyage in late 1870, forcing the captain and his crew to spend the winter camping at Grand Forks. Griggs platted the community in 1875 and Grand Forks was officially incorporated on February 22, 1881. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[7] The city quickly grew after the arrival of the Great Northern Railway in 1880 and the Northern Pacific Railway in 1887. The Great Northern Railway, running from St Paul Minnesota to Seattle Washington &mdash more than 1700 miles (2736 km &mdash was the creation of The Northern Pacific Railway was a railway that operated in the north-central region of the United States. ^[15] In 1883, the University of North Dakota was established, six years before North Dakota was formally recognized as an independent state born from the Dakota Territory. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. Dakota Territory was the name of an organized territory of the United States that existed from 1861 to 1889 ^[10]

The first half of the 1900s saw steady growth and the development of new neighborhoods farther south and west of Downtown Grand Forks. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. The 1920s saw the construction of the state-owned North Dakota Mill and Elevator on the north side of the city. Public ownership (also called government ownership, state ownership or state property) refers to Government Ownership of any The North Dakota Mill and Elevator is the largest Flour mill in the United States. ^[16] In 1954, Grand Forks was chosen as the site for an Air Force base. ^[17] Grand Forks Air Force Base brought thousands of new jobs and residents to the community. Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks The military base and the University of North Dakota would become integral pieces of the city's economy. The second half of the 20th century saw Grand Forks spreading further away from the older part of town. ^[7] Interstate 29 was built on the western side of the city and two enclosed shopping malls – South Forks Plaza and Columbia Mall – were built on the south side. Interstate 29 (I-29 is an Interstate highway in the Midwestern United States. The Grand Cities Mall (or South Forks Plaza) is an enclosed Shopping mall located on South Washington Street in Grand Forks North Dakota. Columbia Mall is an enclosed regional Shopping mall in the city of Grand Forks North Dakota and is located at the intersection of 32nd Avenue South and Columbia Road ^[18]

The city was struck by a severe flood in 1997, causing extensive damage. The Red River Flood of 1997 was a major Flood that occurred in April and May 1997 along the Red River of the North in North Dakota, Minnesota ^[6] With Fargo upstream from the bulk of the waters and Winnipeg with its flood control structures, Grand Forks became the hardest hit city in the Red River Valley. Fargo is a city in Cass County, North Dakota in the United States. Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population For other uses see Red River (disambiguation The Red River Valley is a region in central North America that is drained by During the height of the flooding, a major fire also destroyed eleven buildings in the downtown area. Many neighborhoods had to be demolished to make way for a new levee system, which was ultimately completed ten years later. Dike (constructionEmbankmentA levee, levée, dike (or dyke) embankment, floodbank or stopbank is a natural or artificial The land bordering the Red River was turned into a massive park known as the Greater Grand Forks Greenway. The Greater Grand Forks Greenway is a huge greenway bordering the Red River and Red Lake River in the Twin cities of Grand Forks North Since the flood, Grand Forks has seen both public and private developments throughout town. Two new, large sports venues opened in 2001, including the Alerus Center^[11] and the Ralph Engelstad Arena. The Alerus Center is an indoor Arena and convention center located in Grand Forks North Dakota. For the arena with the same name in Thief River Falls Minnesota see Ralph Engelstad Arena (Minnesota. ^[12] In 2007, the Winnipeg-based Canad Inns hotel chain opened a 13-story hotel and waterpark adjacent to the Alerus Center. Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population Canad Inns is a chain of Hotels headquartered in Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada. ^[19] As of 2007, Grand Forks has a larger population than it did before the 1997 flood and area employment and taxable sales have also surpassed pre-flood levels. ^[20]

Geography

Grand Forks is located at 47°54′44″N, 97°3′17″W (47. 912326, -97. 054860)^[21], 74 miles (119 km) north of the Fargo-Moorhead area^[22] and 145 miles (233 km) south of Winnipeg, Manitoba. Fargo-Moorhead is a common name given to the Metropolitan area comprising Fargo North Dakota, Moorhead Minnesota, and the surrounding communities Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population ^[23] Grand Forks is situated on the western bank of the Red River of the North in an area known as the Red River Valley. The Red River (rivière Rouge is a North American river Formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers in the United States For other uses see Red River (disambiguation The Red River Valley is a region in central North America that is drained by The term "forks" refers to the forking of the Red River with the Red Lake River located near downtown Grand Forks. The Red Lake River is a river located in northwestern Minnesota. ^[7] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 49. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 9 km² (19. 2 mi²), all land. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Since it is in one of the flattest parts of the world, the city has few differences in elevation. ^[5] There are no lakes in the city limits of Grand Forks, but the meandering Red River and the English Coulee flow through the community and provide some break in the terrain. ^[24] The Red River Valley is the result of an ancient glacier carving its way south during the last Ice Age. Once the glacier receded, it formed a glacial lake called Lake Agassiz. Lake Agassiz was an immense Glacial lake located in the center of North America. The ancient beaches can still be seen as rolling hills west of the city. ^[25]

