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For other uses, see Gouda (disambiguation).
Gouda
Flag of Gouda
Flag		 Coat of arms of Gouda
Coat of arms
Location of Gouda
Coordinates: 52°01′N 4°42′E / 52.02, 4.7
Country Netherlands (Nederland)
Province South Holland (Zuid Holland)
Area (2006)
 - Total 18. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands South Holland ( Dutch:) is a province situated on the North Sea in the western part of the Netherlands. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 10 km² (7 sq mi)
 - Land 16. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 92 km² (6. 5 sq mi)
 - Water 1. 19 km² (0. 5 sq mi)
Population (1 January 2007)
 - Total 71,873
 - Density 4,189/km² (10,849. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5/sq mi)
  Source: CBS, Statline. Statistics Netherlands, founded in 1899, is a Dutch governmental institution that gathers statistical information about the Netherlands.
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Website: www.gouda.nl
Gouda's 15th Century Town Hall
Gouda's 15th Century Town Hall
Gouda's Cheese Market
Gouda's Cheese Market

Image:Ltspkr.pngGouda (population 71,797 in 2004) is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands South Holland ( Dutch:) is a province situated on the North Sea in the western part of the Netherlands. Gouda, which was granted city rights in 1272, is famous for its Gouda cheese, smoking pipes and its 15th century city hall. City rights are a medieval phenomenon in the history of the Low Countries. Gouda (ˈgaʊdə or; from Dutch IPA:, or Goudse kaas kaːs "Cheese from Gouda " is a yellow Cheese made from Smoking is a practice where a substance most commonly Tobacco, is burned and the Smoke tasted or inhaled

The town takes its name from the Van der Goude family, who built a fortified castle alongside the banks of the Gouwe River, from which the family took its name. A castle is a defensive structure seen as one of the main symbols of the Middle Ages. The Gouwe is a channelized river in South Holland, the Netherlands The area, originally marshland, developed over the course of two centuries. In Geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of Wetland which is subject By 1225, a canal was linked to the Gouwe and its estuary was transformed into a harbour. Gouda's fabulous array of historic churches and other buildings makes it a very popular day trip destination.

Contents

History

Around the year 1000, the area where Gouda now is located was swampy and covered with a peat forest, crossed by small creeks such as the Gouwe. Gouwe ( is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Opmeer, and lies about 11 km northwest of Hoorn Along the shores of this stream near the current market and city hall, peat harvesting began in the 11th and 12th centuries. Peat is an accumulation of partially Decayed Vegetation matter. In 1139, the name Gouda is first mentioned in a statement from the Bishop of Utrecht. The Archbishopric of Utrecht is the Archbishopric based in the Dutch city of Utrecht.

In the 13th century, the Gouwe was connected to the Oude Rijn (Old Rhine) by means of a canal and its mouth at the Hollandse IJssel was developed into a harbour. For the Oude Rijn branch in Gelderland Province see Oude Rijn (Gelderland. The Hollandse IJssel (" Holland IJssel" as opposed to the 'regular' or Gelderland IJssel) is a branch of the Rhine delta Castle Gouda was built to protect this harbour. This shipping route was used for trade between Flanders and France with Holland and the Baltic Sea. Flanders (Vlaanderen Flandre Flandern is a geographical region located in parts of present day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Holland is a region in the western part of the Netherlands. A maritime and economic power in the 17th century Holland today consists of the Dutch provinces of The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. In 1272, Floris V, Count of Holland, granted city rights to Gouda, which by then had become an important location. Count Floris V of Holland and Zeeland ( June 24, 1254 &ndash June 27, 1296) "der Keerlen God" (God of the Peasants is one of City rights are a medieval phenomenon in the history of the Low Countries.

Great fires in 1361 and 1438 destroyed the city. In 1572, the city was occupied by Les Gueux (Dutch rebels against the Spanish King) who also committed arson and destruction. Geuzen ( French: Les Gueux, English: the Beggars) was a name assumed by the confederacy of Calvinist Dutch nobles and other malcontents who in In 1577 demolition of Castle Gouda began.

In 1574, 1625, 1636, and 1673, Gouda suffered from deadly Plague epidemics, of which the last one was the most severe: 2995 persons died, constituting 20% of its population [1].

