- For the DARPA Autonomous Vehicle challenge see DARPA Grand Challenge. The DARPA Grand Challenge is a prize competition for Driverless cars sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA the most prominent research
Grand Challenges were USA policy terms set as goals in the late 1980s for funding high-performance computing and communications research in part in response to the Japanese 5th Generation (or Next Generation) 10-year project. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the For the Fifth Generation of Chinese filmmakers see Cinema of China-The rise of the Fifth Generation.
"A grand challenge is a fundamental problem in science or engineering, with broad applications, whose solution would be enabled by the application of high performance computing resources that could become available in the near future. Examples of grand challenges are:
- Computational fluid dynamics for
- the design of hypersonic aircraft, efficient automobile bodies, and extremely quiet submarines,
- weather forecasting for short and long term effects,
- efficient recovery of oil, and for many other applications;
- Electronic structure calculations for the design of new materials such as
- chemical catalysts,
- immunological agents, and
- superconductors;
- Plasma dynamics for fusion energy technology and for safe and efficient military technology;
- Calculations to understand the fundamental nature of matter, including quantum chromodynamics and condensed matter theory;
- Symbolic computations including
- speech recognition,
- computer vision,
- natural language understanding,
- automated reasoning, and
- tools for design, manufacturing, and simulation of complex systems. "
"A Research and Development Strategy for High Performance Computing", Executive Office of the President, Office of Science and Technology Policy, November 20, 1987
A list of one liners reads:
Executive Office of the President, Office of Science and Technology Policy, "The Federal High Performance Computing Program," Sept. 1989, pp. 49-50: Appendix A Summary
- Prediction of weather, climate, and global change
- Challenges in materials sciences
- Semiconductor design
- Superconductivity
- Structural biology
- Design of pharmaceutical drugs
- Human genome
- Quantum Chromodynamics
- Astronomy
- Challenges in Transportation
- Vehicle Signature
- Turbulence
- Vehicle dynamics
- Nuclear fusion
- Efficiency of combustion systems
- Enhanced oil and gas recovery
- Computational ocean sciences
- Speech
- Vision
- Undersea surveillance for ASW
See also
- Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, a similar series of research programmes in the EU. The weather is a set of all the phenomena occurring in a given Atmosphere at a given Time. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of Climate change is any long-term significant change in the “average weather” that a given region experiences Materials Science or Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of Science and A semiconductor' is a Solid material that has Electrical conductivity in between a conductor and an insulator; it can vary over that Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain Materials generally at very low Temperatures characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance Structural biology is the branch of Molecular biology concerned with the Architecture and shape of biological Macromolecules especially Proteins The Human Genome Project (HGP was an international Scientific research project with a primary goal to determine the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA Quantum chromodynamics (abbreviated as QCD is a theory of the Strong interaction ( color force a Fundamental force describing the interactions of the Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another In Fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is a fluid regime characterized by chaotic Stochastic property changes In physics the term dynamics customarily refers to the time evolution of physical processes In Physics and Nuclear chemistry, nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple- like charged atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus Combustion or burning is a complex sequence of Exothermic chemical reactions between a Fuel and an Oxidant accompanied by the production of An oil is a substance that is in a viscous Liquid state ( "oily") at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer and is This page is about the physical properties of gas as a state of matter Oceanography (from the greek words Ωκεανός meaning Ocean and γράφω meaning to write also called oceanology or Speech recognition (also known as automatic speech recognition or computer speech recognition) converts spoken words to machine-readable input (for example to keypresses Computer vision is the science and technology of machines that see The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP, are funding programmes created by the The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in
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