Climate

Main article: Climate of Grand Forks, North Dakota

Due to its location in the Great Plains and its distance from both mountains and oceans, the city has an extreme continental climate. The Climate of Grand Forks North Dakota is a warm summer continental ( Köppen climate classification Dfb) typical of cities located in the Great Plains The Great Plains are the broad expanse of Prairie and Steppe which lie east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada This type of climate is distinguished by four very distinct seasons and great variation in temperatures over very short periods of time. As there are no nearby mountain ranges or bodies of water to ameliorate the climatic conditions, Grand Forks lies exposed to numerous weather systems including bitterly cold Arctic high pressure systems. The city is known for its long, cold, and snowy winters. In sharp contrast, summers are warm to hot and often quite humid with frequent thunderstorms. Depending on the year, warm weather can continue beyond to October, or come to an abrupt end soon after Labor Day. Labor Day is a United States Federal holiday observed on the first Monday in September Spring and autumn are short and highly variable seasons. The lowest temperature ever recorded was -43 °F (-42 °C) on January 30, 2004 and the highest temperature ever recorded was 109 °F (43 °C) on July 6, 1936. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Avg high °F (°C)	15 (−10)	22 (−5)	34 (1)	53 (12)	69 (21)	77 (25)	81 (27)	80 (27)	69 (20)	55 (13)	33 (1)	19 (−7)
Avg low temperature °F (°C)	−4 (−18)	4 (−15)	17 (−9)	31 (−2)	44 (4)	54 (9)	58 (13)	56 (12)	45 (7)	34 (2)	18 (−6)	3 (−14)
Precip (in)	0. 78	0. 62	0. 89	1. 17	2. 11	2. 98	2. 89	2. 92	1. 95	1. 59	0. 86	0. 59
Source: MSN. com [26]

Cityscape

See also: Downtown Grand Forks and University Village, Grand Forks, North Dakota

Grand Forks has several distinct neighborhoods. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. University Village (also known as the Bronson Property) is a neighborhood in Grand Forks North Dakota. The area adjacent to the Red River developed first so this is where some of the oldest neighborhoods, including the downtown area, can be found. The area between downtown and the University of North Dakota campus was another early growth area and historic properties can be found here as well. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA.

Downtown Grand Forks is the oldest part of the city and thus contains many historic buildings. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[27] It is the governmental center of the city and county. It is also used as a gathering place for large festivals and a weekly farmers' market during summer months. Farmers' markets, sometimes called greenmarkets, are Markets usually held out-of-doors in public spaces where Farmers can sell produce ^[28] Recently, city leaders and developers have announced plans to convert older buildings into high-end condos and apartments, and to construct new buildings for the same purpose. A condominium, or condo, is a form of Housing tenure and other Real property where a specified part of a piece of real estate (usually of an apartment ^[29] Located directly south of downtown, the streets of the Near Southside Historic District are lined with classic houses. ^[30] Reeves Drive was once one of the most fashionable neighborhoods in the city and, to this day, it is still the home of many old mansions exhibiting several unique architectural styles. ^[31] Also in this neighborhood are areas of original granitoid paving, several historic churches, and the Lincoln Drive Park. The Near Southside neighborhood was granted the historic district designation by the National Register of Historic Places. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of ^[30]

In general, the newer neighborhoods of Grand Forks are in the southern and western parts of town. The 32nd Avenue South corridor has been the commercial center of the city since the Columbia Mall opened in 1978. Columbia Mall is an enclosed regional Shopping mall in the city of Grand Forks North Dakota and is located at the intersection of 32nd Avenue South and Columbia Road Many big box stores, as well as hotels and restaurants, are now located along the avenue. Big-box store is a term that refers to a style of physically large Chain store, and by extension to the company behind the store ^[32] A large strip mall, called the Grand Forks Marketplace, opened in 2001 near the Columbia Mall. University Village is a new commercial district that was built on vacant lands owned by the University of North Dakota. University Village (also known as the Bronson Property) is a neighborhood in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[32][33] The centerpiece of the Village is the Ralph Engelstad Arena, which is used by the University's Fighting Sioux hockey team. For the arena with the same name in Thief River Falls Minnesota see Ralph Engelstad Arena (Minnesota. The North Dakota Fighting Sioux hockey teams (men's and women's are currently the only Division I sports at the University of North Dakota in Grand All the buildings in the Village have been built in a similar style to buildings on the nearby UND campus. The area now includes restaurants and stores, as well as the University bookstore. In 2006, a new Wellness Center for UND students opened on the Village's west side. ^[34]

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1880	1,705		—
1890	4,979		192%
1900	7,682		54. 3%
1910	12,478		62. 4%
1920	14,010		12. 3%
1930	17,112		22. 1%
1940	20,228		18. 2%
1950	26,836		32. 7%
1960	34,451		28. 4%
1970	39,008		13. 2%
1980	43,765		12. 2%
1990	49,425		12. 9%
2000	49,366		−0. 1%
Est. 2006	50,372	[3]	2%