In the last quarter of the 16th century, Gouda had serious economic problems. It recovered in the first half of the 17th century and even prospered between 1665 and 1672. But its economy collapsed again when war broke out in 1672 and the plague decimated the city in 1673, even affecting the pipe industry. After 1700, Gouda enjoyed a period of progress and prosperity until 1730. Then another recession followed, resulting in a long period of decline that lasted well into the 19th century [2]. Gouda was one of the poorest cities in the country during that period, even the terms "Goudaner" and "beggar" were considered synonymous [3].

Starting in 1830, demolition of the city walls began. The last city gate was torn down in 1854. Only from the second half of the 19th century onward, Gouda started to profit from an improved economic condition. New companies, such as Stearine Kaarsenfabriek (Stearine Candle Factory) and Machinale Garenspinnerij (Mechanized Yarn Spinnery), acted as the impetus to its ecomomy. In 1855, the railway Gouda-Utrecht began to operate. Utrecht ( city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. In the beginning of the 20th century, large scale development began, extending the city beyond the its moats. First the new neighbourhoods Korte Akkeren, Kort Haarlem and Kadebuurt were built, followed by Oosterwei, Bloemendaal, and Goverwelle after World War II.

From 1940 on, backfilling of the city moats and canals began: the Nieuwehaven, Raam, Naaierstraat, and Achter de Vismarkt. But because of protests from city dwellers and revised policies of city planners, Gouda did not continue backfilling moats and canals, now considered historically valuable. In 1944, the train station was damaged during an Allied bombardment, killing 8 and wounding 10 persons. This bombardment was intended to destroy the railroad connecting The Hague and Rotterdam to Utrecht. Since 1977, the weekly pig market, the largest in the Netherlands, is no longer held in the city. The domestic Pig (or in some areas hog) is normally given the scientific name Sus scrofa scrofa, though some taxonomists use the term

Economy

Gouda is world famous for its Gouda cheese, which still is traded on its cheese market held each Thursday. Gouda (ˈgaʊdə or; from Dutch IPA:, or Goudse kaas kaːs "Cheese from Gouda " is a yellow Cheese made from It is further well-known for the fabrication of candles, smoking pipes, and syrup waffles. See also Smoking pipe A pipe for Tobacco smoking typically consists of a small chamber (the bowl for the Combustion of the Tobacco Stroopwafels ( ( English translation syrup waffles) are thin Dutch Waffles with a Syrup filling Gouda used to have a considerable linen industry and a number of beer breweries. Linen is a Textile made from the Fibers of the Flax plant Linum usitatissimum.

Gouda cheese is not really made in the city itself but in the surrounding region. Yet it gets its name from being traded in Gouda where the city council provided a serious quality control.

Attractions

The Waag (Scale Building).
The Waag (Scale Building).

"Twin Towns"

Natives of Gouda

References

  1. ^ Duizend jaar Gouda, een stadsgeschiedenis, Hilversum 2002, pgs. Adrianus Petrus Wilhelmus (Ad Melkert ( February 12, 1956) is a Dutch politician who served as chair of the parliamentary party and Minister Eduard "Ed" Franciscus de Goeij, usually referred to as Ed de Goey in the English media (born December 20, 1966 in Gouda, Marco de Goeij (born 1967 is a Dutch composer known for having reconstructed the lost Musical score for the Deep Purple song Concerto for Group The Concerto for Group and Orchestra is a Concerto performed by Deep Purple and The Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Malcolm Arnold Jon Douglas Lord (born in Leicester on June 9, 1941) is an English composer Hammond organ and Piano player Rutger Smith (born July 9, 1981 in Groningen) is a Dutch athlete competing in Shot put and Discus throw, the first athlete Paulien van Deutekom ( The Hague, February 4, 1981) is a Dutch speed skater who is specialised in the middle long distances over Golan Yosef Gouda, August 20, 1984 is a Dutch Actor and Dancer born in Gouda, the Netherlands. 302-303, ISBN 90-6550-717-5
  2. ^ Duizend jaar Gouda, een stadsgeschiedenis, Hilversum 2002, pgs. 364-365, ISBN 90-6550-717-5.
  3. ^ Dr. Jan Schouten, Gouda door de eeuwen, Alphen a/d Rijn 1977, pg. 156.
  4. ^ Harten-Boers, Henny van: The stained-glass windows in the Sint Janskerk at Gouda I

External links

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