Großherzogtum Posen (de) Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie (pl) Grand Duchy of Posen Client state of Prussia ← 1815 – 1848 → Flag Coat of arms The Grand Duchy was administrated as the Province of Posen, within the Kingdom of Prussia. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The Province of Posen (Provinz Posen Prowincja Poznańska was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 the whole The Province of Posen (Provinz Posen Prowincja Poznańska was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 the whole The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Capital Posen (Poznań) 52°24′N, 16°55′E Government Monarchy Grand Duke of Posen, King of Prussia  - 1815–40 Frederick William III  - 1840–49 Frederick William IV Duke-Governor  - 1815–31 Antoni Radziwiłł History  - Established June 9, 1815  - Wielkopolska Uprising May 9, 1848  - Autonomy abolished June 28, 1848 Area  - 1849 28,951 km² (11,178 sq mi) Population  - 1849 est. This is a list of national capitals of the world in alphabetical order Poznań Lublin Voivodeship This article is about the city in Poland This is a list of countries categorized by system of Government. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or Poland, or at least its nucleus was ruled at various times either by książęta (Dukes(ca Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Life Frederick William was educated by private tutors many of whom were experienced civil servants such as Friedrich Ancillon. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł ( 13 June 1775 &ndash 7 April 1833) was a Polish-Lithuanian The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe, chaired by the Austrian statesman Clemens Wenzel von Metternich Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Greater Poland Uprising of 1848 (powstanie wielkopolskie 1848 roku was an unsuccessful military Insurrection of Poles in the Grand Duchy of Posen (or Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The Frankfurt Parliament ( German: Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected Parliament Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by total area. List of countries by population in 2005|List of countries by population in 1907This is a list of countries ordered according to Population. 1,350,000       Density 46. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6 /km²  (120. 8 /sq mi)

Polish Statehood

Kingdom of the Piasts Kingdom of the Jagiellons Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Partitions of Poland Kingdom of Galicia Duchy of Warsaw Congress Kingdom Free City of Kraków Grand Duchy of Posen Grand Duchy of Cracow Second Polish Republic Polish Underground State People's Republic of Poland Third Polish Republic

The Grand Duchy of Posen (German: Großherzogtum Posen; Polish: Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie) was an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia in the Polish lands commonly known as "Greater Poland" between the years 1815-1848. The Kingdom of Poland ( pol Królestwo Polskie, lat Regnum Poloniae, ukr The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Polish state created by the accession of Wladislaus II Jagiełło, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria official (Königreich Galizien und Lodomerien mit dem Großherzogtum Krakau und den Herzogtümern Auschwitz und Zator official The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon Congress Poland Kongresówka, officially and formally Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie {{IPA-pl|'|p|o|l|s|kʲ|e}} Царство Польское Tsarstvo Polskoye The Free Independent and Strictly Neutral City of Kraków (Cracow with its Territory For the Grand Duke overlord of the Polanes during fragmentation of Poland see Duke of Cracow (1138 - 1320 The Grand Duchy of Cracow (Großherzogtum The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. Polish Underground State (Polskie Państwo Podziemne also known as Polish Secret State) refers to all underground resistance organizations in Poland during The People's Republic of Poland or Polish People's Republic ( Polish: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL Russian Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Greater Poland or Great Poland, Polish Wielkopolska (Großpolen Latin: Polonia Maior) is a historical region of west-central Poland The name was unofficially used afterwards for denoting the territory, especially by Poles, and today is used by modern historians to describe different political entities until 1918. Its capital was Posen (Polish: Poznań). The Grand Duchy was formally replaced by the Province of Posen in the Prussian constitution of 5 December 1848. A grand duchy is a territory whose Head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. The Province of Posen (Provinz Posen Prowincja Poznańska was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 the whole The Constitution of the Kingdom of Prussia was adopted in 1850 and amended in the following years Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap

History

The Prussian Province of Posen. The Province of Posen (Provinz Posen Prowincja Poznańska was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 the whole Yellow colour: Polish-speaking areas according to German authorities