As of the census^[1] of 2000, there were 49,321 people, 19,677 households, and 11,058 families residing in the city. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 989. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8/km² (2,563. 0/mi²). There were 20,838 housing units at an average density of 418. 2/km² (1,082. 8/mi²). ^[22]

The racial makeup of the city was 93. 35% White, 0. 86% African American, 2. 75% Native American, 0. 96% Asian, 0. 06% Pacific Islander, 0. 58% from other races, and 1. 44% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 87% of the population. The top 6 ancestry groups in the city are Norwegian (36. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional 4%), German (34. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. 7%), Irish (10. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world 6%), French (6. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. 5%), Polish (6. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland 2%), English (6. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland 1%). ^[35] In the city the population was spread out with 21. 4% under the age of 18, 22. 9% from 18 to 24, 27. 7% from 25 to 44, 18. 3% from 45 to 64, and 9. 8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females there were 102. 0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100. 2 males. ^[35]

Of the 19,677 households, 28. 7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43. 2% were married couples living together, 10. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43. 8% were non-families. 31. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 31 and the average family size was 2. 96. ^[35] The median income for a household in the city was $34,194, and the median income for a family was $47,491. Males had a median income of $30,703 versus $21,573 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,395. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 9. 3% of families and 14. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 6% of those under age 18 and 7. 7% of those age 65 or over. ^[35]

Economy

The economy of Grand Forks is not dominated by any one industry or sector. While agriculture continues to play a role in the area's economy, the city of Grand Forks now has a relatively diverse economy that includes public and private employers in sectors such as education, defense, health care, manufacturing, and food processing. ^[8][9] The state and federal governments operate two of the largest employers in the Grand Forks area. The University of North Dakota, located in the heart of the city, is the largest employer in the metropolitan area. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. ^[9] Grand Forks Air Force Base, just west of the city, employs a large number of civilian workers in addition to its enlisted personnel. Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks Altru Health System is the largest private employer in Grand Forks. Altru Health System is an American Healthcare provider headquartered in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[9]

Major manufacturers in Grand Forks include wind turbine manufacturer LM Glasfiber^[36] and small aircraft manufacturer Cirrus Design. LM Glasfiber is the world’s leading manufacturer of Wind turbine blades The Cirrus Design Corporation is an Aircraft manufacturer that was founded in 1984 by Alan and Dale Klapmeier to produce the VK-30 kit aircraft ^[37] Major food producers include potato processor J. R. Simplot Company^[38] and the state-owned North Dakota Mill and Elevator which is the largest flour mill in the United States. The J R Simplot Company, commonly referred to as Simplot, was founded in 1923 by 14-year-old J Public ownership (also called government ownership, state ownership or state property) refers to Government Ownership of any The North Dakota Mill and Elevator is the largest Flour mill in the United States. ^[39] Amazon.com^[40] and SEI Information Technologies^[41] both operate call centers in Grand Forks. Amazoncom Inc ( is an American electronic commerce ( E-commerce) company in Seattle Washington. Other large private employers in the city include the locally owned Alerus Financial branch of banks and the locally owned Hugo's chain of supermarkets. Alerus Financial, headquartered in Grand Forks North Dakota, is a chain of financial institutions located throughout North Dakota and Minnesota. Hugo's (or Hugo's Family Marketplace) is the name of a family-owned chain of Supermarket grocery stores located in the U ^[42]

The retail and service sector is also an important part of the economy. The historic center of shopping in Grand Forks was the downtown area. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. Today, downtown is home to small shops and restaurants and south Grand Forks has become the major retail district in the city. ^[32] Grand Forks has three large shopping centers. The oldest, Grand Cities Mall, is located on South Washington Street and contains mainly small, locally owned stores as well as a Kmart. The Grand Cities Mall (or South Forks Plaza) is an enclosed Shopping mall located on South Washington Street in Grand Forks North Dakota. Kmart (sometimes spelled as " K-Mart " is a chain of department stores in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U With about 80 stores, the area's largest indoor mall is Columbia Mall which is anchored by Macy's, Sears, J.C. Penney, and a large food court. Columbia Mall is an enclosed regional Shopping mall in the city of Grand Forks North Dakota and is located at the intersection of 32nd Avenue South and Columbia Road Macy's is a chain of mid-range American Department stores Its Flagship store in Herald Square, New York City has been billed Sears Roebuck and Company, commonly known as Sears, is an American mid-range chain of International Department stores founded by Richard J C Penney Company Inc ( most commonly known today by the name JCPenney or simply Penneys) is a mid-range chain of American Department stores The newest major shopping center in the city is the Grand Forks Marketplace power center mall which features SuperTarget, Best Buy, Lowe's, Gordmans, and several smaller stores. A power centre (or power center, also known as a retail park) is an unenclosed shopping centre with to of Gross leasable area that usually contains Target Corporation ( is an American Retailing company that was founded in Minneapolis Minnesota in 1902 Best Buy Co Inc ( is a Fortune 100 company and the largest specialty retailer of Consumer electronics in the United States and Canada Lowe's Companies Inc ( is a US -based chain of Retail Home improvement and appliance stores Gordmans is a chain of mid-western off-price department stores founded and headquartered in Omaha Nebraska. Depending on the relative strength of the Canadian dollar versus the American dollar, the Greater Grand Forks area attracts large numbers of tourist shoppers from Manitoba and especially from Winnipeg. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population ^[43]

