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Landscape in the Gran Chaco, Paraguay
Landscape in the Gran Chaco, Paraguay

The Gran Chaco (Quechua chaqu, "hunting land"), dubbed by some as "the last South American frontier", is a sparsely populated, hot and semi-arid lowland region of the Río de la Plata basin, divided between Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and a portion of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only Quechua ( Runa Simi) is a Native American language of South America. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a In physical Geography, a lowland is any broad expanse of land with a general low level The Río de la Plata ( Spanish: " Silver River" &mdash which is often referred to in English-speaking countries as the River Plate The Republic of Bolivia (República de Bolivia) named after Simón Bolívar, is a Landlocked country in central South America. Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Mato Grosso ('matu 'gɾosu is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest in area, located in the western part of the country

Contents

Geography

Very approximate location and borders of the Gran Chaco. The natural border to the west is the Andes and, to the east, the Paraguay River. Northern and southern borders are a bit less well-defined. (Underlying map taken from the CIA World Factbook)
Very approximate location and borders of the Gran Chaco. The natural border to the west is the Andes and, to the east, the Paraguay River. Northern and southern borders are a bit less well-defined. (Underlying map taken from the CIA World Factbook)

The Chaco is about 647,500 square kilometres in size, though estimates differ, and located west of the Paraguay River and east of the Andes, near the Altiplan plateau in Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The Paraguay River ( Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese) is a major River in south central South America The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. It stretches from about 17° to 33° South latitude and between 65° and 60° West longitude, though estimates differ in this case too. Closer to the mountains in the west, the Alto Chaco, or Dry Chaco, is very dry and sparsely vegetated, but going eastward to the Bajo Chaco, or Humid Chaco, one encounters lots of thornbrush jungle with quebracho trees and grassy clearings with a wealth of insects. Schinopsis lorentzii is a hardwood Tree, native of the Paraguayan subtropical area which forms forests in Gran Chaco region of Argentina The landscape is mostly flat and slopes at a 0. 004 degree gradient to the east. This area is also one of the distinct physiographic provinces of the Parana-Paraguay Plain division.

The area is mostly inhabitable only in the east and west of the Paraguay River. It is a great source of timber and tannin, which is derived from the native quebracho tree. Lumber or timber is Wood in any of its stages from felling through readiness for use as structural Material for Construction, or Tannins are Astringent, bitter plant Polyphenols that either bind and Precipitate or shrink Proteins The astringency from the tannins is what Special tannin factories have been constructed there. The wood of the palo santo from the Central Chaco, is the source of oil of guaiac (a fragrance for soap). Bulnesia sarmientoi is a tree that inhabits a part of the Gran Chaco area in South America, around the Argentina - Bolivia - Oil of guaiac is a Fragrance used in Soap. It comes from the palo santo tree ( Bulnesia sarmientoi) SOAP (see below for name and origins is a protocol for exchanging XML -based messages over Computer networks normally using Paraguay also cultivated mate in the lower part of the Chaco. .

History

Gran Chaco was a disputed territory since 1810. Officially, it was supposed to be part of Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay, although a bigger land portion west of the Paraguay river corresponded to Paraguay since its independence. Argentina claimed territories south of the Bermejo River. However, Bolivia began to push the natives out and settle there while Paraguay ignored it. It was the scene of The Gran Chaco War (1932-1935) (though violence started as early as December 5, 1928) between Paraguay and Bolivia over supposed oil in the Chaco Boreal (a region north of the Pilcomayo River and to the west of the Paraguay River). The Chaco War (1932&ndash1935 was fought between Bolivia and Paraguay over control of a great part of the Gran Chaco region of South America Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Río Pilcomayo is a river in the central parts of South America, longest western tributary of the Paraguay River, and its watershed extends across 270000 km² Bolivia sought the Paraguay River for shipping oil out into the sea (it had become a land-locked country after the loss of its Pacific coast in the War of the Pacific) and Paraguay claimed ownership of the land. The War of the Pacific, sometimes called the Saltpeter War in reference to its original cause was fought between Chile and the joint forces of Bolivia Eventually, a treaty was signed in 1938 which gave Paraguay three quarters of Chaco Boreal and gave Bolivia a corridor to the Paraguay River with the ability to use the Puerte Cosado and the right to construct their own port. In the end, oil was not found there.

Mennonites came into the Paraguayan part of the region from Canada in the 1920s; more came from the USSR in the 1930s, and even more from the USSR after World War 1. The Mennonites are a group of Christian Anabaptist denominations named after Menno Simons (1496&ndash1561 though his teachings were a relatively Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All They created some of the largest population centers in the Gran Chaco.

In the 1960s the trans-Chaco highway was built.

Flora and fauna

The Gran Chaco has some of the highest temperatures on the continent

The ecosystems of the Gran Chaco are unique, and were little understood by scientists until recent years. An ecosystem is a natural unit consisting of all plants animals and micro-organisms( Biotic factors in an area functioning together with all of the non-living physical ( These ecosystems are slowly being destroyed by civilization with the introduction of cattle, burning of vegetation and irresponsible agricultural decisions. Many groups are trying to protect this unique set of ecosystems.

The Chacoan Peccary (Catagonus wagneri), which was discovered in the 1970’s, is a large mammal endemic to the Chaco. The Chacoan Peccary ( Catagonus wagneri) is the closest living relative to the Extinct Genus Platygonus. Endemism is the Ecological state of being unique to a place Endemic species are not naturally found elsewhere The Chaco is a center of Armadillo diversity, with at least eight species in the Argentinean Chaco and ten species in the Paraguayan Chaco. Armadillos are small Placental Mammals known for having a leathery armor shell

In September 1995, the Kaa Iya del Gran Chaco National Park was established in an area of the Chaco in Bolivia. It is administered and was established solely by the indigenous peoples which include the Izoceño Guaraní, the Ayoreode, and the Chiquitano. Guaraní are a group of culturally related indigenous peoples of South America, distinguished from the related Tupi by their use of the Guaraní language

Provinces/departments in the Gran Chaco

Regions of
Argentine Northwest
Gran Chaco
Mesopotamia
Cuyo
Pampas
Patagonia
Antártida Argentina
(Antartctic territorial
claim suspended by
the Antarctic Treaty)
v • d • e

Indigenous peoples of the Gran Chaco

References

External links

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