Originally part of the Kingdom of Poland, this area largely coincided with Greater Poland. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic Greater Poland or Great Poland, Polish Wielkopolska (Großpolen Latin: Polonia Maior) is a historical region of west-central Poland The mid-1600s brought devastation from invading Swedish forces during "the Deluge". The Deluge ( Polish: Potop, full Polish name is Potop Szwedzki Deluge''' is the name commonly assigned in the History The eastern portions of the territory were taken by the Kingdom of Prussia during the Partitions of Poland; during the first partition (1772), Prussia took just the Netze District, the portion along the Noteć (German: Netze) river. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the The Netze District or District of the Netze (Netzedistrikt or Netze-Distrikt Obwód Nadnotecki was a territory in the Kingdom of Prussia from 1772 The Noteć ( German: Netze, Latin: Natissis) is a River in central Poland with a length of 388 km (7th longest and a basin Prussia added the remainder during the second partition in 1793. Prussia briefly lost control during the Kościuszko Uprising in (1794). The Kościuszko Uprising was an uprising led by Tadeusz Kościuszko in Poland and Lithuania in 1794

It was initially administered as the province of South Prussia. South Prussia (Südpreußen Prusy Południowe was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1793 to 1807 The Poles were the primary ally of Napoleon Bonaparte in Central Europe, participating in the Greater Poland Uprising of 1806 and supplying troops for his campaigns. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Central Europe is the Region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and After the defeat of Prussia by Napoleonic France, the Duchy of Warsaw was created by the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807. The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the aftermath of his victory at Friedland in the town of Tilsit

According to the Congress of Vienna, put into action after the fall of Napoleon in 1815, Posen was returned to Prussia, and became the Grand Duchy of Posen, a nominally autonomous province under Hohenzollern rule with the rights of "free development of Polish nation, culture and language", and was outside the German Confederation. The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe, chaired by the Austrian statesman Clemens Wenzel von Metternich The German Confederation (Deutscher Bund was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to At this time the city of Poznań was the administrative center and the seat of "Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł of Poznań". Poznań Lublin Voivodeship This article is about the city in Poland Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł ( 13 June 1775 &ndash 7 April 1833) was a Polish-Lithuanian

At the beginning of the Prussian takeover of Polish territories the discrimination and repressions against Poles consisted by reducing their access to education and judicial system. Unlike most discrimination policies discrimination between, which is the discernment of qualities and recognition of the differences focused here discrimination against is Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Prussian officials identified Germanisation as the progress of higher culture over a lower one. As a result the local administration discriminated Poles. After 1824 attempts to Germanise school system were hastened and the government refused to establish a Polish university in Poznań. Polish politicians issued protests against Prussian policies, and a patriotic secret organisation was founded called Towarzystwo Kosynierów (Society of Scythemen). Patriotic activity of Poles resulted in reaction from Berlin, where a trial was held in connection to links of Poles from Prussian parts of Poland with Poles from Russian Congress Poland. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Congress Poland Kongresówka, officially and formally Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie {{IPA-pl|'|p|o|l|s|kʲ|e}} Царство Польское Tsarstvo Polskoye ^[1]

The 1830 November Uprising within Congress Poland against the Russian Empire was significantly supported by Poles from the Grand Duchy, Afterwards, the Prussian administration under Oberpräsident Edward Flotwell introduced a system of police and repression against the Poles. The November Uprising (1830&ndash1831&mdashalso known as the Cadet Revolution &mdashwas an armed rebellion against the rule of the Russian Empire in Poland Congress Poland Kongresówka, officially and formally Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie {{IPA-pl|'|p|o|l|s|kʲ|e}} Царство Польское Tsarstvo Polskoye The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Eduard Heinrich von Flottwell ( 23 July 1786 &ndash 28 May 1865) was a Prussian Staatsminister. He started to expel the Poles from administration, tried to weaken the Polish nobility by buying its lands, and after 1832 the role of the Polish language in education was significantly suppressed.

During the Revolutions of 1848 the Frankfurt Parliament attempted to divide the Duchy into two parts: the Province of Poznań, which would have been given to the Germans and annexed to a newly-created German Empire, and the Province of Gniezno, which would have been given to the Poles and held outside Germany, but because of the protest of Polish parliamentarians these plans failed and the integrity of the duchy was preserved. The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European The Frankfurt Parliament ( German: Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected Parliament The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Gniezno (Gnesen is a Town in central-western Poland, some 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 73000 people However, on February 9, 1849, after a series of broken assurances, the Prussian administration renamed the duchy to the Province of Posen. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Province of Posen (Provinz Posen Prowincja Poznańska was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 the whole But the Prussian Kings up to William II, German Emperor still hold the title "Grand Duke of Posen" until 1918.