Economic development

The city government is actively involved in the economic development process, helping existing firms grow and attracting new ones. A portion of sales tax revenues is set aside for this, some of it going into the Grand Forks Growth Fund. ^[44] Companies can request low-interest loans or grants from this fund provided they meet certain criteria, such as paying a relatively high wage and doing most of their business outside the city's trade region. The city also contributes to the Grand Forks Region Economic Development Corporation (EDC), a public-private organization that also receives funding from banks and other major businesses. ^[45] The EDC plays a consulting role for businesses, such as identifying suitable sites for expansion or assembling public funding packages. Its other key role is to vet businesses to see if they are suitable for funding by the Growth Fund.

Community leaders have long seen UND as an "economic engine" for the city. Besides its regular faculty, it also has business-like components such as the Energy and Environmental Research Center. The Energy and Environmental Research Center ( EERC) is a research facility at the University of North Dakota (UND in Grand Forks North Dakota. UND hosts a technology incubator called the Center for Innovation. More recently, the University has been working to commercialize its research. A major thrust in that direction is the construction of a research park on the western fringes of the campus. ^[10] Another potential economic opportunity for the city is the addition of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mission to Grand Forks Air Force Base. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks The base currently hosts KC-135 Stratotankers, which will gradually be transferred to other bases around the country. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout ^[46]

Government

City government:^[47]

Mayor	Michael Brown
Ward 1	Bill Hutchison
Ward 2	Mike McNamara
Ward 3	Eliot Glassheim
Ward 4	Hal Gershman
Ward 5	Doug Christensen
Ward 6	Art Bakken
Ward 7	Curt Kreun

See also: List of mayors of Grand Forks, North Dakota

Grand Forks uses the mayor-council model of municipal government. Michael Brown is the Mayor of Grand Forks North Dakota as of 2008. The following is a complete list of the Mayors of Grand Forks North Dakota. The Mayor-Council government system sometimes called the Mayor-Commission government system is one of two variations of Government used for the most part in modern Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a State. The mayor, who is elected every four years, has the power to oversee the daily administration of city government and to work directly with department heads to ensure the proper provision of services. ^[48] The mayor of Grand Forks is obstetrician Dr. Michael Brown. Obstetrics (from the Latin obstare, "to stand by" is the surgical speciality dealing with the care of a woman and her offspring during Pregnancy Michael Brown is the Mayor of Grand Forks North Dakota as of 2008. He was first elected in 2000 and was re-elected in 2004.

The city is divided into seven wards with each ward electing a single city council representative for a four year term. The council meets twice each month as the council proper and twice each month as a committee of the whole. A Committee of the Whole is a device in which a legislative body or other Deliberative assembly is considered one large committee All council meetings are broadcast on a local cable channel. ^[47]

Sister cities

Main article: Sister cities of Grand Forks, North Dakota

Grand Forks sister cities:

	Dickinson, North Dakota, USA
	Sarpsborg, Norway
	Awano, Japan (defunct)
	Ishim, Russia (inactive)

Grand Forks has an active sister city program designed to encourage cultural and economic exchanges. Demographics Climite Education K-12 Dickinson is served by the Dickinson Public Schools system which includes five elementary North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the is a city and municipality in the county of Østfold Norway. The city was founded as Borg by the famous Viking King Olav Haraldsson (Saint Olav in Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Awano ( Japanese: 粟野町 -machi was a town located in Kamitsuga District, Tochigi, Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Ishim (Иши́м is a town in the south of Tyumen Oblast, Russia. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending ^[49] Grand Forks' first sister city was Ishim in the Soviet Union. Ishim (Иши́м is a town in the south of Tyumen Oblast, Russia. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The relationship with the Siberian city formally began in 1984 during the Cold War. Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the Sometime in the late 1990s, however, political and economic turmoil in Russia ended the relationship. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending ^[50] While the relationship with Ishim faded, Grand Forks found a new sister in Awano, Japan. Awano ( Japanese: 粟野町 -machi was a town located in Kamitsuga District, Tochigi, Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. An informal relationship began in 1994 when the school districts of both cities began exchanging students. In 1998, the two formally proclaimed themselves sister cities. The most concrete evidence of the relationship between the two is a Japanese rock garden in Grand Forks' Sertoma Park and a sculpture of an American bison in an Awano park. The American bison ( Bison bison) is a Bovine Mammal, also commonly known as the American buffalo. ^[51] However, the annexation of Awano by a larger city has led to the end of the sister city relationship. ^[52] Grand Forks' relationship with Dickinson, North Dakota began in 2002, when delegations from each city visited the other. Demographics Climite Education K-12 Dickinson is served by the Dickinson Public Schools system which includes five elementary ^[53] Grand Forks Mayor Michael Brown has said he thinks having friends in western North Dakota, which typically has diverging interests from eastern cities, could help at the state legislature. Michael Brown is the Mayor of Grand Forks North Dakota as of 2008. ^[54] Sarpsborg, Norway became a sister city in 2005 following several exchanges among leaders from both cities. is a city and municipality in the county of Østfold Norway. The city was founded as Borg by the famous Viking King Olav Haraldsson (Saint Olav in Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional The city became interested in building a relationship with Sarpsborg because many Grand Forks residents have Norwegian heritage. ^[55]

