| Gouais Blanc | |
|---|---|
| Species: | Vitis vinifera |
| Also called: | Heunisch, Heunisch Weiss (more) |
| Origin: | Croatia |
| Notable regions: | formerly Germany and northern France |
| Notable wines: | None, nearly extinct |
Gouais blanc is a white grape variety that is seldom grown but is important as the ancestor of many French and German wine varieties. Vitis vinifera ( Common Grape Vine) is a species of Vitis, native to the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant Growing regions where Vineyards are planted It is believed to originate in Croatia; in Central Europe it is known as Heunisch Weiss. Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between The name Gouais derives from the old French adjective ‘gou’, a term of derision befitting its traditional status as the grape of the peasants. [1]
Contents |
History
Gouais blanc may have been the grape given to the Gauls by Probus (Roman Emperor 276–282), who was from Pannonia and overturned Domitian's decree banning grape growing north of the Alps. Marcus Aurelius Probus (c August 19, 232 &ndashSeptember/October 282 was a Roman Emperor (276&ndash282 [2] By the Middle Ages it was the most widely grown white grape in northeast France and in Central Europe. Gouais blanc was the grape of the peasantry, growing on the flat land next to the better slopes where the nobility grew Pinot.
Gouais blanc was also grown in the Jura, but phylloxera wiped out the variety in France, and it now survives only in the INRA collection at Domaine de Vassal, Montpellier. Jura wine, is French wine produced in the Jura département. Located between Burgundy and Switzerland, this cool climate This article is about the grape phylloxera For the Genus, see Phylloxera (genus. [2]
Crosses
Having been widely grown in proximity to Pinot, the two varieties had many opportunities to cross. And having such distant origins, those crosses showed hybrid vigour and were widely propagated. Heterosis is a term used in Genetics and Selective breeding. The term heterosis also known as hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement, This unique combination of events means that many grape varieties today have Gouais blanc as a parent, the most famous of which is Chardonnay. Chardonnay is a green-skinned Grape variety used to make white Wine.
DNA fingerprinting research at the University of California, Davis has also identified Gouais blanc as an ancestor of the Aligoté, Aubin Vert, Auxerrois, Bachet noir, Beaunoir, Franc Noir de la-Haute-Saône, Gamay Blanc Gloriod, Gamay noir, Melon, Knipperlé, Peurion, Roublot, and Sacy grape varieties. The University of California Davis, commonly known as UC Davis, or just UCD, is a public coeducational university located in the city of Davis, Aligoté is a white Grape used to make dry white Wines in the Burgundy region of France, and which also has significant plantings in much Aubin Vert is a White wine grape Cultivar grown in the Lorraine region of France Auxerrois Blanc or Auxerrois Blanc de Laquenexy is a White wine grape that is important in Alsace and is also grown in Germany and Luxembourg Bachet Noir is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. Beaunoir is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. Franc Noir de la Haute-Saône is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. Gamay Blanc Gloriod is an obscure French variety of white wine grape Gamay is a purple-colored Grape variety used to make Red wines most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire Valley around Tours Melon de Bourgogne is a variety of white Grape grown in the Loire Valley region of France and best known through its use in the Wine Knipperlé is a traditional French variety of white wine grape from Alsace. Peurion is a traditional French variety of white wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. Roublot is a traditional French variety of white wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. Sacy is a white Wine Grape grown primarily in the northeast of France within the Yonne department. [3] Dameron is another result of the same cross, whereas a cross with Pinot fin teinturier produced Romorantin. Dameron is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Gamay. Teinturier, a French language term meaning to Dye or Stain, is a Wine term applied to Grapes whose flesh and juice is red Romorantin is a traditional French variety of white wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. [4]
It produced Petit Meslier and Aubin when pollinated by Traminer/Savagnin, and Riesling and Elbling when pollinated by a cross of a wild grape with Traminer. Petit Meslier is a rare white wine grape that is a minor component of some Champagne blends Aubin Blanc (or simply Aubin) is a white wine grape from the upper reaches of the Moselle valley in eastern France Savagnin or Savagnin Blanc is a variety of white Wine Grape with green-skinned berries Riesling is a white Grape variety which originates in the Rhine region of Germany. Elbling is a variety of white Grape (sp Vitis vinifera) which today is primarily grown in the upstream parts of the Mosel region in [4]
When pollinated by Chenin Blanc it produced Colombard, Balzac blanc and Meslier Saint François, and with Bastardo (Tressot) it produced Genouillet. Chenin blanc, or Pineau de la Loire, is a variety of white Wine Grape from the Loire valley of France Colombard is an early fruiting white variety of Wine Grape, better known as French Colombard in North America. Bastardo ( Trousseau Noir, Tressot) is an old variety of red wine Grape. [4]
Distribution and Wines
As mentioned above, Gouais Blanc now survives only as a museum curiosity. Since the Middle Ages there have been regular attempts to ban the peasants' grape from the soils of France, which probably says something about its winemaking qualities. [1] Gouais Blanc continues to be commercially grown at several vineyard in Switzerland. See www. chanton. ch for one location.