Area and population

The area was 28,951 km² and contained most of the territories of the historical province of Greater Poland, which comprised the western parts of the Duchy of Warsaw (Departments of Poznań, Bydgoszcz, partly Kalisz) that were ceded to Prussia according to the Congress of Vienna (1815) with an international guarantee of self-administration and free development of the Polish nation. Greater Poland or Great Poland, Polish Wielkopolska (Großpolen Latin: Polonia Maior) is a historical region of west-central Poland The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon Poznań Department (Polish Departament Poznański) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806-1815 Bydgoszcz Department (Polish Departament bydgoski was a unit of administrative division and local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806 - Kalisz Department (departament kaliski was a unit of administrative division and Local government in Polish Duchy of Warsaw in years 1806 – The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe, chaired by the Austrian statesman Clemens Wenzel von Metternich

Population:

• 776,000 (1815)
• 820,000 (1816)
• 1,350,000 (1849)
• 2,100,000 (1910)

Territorial administration

The monarch of the duchy, with title of Grand Duke of Posen, was the Hohenzollern king of Prussia and his representative was the Duke-Governor: the first was Prince Antoni Radziwiłł (1815–31), who was married to Princess Louise of Prussia, the king's cousin. Prince Antoni Henryk Radziwiłł ( 13 June 1775 &ndash 7 April 1833) was a Polish-Lithuanian The governor was assigned to give advice in matters of Polish nationality, and had the right to veto the administration decisions; in reality, however, all administrative power was in the hands of the Prussian over-president of the province.

The Prussian administrative unit that covered the territory of the Duchy was called the Province of the Grand Duchy of Posen in the years 1815–49, and later to simplify just the Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen, Polish: Prowincja Poznańska). Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland.

The territory of the duchy was divided into two regions (Polish: Rejencja), Posen and Bromberg, which were further divided into 26 original districts (German: Kreis(e), Polish: Powiat(y)) administered by landrats ("district councils"). A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Bromberg was the northern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Later, these were redivided into 40 districts, plus two urban districts. In 1824, the Duchy also received a provincial council (term started in 1827) but with little administrative power, limited to providing advice. In 1817, Culmerland (Chełmno Land) was moved to West Prussia. West Prussia ( Prusy Zachodnie was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773&ndash1824 and 1878&ndash1918 which was created out of the earlier Polish

Polish organisations

• Scientific Help Society for the Youth of the Grand Duchy of Posen (established 1841, Polish: Towarzystwo Naukowej Pomocy dla Młodzieży Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego) — scholarship for the poor youth
• Poznań Bazar (Bazar Poznański, established 1841)
• Central Economic Society for the Grand Duchy of Poznań (established 1861, Polish: Centralne Towarzystwo Gospodarcze dla Wielkiego Księstwa Poznańskiego, CTG) — promotion of modern agriculture
• People's Libraries Society (established 1880, Polish: Towarzystwo Czytelni Ludowych, TLC) promotion of education among the people
• Poznań Society of Friends of Arts and Sciences (established 1875, Polish: Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, PTPN) promotion of arts and sciencies

German organisations

• Colonization Commission (Ansiedlungskommision, established 1886)
• German Eastern Marches Society (Hakata), (Deutscher Ostmarken Verein, established 1894)

Notable people

(in alphabetical order)