Education

Higher education

Grand Forks is the home of the University of North Dakota (UND), the largest and oldest university in the state and region. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. UND has nearly 13,000 enrolled students and is the home of the only schools of medicine and law in the state. UND is also known for its top-ranked John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences. Together, UND and North Dakota State University make up the Red River Valley Research Corridor. North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, more commonly known as North Dakota State University ( NDSU) is a Public university in The Red River Valley Research Corridor is the name that has been given to a region in the American state of North Dakota. ^[10]

Across the river in East Grand Forks is Northland Community and Technical College, a 2-year school. Northland Community & Technical College (NCTC is a two-year Community college with campuses in East Grand Forks and Thief River Falls, Minnesota ^[56] Northland has been experiencing steady growth in recent years, with the addition of a sister campus in Thief River Falls, Minnesota and increasing distance education programs. Thief River Falls, also called Thief River or TRF, is a city in Pennington County, Minnesota, United States. A major expansion and renovation of the Northland building has been proposed due to rising enrollments. ^[57] Also, in nearby Crookston, Minnesota is the University of Minnesota Crookston which is a four year school. Crookston is a city in the US state of Minnesota. It is the County seat of Polk County. The University of Minnesota Crookston ( UMC) is a four-year university located in Crookston Minnesota.

Primary and secondary schools

The Grand Forks Public Schools system includes both the school district of Grand Forks and the school district of the Grand Forks Air Force Base. Grand Forks Public Schools ( GFPS) is a system of publicly-funded K-12 schools in Grand Forks North Dakota. Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks 7,600 students attend schools in the school system. There are twelve elementary schools, four middle schools, and two high schools: Central High and Red River High. See also Primary education An elementary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory education known as elementary Middle school or Junior High School serves as a "bridge" between the Elementary School and the High School High school is the name used in some parts of the world (in particular Scotland, North America and Australia) to describe an institution Central High School (or GFC) is an American High school located in the downtown area of Grand Forks North Dakota. Red River High School (RRHS is an American High school located in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. The Grand Forks Public Schools system also operates an alternative high school and an adult education program. An alternative school (sometimes called a minischool) is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional or sometimes ultratraditional Grand Forks Public Schools is governed by a nine member board of elected representatives, separate from the city and county governments. ^[58]

There are also several primary schools operating in the community that are not a part of the public schools system. Grand Forks is the home of the state-operated North Dakota School for the Blind. ^[59] There are two Catholic schools in Grand Forks, both offering classes from kindergarten through 6th grade. This article is about Catholic schools in general for specific schools named Catholic High School, see Catholic High School (disambiguation. ^{[60] [61]} The only private high school in the metropolitan area is Sacred Heart High School, a Catholic school, which is in East Grand Forks. Sacred Heart High School is a private, Roman Catholic High school in East Grand Forks Minnesota. This article is about Catholic schools in general for specific schools named Catholic High School, see Catholic High School (disambiguation. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. ^[62] There is a non-denominational Christian elementary and middle school operating in East Grand Forks. ^[63]

Culture

Arts and theatre

Due at least in part to the presence of the University of North Dakota, Grand Forks offers a variety of arts and cultural events. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. ^[64][65][66] The North Dakota Museum of Art, located on the UND campus, brings many nationally touring exhibits to Grand Forks as well as the work of regional artists. The North Dakota Museum of Art ( NDMOA) is the official art museum of the U ^[67] In addition to the Museum of Art, UND offers other gallery space for student art. UND also has active Theater Arts and Music departments. ^[10] Students stage theater productions each year at the Burtness Theater on campus. ^[68] UND's Chester Fritz Auditorium also brings music and theater events to Grand Forks including national touring companies of Broadway musicals. The Chester Fritz Auditorium ( CFA)is a performance facility on the campus of the University of North Dakota (UND located in the city of Grand Forks North Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located ^[13]

The Greater Grand Forks Symphony Orchestra has been performing since 1905^[69] and the Grand Forks Master Chorale was formed in 1983. ^[64] Both groups stage productions each year at various locations in the community. The North Dakota Ballet Company is headquartered in Grand Forks and often performs at the Chester Fritz Auditorium. ^[70] The Grand Forks City Band was formed in 1886 and still stages shows year round. ^[64]

