Gotham City is a fictional city appearing in DC Comics, and is best known as the home of Batman. Fiction is the telling of stories which are not real More specifically fiction is an imaginative form of Narrative, one of the four basic Rhetorical modes. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-Man and still referred to at times as the Batman) is a fictional Comic book Superhero co-created Batman's place of residence was first identified as Gotham City in Batman #4 (Winter 1940). Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-Man and still referred to at times as the Batman) is a fictional Comic book Superhero co-created

Contents 1 Fictional history 2 Atmosphere 2.1 Architecture 2.2 Police and corruption 3 Geography 4 Notable residents 4.1 Mayors in the comic books 4.2 Officers of the law in the comics 5 Notable areas, landmarks, institutions and businesses 5.1 Gotham sports 5.2 Arkham Asylum 6 In other media 6.1 1960s 6.2 1989 movie 6.3 Batman Returns 6.4 Batman Forever/Batman & Robin 6.5 Batman Begins 6.6 Batman: The Animated Series 6.7 Batman Beyond 6.8 The Batman 6.9 Landmarks in other media 6.10 Alternate officers of the law 6.11 Mayors in other media 7 Sister cities 8 References 9 Appearances outside of the comics and Batman media 10 Sources 11 External links

Fictional history

In Swamp Thing #53, Alan Moore wrote a fictional history for Gotham City that other writers have generally followed. The Swamp Thing is a Fictional character created by Len Wein and Berni Wrightson for DC Comics and featured in a long-running horror-fantasy Alan Moore (born November 18 1953 in Northampton) is an English Writer most famous for his influential work in Comics, including the acclaimed According to Moore's tale, a Norwegian mercenary founded Gotham City in 1635 and the British later took it over -- a story that parallels the founding of New York by the Dutch (as New Amsterdam) and later takeover by the British. As early as the 10th century Norse sailors (often referred to as Vikings explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic, including the northeastern fringes of The City of New York New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam was a 17th-century Dutch colonial settlement that later became New York City. During the American Revolutionary War, Gotham City was the site of a major battle and rumors held it to be the site of various occult rites. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" The word occult comes from the Latin word occultus (clandestine hidden secret referring to "knowledge of the hidden"

Shadowpact #5 by Bill Willingham expanded upon Gotham's occult heritage by depicting a being who has slept for 40,000 years beneath the land upon which Gotham City was built. The Shadowpact is a group of magic-based heroes who fought against the Spectre in the 2005 Limited series Day of Vengeance, published Bill Willingham (born December 1956 in Fort Belvoir Virginia) is an American Writer and Artist of Comics. Strega, the being's servant, says that the "dark and often cursed character" of the city was influenced by the being who now uses the name "Doctor Gotham. "

Many storylines have added more events to Gotham's history, at the same time greatly affecting the city and its people. Perhaps the greatest in impact was a long set of serial storylines, which started with Ra's Al Ghul releasing a debilitating virus called the "Clench" during the "Contagion" storyline. Ra's al Ghul, sometimes written Rā's al Ghūl (رأس الغول is a DC Comics Supervillain and an enemy of Batman. "Contagion" is the name of a Story arc that ran through the various Batman "family" comic book series As that arc wrapped, the city was beginning to recover, only to suffer an earthquake measuring 7. 6 on the Richter Scale in "Cataclysm". The Richter magnitude scale, or more correctly local magnitude M L scale assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released Batman Cataclysm is an 18 chapter crossover Story arc that ran through the various Batman family comics from March to May 1998. This resulted in the federal government cutting Gotham off from the rest of the United States in "No Man's Land. Batman No Man’s Land is an American comic book crossover storyline that ran for the whole of 1999 through the Batman comic book " This trio of storylines allowed writers the freedom to redefine the nature and mood of the city. The result suggested a harder city with a more resilient, resourceful, and cynical populace; a more dramatic and varied architecture; and more writing possibilities by attributing new locales to the rebuilding of the city.