• Stanisław Adamski (1875–1967), Polish priest, social and political activist of the Union of Catholic Societies of Polish Workers (Związek Katolickich Towarzystw Robotników Polskich), founder and editor of the 'Robotnik' (Worker) weekly
• Tomasz K. Bartkiewcz (1865–1931), Polish composer and organist, co-founder of the Singer Circles Union (Związek Kół Śpiewackich)
• Józef Brzeziński
• Hipolit Cegielski (1815–68), Polish businessman, social and cultural activist
• Dezydery Chłapowski (1788–1879), Polish general, business and political activist
• Bernard Chrzanowski (1861–1944), Polish social and political activist, president of the Union of the Greater Poland Falcons (Związek Sokołów Wielkopolskich)
• August Cieszkowski (1814–94), Polish philosopher, social and political activist, co-founder of the Polish League (Liga Polska), co-founder and president of the PTPN
• Czesław Czypicki (1855–1926), Polish lawyer from Kożmin, activist for the singers' societies
• Bolesław Dembiński (1833–1914), Polish composer and organist, activist fo the singers societies
• Franciszek Dobrowolski (1830–96), Polish theatre director, editor of Dziennika Poznańskiego (Poznań Daily)
• Michał Drzymała (1857–1937), famous Polish peasant
• Tytus Działyński (1796–1861), Polish political activist, protector of arts
• Ewaryst Estkowski (1820–56), Polish teacher, education activist, editor of Szkoła Polska (Polish School) magazine
• Edward H. Flotwell (1786–1865), Prussian politician, over-president of the Grand Duchy of Poznań
• Maksymilian Jackowski (1815–1905), Polish activist, secretary-general of the Central Economic Society (Centralne Towarzystwo Gospodarcze), patron of the agricultural circles
• Kazimierz Jarochowski (1828–88), Polish historian, publicist of the Dziennik Poznański (Poznań Daily), co-founder of PTPN
• Ferdinand Hansemann (1861–1900), Prussian politician, co-founder of the German Eastern Marches Society
• Hermann Kennemann (1815–1910), Prussian politician, co-founder of the German Eastern Marches Society
• Józef Kościelski (1845–1911), Polish politician and parliamentarian, co-founder of the Straż (Guard) society
• Konstanty Kościnski, author of The Guide to Poznań and the Grand Duchy of Poznań (Przewodnik pod Poznaniu i Wielkim Księstwie Poznańskiem), Poznań 1909
• Antoni Kraszewski (1797–1870), Polish politician and parliamentarian
• Józef Krzymiński (1858–1940), Polish physician, social and political activist, member of parliament
• Karol Libelt (1807–75), Polish philosopher, political and social activist, president of PTPN
• Karol Marcinkowski (1800–48), Polish physician, social activist, founder of the Poznań Bazar
• Władysław Marcinkowski (1858–1947), Polish sculptor who created a monument of Adam Mickiewicz in Milosław
• Teofil Matecki (1810–86), Polish physician, social activist, member of PTPN, founder of the Adam Mickiewicz monument of Poznań
• Maciej Mielzyński
• Ludwik Mycielski, Polish political, president of the National Council (Rada Narodowa) in 1913
• Andrzej Niegolewski (1787–1857), Polish colonel during the Napoleonic Wars, member of parliament, shareholder of the Poznań Bazar
• Władysław Niegolewski (1819–85), Polish liberal politician and member of parliament, insurgent in 1846, 1848 and 1863, cofounder of TCL and CTG
• Władysław Oleszczyński (1808–66), Polish sculptor, who created a monument of Adam Mickiewicz in Poznań
• Gustaw Potworowski (1800–60), Polish activist, founder of the Kasyno in Gostyń, activist of the Polish League (Liga Polska)
• Edward Raczyński (1786–1845), Polish conservative politician, protector of arts, founder of the Raczynski Library in Poznań
• Antoni Radziwiłł (1775–1833), Polish duke, composer, and politician, governor-general of the Grand Duchy of Poznań
• Cyryl Ratajski (1875–1942), president of Poznań 1922–34
• Karol Rzepecki (1865–1931), Polish bookseller, social and political activist, editor of Sokół (Falcon) magazine
• Walenty Stefański (1813–77), Polish bookseller, political activist, co-founder of the Polish League (Liga Polska)
• Florian Stablewski (1841–1906), Polish priest archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno, Polish member of Prussian parliament
• Antoni Stychel (1859–1935), Polish priest, member of parliament, president of the Union of the Catholic Societies of Polish Workers (Związek Katolickich Towarzystw Robotników Polskich)
• Roman Szymański (1840–1908), Polish political activist, publicist, editor of Orędownik magazine
• Heinrich Tiedemann (1840–1922), Prussian politician, co-founder of the German Eastern Marches Society
• Aniela Tułodziecka (1853–1932), Polish educational activist of the Warta Society (Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Wzajemnego Pouczania się i Opieki nad Dziećmi Warta)
• Teofil Walicki
• Piotr Wawrzyniak (1849–1910), Polish priest, economic and educational activist, patron of the Union of the Earnings and Economic Societies (Związek Spółek Zarobkowych i Gospodarczych)
• Leon Wegner (1824–73), Polish economist and historian, co-founder of PTPN
• Richard Witting (1812–1912), Prussian politician, over-president of Poznań City, 1891–1902

See also

• History of Poland (1795–1918)
• History of Poznań

References