The Empire Arts Center, in downtown Grand Forks, is home to several cultural events throughout the year. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. The Empire, a 1919 movie theater, was restored after the Flood of 1997 and now includes performance space, a large movie screen, a gallery, and space for artists. The Red River Flood of 1997 was a major Flood that occurred in April and May 1997 along the Red River of the North in North Dakota, Minnesota ^[71] The Fire Hall Theatre, also located downtown, is used by community members to put on several theater productions each year. ^[64] The Summer Performing Arts Company (SPA) is a popular summer arts program for area K-12 students. The Summer Performing Arts Company or SPA is a summerstock educational theatre program in Grand Forks North Dakota that is part of the Grand Forks Public Schools SPA stages one or two major musicals and one or two smaller shows each summer. ^[72] The Myra Museum, on Belmont Road near the Greater Grand Forks Greenway, is a small history museum with exhibits that trace local history from the Ice Age, through settlement, and into the modern age. The Greater Grand Forks Greenway is a huge greenway bordering the Red River and Red Lake River in the Twin cities of Grand Forks North Other buildings on the Myra Museum grounds include the original 1868 Grand Forks Post Office, a 1917 one room school, and the historic Campbell House. ^[73]

Sports

College sports are popular in Grand Forks, with an intense following for the University of North Dakota Fighting Sioux. College athletics refers primarily to Sports and athletic competition organized and funded by institutions of tertiary education ( Colleges or universities The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. The North Dakota Fighting Sioux is the name of the athletic teams of the University of North Dakota (UND which is located in the city of Grand Forks North Dakota ^[10] The UND men's ice hockey team competes in the NCAA Division I level and has been the Frozen Four championship team seven times and the runner-up five times. The North Dakota Fighting Sioux hockey teams (men's and women's are currently the only Division I sports at the University of North Dakota in Grand The National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA, often pronounced "N-C-Double-A" is a voluntary association of about 1200 institutions conferences organizations Division I (or D-I) is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States The annual NCAA Men's Ice Hockey Championship tournament determines the top Ice hockey team in the NCAA Division I, Division II, and Division ^[74] The UND football team was the 2001 NCAA Division II champion and the 2003 runner-up. The North Dakota Fighting Sioux are a College football program that competes in the Great West Conference in the NCAA Division I 's The NCAA Division II National Football Championship began in 1973. In 2006, the school announced that it would be moving its entire athletic program to Division I. ^[75]

Grand Forks is home to two major indoor athletic arenas. The city-owned Alerus Center opened in 2001. The Alerus Center is an indoor Arena and convention center located in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[11] The Alerus Center is home to the Fighting Sioux football team and also plays host to a variety of other events including major concerts. The Alerus Center is the largest arena and convention center complex in the upper Midwest area. ^[76] The Fighting Sioux hockey teams compete in the Ralph Engelstad Arena, located in the University Village district of the UND campus. For the arena with the same name in Thief River Falls Minnesota see Ralph Engelstad Arena (Minnesota. University Village (also known as the Bronson Property) is a neighborhood in Grand Forks North Dakota. "The Ralph" as it is commonly called was funded by UND benefactor Ralph Engelstad and opened in 2001 at a cost of over $100 million dollars. Ralph Engelstad (b January 28, 1930 Thief River Falls Minnesota - d ^[12] Adjacent to the Ralph Engelstad Arena is the smaller Betty Engelstad Sioux Center. The Betty Engelstad Sioux Center ( BESC) is an indoor Arena located in Grand Forks North Dakota. "The Betty" is the home of the Fighting Sioux basketball and Fighting Sioux volleyball teams. The North Dakota Fighting Sioux basketball teams (men's and women's are parth of the athletic program at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks North The North Dakota Fighting Sioux volleyball team is a part of the athletic program at the University of North Dakota

Recreation

The Grand Forks Park District, established in 1905, operates 14 neighborhood parks, 28 tennis courts, and a swimming pool. The Grand Forks Park District is a local government agency located in Grand Forks North Dakota. Tennis is a sport played between two players ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles) The parks include features such as playgrounds, baseball fields, softball fields, soccer fields, basketball courts, and picnic areas. Sertoma Park includes a Japanese garden. that is Gardens in traditional Japanese style can be found at private homes in neighborhood or city parks and at historical Landmarks such as Buddhist The Park District also operates eleven outdoor skating rinks and indoor ice arenas: Purpur Arena, Eagles Arena, Blueline Club Arena, and Gambucci Arena. The district also owns the Center Court Fitness Club. ^[77]

There are several golf courses in the city and the surrounding area. A golf course consists of a series of holes each consisting of a Teeing ground, Fairway, rough and other hazards and a green with a pin and cup all designed for ^[78] The Park District operates the 18-hole, Arnold Palmer-designed, links style King's Walk Golf Course^[79] and the historic, 9-hole Lincoln Golf Course. Career outline Palmer was born in Latrobe Pennsylvania. He learned golf from his father Deacon Palmer who was head professional and greens keeper at Latrobe Country Club ^[80] The University of North Dakota operates the 9-hole Ray Richards Golf Course. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. ^[81] The 18-hole Grand Forks Country Club is located directly south of the city. ^[82] There are also golf courses in nearby East Grand Forks, Minnesota^[83] and Manvel, North Dakota. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. Manvel is a city in Grand Forks County, North Dakota in the United States. ^[84]