Vine and Viticulture
On the other hand the bans failed, which says something about how easy it is to grow.
Synonyms
Absenger, Bauernweinbeer, Bauernweinbeere Weiss, Bauernweintraube, Belina, Belina Debela, Belina Drobna, Best's N°4, Blanc De Serres, Boarde, Bogatyur, Bon Blanc, Bordenauer, Borzenauer, Bouillan, Bouillaud, Bouilleaud, Bouillen, Bouillenc, Bourgeois, Bourguignon, Branestraube, Branne, Burgegger Weiss, Burger, Cagnas, Cagnou, Champagner Langstielig, Colle, Coulis, Dickweisser, Dickwiss, Enfarine Blanc, Esslinger, Figuier, Foirard Blanc, Foirard Blanc, Frankenthaler, Gau, Gauche Blanc, Geuche Blanc, Goe, Goet, Gohet, Goi, Goin, Goix, Got, Gouai, Gouais Blanc, Gouais Jaune, Gouais Long, Gouais Rond, Gouas, Gouaulx, Gouay, Gouche, Gouche, Gouche Blanche, Goue, Gouest, Gouest Sauge, Gouet Blanc, Gouette, Gouge, Gouget Blanc, Gouillaud, Gouis De Mardeuil, Gousse, Grauhuensch, Grobe, Grobes, Grobheunisch, Grobweine, Grobweisse, Gros Blanc, Grünling, Guay Jaune, Gueche Blanc, Guest Salviatum, Gueuche Blanc, Guillan, Guinlan, Guy, Guy Blanc, Gwaess, Harthuensch, Hartuensch, Heinisch, Heinish, Heinsch, Heinschen Weiss, Hennische Weiss, Hensch, Heunisch Blanc, Heunisch Weisser, Heunischtraube, Heunish Weiss, Heunsch, Heunscher, Heunschler, Heunschlir, Hinschen, Hinschene, Hintsch, Huensch, Huenschene, Huentsch, Hunnentraube, Hunsch, Hunschrebe, Huntsch, Hyntsch, Issal, Issol, Kleinbeer, Kleinberger, Laxiertraube, Lombard Blanc, Luxiertraube, Mehlweisse, Mehlweisse Gruen, Mendic, Moreau Blanc, Mouillet, Nargouet, Pendrillart Blanc, Petit Gouge, Pichons, Plant De Sechex, Plant Madame, Plant Seche, President, Regalaboue, Riesling Grob, Rous Hette, Roussaou Blanc, Rudeca Belina, Saboule Boey, Sadoule Boey, Sadoulo Bouyer, Seestock Grob, Stajerska Belina, Tejer Szozeloe, Thalburger, Trompe Bouvier, Trompe Valet, Verdet, Verdin Blanc, Vionnier, Weisse Traube, Weisser Heunisch, Weissgrobe, Weissheinsch, Weissstock, Weisstock, Wippacher, Zoeld Hajnos [4]
See also
Notes and references
- ^ a b Meredith, Carole. Gouais blanc is a white grape variety that is seldom grown but is important as the ancestor of many French and German wine varieties Carole P Meredith is an American Grape Geneticist who was a Professor at the Department of Viticulture and Enology of University The Origin of Chardonnay. University of Burgundy. Retrieved on 2007-08-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708)
- ^ a b Lecture by Carole Meredith on the origins of grape varieties
- ^ Oz Clarke Encyclopedia of Grapes pg 112 Harcourt Books 2001 ISBN 0151007144
- ^ a b c d Maul, Erika; Töpfer, Reinhard; Eibach, Rudolf (2007). Vitis International Variety Catalogue. Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (IRZ), Siebeldingen, Germany. Retrieved on 2007-08-29. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708)
Further reading
- Robinson, Jancis (1992). Jancis Mary Robinson OBE, MW (born in Cumbria on April 22 1950) is a British Wine Critic, journalist Vines, Grapes and Wines: The Wine Drinker's Guide to Grape Varieties. Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1857329995.
- Robinson, Jancis (2006). Jancis Mary Robinson OBE, MW (born in Cumbria on April 22 1950) is a British Wine Critic, journalist The Oxford Companion to Wine, third edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860990-6. .
External links
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