The Greater Grand Forks Greenway is a large park that runs the length of the Red River in the city. The Greater Grand Forks Greenway is a huge greenway bordering the Red River and Red Lake River in the Twin cities of Grand Forks North The Red River (rivière Rouge is a North American river Formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers in the United States It includes an extensive path system, large festival grounds, ski trails, and wildflower gardens. ^[85] Including the Greenway, the bicycle route system in Grand Forks is over 43 miles (69 km) long. ^[86] These paths are located in The Greenway, adjacent to major streets, and on the banks of the English Coulee. There are also two pedestrian/bike bridges that span the Red River. ^[87]

Infrastructure

Transportation

See also: Major roads in Grand Forks, North Dakota

Grand Forks International Airport (GFK, KGFK) is served by Northwest Airlines with several daily round trips to Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport. The Sorlie Memorial Bridge was built in 1929 by the Minneapolis Bridge Co Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. This is a list of major roads in the city of Grand Forks North Dakota. Grand Forks International Airport is a public Airport located five miles (8 km) northwest of the Central business district of Grand Forks Northwest Airlines Inc (often abbreviated NWA) is the principal subsidiary Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport is the largest and busiest airport in the five-state Upper Midwestern region of Minnesota, Iowa, The airport is a major distribution center for FedEx, which conducts flights daily with Boeing 727 and Cessna Caravan aircraft. FedEx Corporation ( is a Logistics services company based in the United States. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Cessna Caravans transport packages to outlying areas of the state. The airport is also one of the busiest airports in the country, due mainly to the presence of the John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences of the University of North Dakota. The John D Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences ( JDOSAS or UND Aerospace) is a part of the University of North Dakota (UND in Grand Forks North The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. ^[88] The BNSF Railway runs track in several directions in and around the city. The BNSF Railway headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, is one of the four remaining Transcontinental railroads and one of the largest railroad networks in Amtrak passenger service on the Empire Builder line heads westbound daily at 5:00 am and eastbound daily at midnight. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The Empire Builder is a Passenger train route operated by Amtrak in the Midwestern and Northwestern United States. The Empire Builder stops at the Grand Forks Amtrak station. The Grand Forks Amtrak station is a train station in western Grand Forks North Dakota served by Amtrak, the national railroad passenger system ^[89]

Three federal highways pass through Grand Forks: U.S. Highway 2, Interstate 29, and U.S. Highway 81. US Route 2 is an east-west US Highway spanning across the northern continental United States. Interstate 29 (I-29 is an Interstate highway in the Midwestern United States. US Route 81 is one of the many United States Numbered Highways established in 1926 by the US Department of Agriculture Bureau of Public Roads U. S. Highway 2, known as Gateway Drive in the city, runs east to west through the northern part of town and is a four lane highway. The highway is the primary connection between Grand Forks, East Grand Forks, the Grand Forks Air Force Base, Grand Forks International Airport, and nearby Crookston, Minnesota. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. Grand Forks Air Force Base, also known as Grand Forks AFB or GFAFB, is a base of the United States Air Force located in Grand Forks Grand Forks International Airport is a public Airport located five miles (8 km) northwest of the Central business district of Grand Forks Crookston is a city in the US state of Minnesota. It is the County seat of Polk County. Interstate 29 runs north to south along the western part of the city, officially multiplexed with U. S. Highway 81 in the Grand Forks area. The U. S. Highway 81 business route, Washington Street and 32nd Avenue, runs through many of the city's major commercial districts. ^[90]

Within the city, roads that run from north to south are traditionally called "streets" and roads that run from east to west are traditionally called "avenues. " Streets are numbered in blocks west of the Red River. The Red River (rivière Rouge is a North American river Formed by the confluence of the Bois de Sioux and Otter Tail rivers in the United States Avenues are numbered in blocks north or south of Demers Avenue — the city's historic dividing route adjacent to the rail yards. ^[90] The city maintains a bus system called Cities Area Transit, also known by the acronym CAT. Cities Area Transit (or CAT) is a public transportation service operated by the city of Grand Forks North Dakota. The system has operated since 1926 when it was introduced to replace an earlier trolley system. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train There are twelve bus routes including night service and service in the community of East Grand Forks. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. ^[91]

Health care

With over 3,400 employees and over 180 physicians,^[92] Altru Health System is the main provider of health care in Grand Forks and the surrounding region and is also the largest private employer in Grand Forks. Altru Health System is an American Healthcare provider headquartered in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[9] Altru's 90 acre medical campus near the center of the city offers a 261-bed acute care hospital, a 34-bed rehabilitation hospital, and five clinics. ^[92] Altru Hospital, formerly called United Hospital, is the result of a 1971 merger of Grand Forks' Deaconess Hospital and St. Michael's Hospital. ^[93]

Grand Forks has long had just one major healthcare provider, but recently a new medical campus, called Aurora Medical Park, has been developing on the south side of the city. ^[94] Facilities in the development include the Stadter Center — a 70-bed psychiatric hospital^[95] — and a two story clinic building. Individual spaces in the clinic building are leased out to private medical practices. In early April of 2007, a proposal surfaced to build a 70-bed hospital called Aurora Hospital on the medical campus. Aurora Hospital is the name given to a hospital currently under construction in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[96]

Media

Main article: Media in Grand Forks, North Dakota

The Grand Forks Herald is the major daily newspaper serving Grand Forks^[97] and is also the second most widely circulated newspaper in North Dakota with a daily circulation of around 31,000. Downtown Grand Forks is the original commercial center of Grand Forks North Dakota. The following is a list of media in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA: Print Daily Grand Forks Herald The Grand Forks Herald is a daily Broadsheet Newspaper, begun in 1879, published in Grand Forks North Dakota. North Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern and Western regions of the United States of America. ^[98] The Exponent is a weekly newspaper published in East Grand Forks, Minnesota. East Grand Forks is a city in Polk County, Minnesota in the United States. ^[99] The University of North Dakota also has its own student-published newspaper called The Dakota Student, which is published twice weekly during the school year. The University of North Dakota ( UND) is a Public university in Grand Forks North Dakota, USA. The Dakota Student is the student-run newspaper publication of the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks North Dakota. ^[100]

The major AM radio station in Grand Forks is KNOX 1310, which is a news and talk station. KNOX (1310 AM, "Talk Radio 1310" is a Radio station broadcasting an news/talk format serving Grand Forks North Dakota. Talk radio is a Radio format containing discussion about topical issues The city's FM stations include NPR affiliates KUND 89. In most of the world the FM broadcast band, used for Broadcasting FM Radio stations goes from 87 Prairie Public is a Public radio service of Prairie Public Broadcasting in association with North Dakota State University in Fargo, 3, KFJM 90. KFJM (907 FM) is a Public radio station in Grand Forks North Dakota, with airing an Adult album alternative format 7, KQMN 91. Minnesota Public Radio ( MPR) a 501(c(3 non-profit organization is one of the premier Public radio stations producing programming for radio Internet 5, and KNTN 102. Minnesota Public Radio ( MPR) a 501(c(3 non-profit organization is one of the premier Public radio stations producing programming for radio Internet 7. Commercial FM stations include rock station KJKJ 107. In most of the world the FM broadcast band, used for Broadcasting FM Radio stations goes from 87 Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. KJKJ (1075 FM, "KJ108" is a Radio station broadcasting an Active rock format serving Grand Forks North Dakota. 5; top 40 station KKXL-FM 92. Contemporary hit radio (also known as CHR, Contemporary Hits, or Top 40) is a Radio format that is common in the United States and KKXL-FM (929 FM, "XL93" is a Radio station broadcasting a Top 40 (CHR format serving the Grand Forks North Dakota area 9; and country stations KSNR 100. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. KSNR (1003 FM, "1003 Cat Country" is a Radio station broadcasting a country format 3 and KYCK 97. KYCK (971 FM, "97 KYCK" is a Radio station broadcasting a country format 1. ^[101][102]

WDAZ-TV channel 8, an ABC affiliate, is the only broadcast television station in Grand Forks that provides local news. WDAZ-TV, channel 8 is an ABC affiliate located in Grand Forks North Dakota. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. Terrestrial television is a term which refers to modes of television broadcasting which do not involve satellite transmission ^[103] All other major U. S. television networks are represented in Grand Forks from Fargo-based television stations. The cable television provider, Midcontinent Communications, carries several locally-based cable channels such as the Fighting Sioux Sports Network and public channels run by the University of North Dakota, City of Grand Forks and the Grand Forks Public Schools. Midcontinent Communications is a provider of Cable TV, Internet, and general Telephony services for home and business largely serving the Dakota The Fighting Sioux Sports Network (or FSSN) is a local cable channel operated in Grand Forks North Dakota by the University of North Dakota in conjunction

See also

• History of Grand Forks, North Dakota
• Climate of Grand Forks, North Dakota
• Sister cities of Grand Forks, North Dakota
• Media in Grand Forks, North Dakota
• List of mayors of Grand Forks, North Dakota
• List of people from Grand Forks, North Dakota

Notes

Further reading

• Tweton, Jerome D. (1986, reprinted 2005). Grand Forks, A Pictorial History, Norfolk, Virginia: The Donning Company.
• Bladow, Eldon (Ed. ) (1974). They Came To Stay, Grand Forks, North Dakota: Grand Forks Centennial Corporations.
• Jacobs, Mike (Ed. ) (1997). Come Hell and High Water, Grand Forks, North Dakota: Knight-Ridder.

External links

• City of Grand Forks official website
• Grand Forks Herald website
• Grand Forks Convention and Visitors Bureau website
• Grand Forks Region Economic Development Corporation (EDC)
• University of North Dakota official website
• Grand Forks Air Force Base official website
• Alerus Events Center website
• Ralph Engelstad Arena website

• Grand Forks, North Dakota is at coordinates 47°55′31″N 97°01′57″W / 47.925278, -97.032499 (Grand Forks, North Dakota)Coordinates: 47°55′31″N 97°01′57″W / 47.925278, -97.032499 (Grand Forks, North Dakota)

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.

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