The name "Gotham City" is generally associated with Batman and DC Comics, although it also appears in the first Mr. Scarlet story by France Herron and Jack Kirby from Wow Comics #1. Mr Scarlet was a Comic book Superhero originally published by Fawcett Comics, and now owned by DC Comics. Jack Kirby (born Jacob Kurtzberg, August 28, 1917 &ndash February 6, 1994) was an American Comic book Kirby historian Greg Theakston notes that this was published December 13, 1940, shortly before Batman #4 was published. Greg Allen Theakston (born November 21, 1953) is an American Comics artist and illustrator Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-Man and still referred to at times as the Batman) is a fictional Comic book Superhero co-created ^[1]

Atmosphere

In terms of atmosphere, Batman writer and editor Dennis O'Neil has said that, figuratively, "Batman's Gotham City is Manhattan below Fourteenth Street at eleven minutes past midnight on the coldest night in November. Batman is an ongoing Comic book series featuring the DC Comics Hero of the same name. Dennis O'Neil (often credited as Denny O'Neil) is a Comic book Writer and editor, principally for Marvel Comics and DC Comics "^[2]

Gotham City's atmosphere took on a lighter tone in the comics of the 1950s and part of the 1960s, similar to the tone of Batman stories of that era. However, by the early 1970s the tone of the city, as well as that of the stories, had become grittier. Today, including in the newest Christopher Nolan movies such as Batman Begins, the portrayal of Gotham is a dark and foreboding metropolis rife with crime, grime, corruption, and a deep-seated sense of urban decay. Christopher Jonathan James Nolan (born July 30 1970 is a Film director, writer and producer. Batman Begins is a 2005 American Superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, directed by Urban decay is a process by which a City, or a part of a city falls into a state of disrepair

Architecture

Different artists have depicted Gotham in different ways. But they often base their interpretations on various real architectural periods and styles, with exaggerated characteristics, such as massively multi-tiered flying buttresses on cathedrals, or the huge Art Deco and Art Nouveau statuary seen in Tim Burton's movie version. Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international

Within the Batman mythos, the person cited as being influential in promoting the unique architecture of Gotham City during the pre-American Civil War era was Judge Solomon Wayne, Bruce Wayne's ancestor. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South His campaign to reform Gotham came to a head when he met a young architect named Cyrus Pinkney. Wayne commissioned Pinkney to design and to build the first "Gotham Style" structures in what became the center of the city's financial district. The "Gotham Style" idea of the writers matches parts of the Gothic Revival in style and timing. The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began In a 1992 storyline, a man obsessed with Pinkney's architecture blew up several Gotham buildings in order to reveal the Pinkney structures they had hidden; the editorial purpose behind this was to transform the city depicted in the comics to resemble the designs created by Anton Furst for the 1989 Batman film. Anton Furst (born Anthony Francis Furst ( May 6, 1944 – November 24, 1991) was a distinguished Production designer who won an ^[3][4][5]

After "No Man's Land", Lex Luthor took the challenge of rebuilding Gotham City after the events of "Cataclysm". Lex Luthor is a fictional character that appears in comic books published by DC Comics. Gotham's old Art-deco and Gothic structures were replaced with modern glass skyscrapers and buildings.

Police and corruption

A common theme in stories set in Gotham is the rampant and recurring corruption within the city's civil authorities and infrastructure, most notably within the Gotham City Police Department. The Gotham City Police Department (GCPD is a Fictional Police department servicing Gotham City in the DC Universe. During stories set early in Batman's career (most notably "Batman: Year One"), Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb was depicted as having his hands in many pockets. Batman Year One is the title of an American Comic book Story arc written by Frank Miller, illustrated by David Mazzucchelli However, Batman found evidence for conspiracy charges, forcing Loeb to resign his position. In the Criminal law, a conspiracy is an agreement between Natural persons to break the law at some time in the future and in some cases with at least one overt act Later stories depicted subsequent commissioners as also being corruptible, or open to various forms of influence. In other stories, Batman has had to take on crooked cops, either acting in collusion with supervillains, working for the mob, or on their own. Later stories, featuring James Gordon as the new Commissioner, show the two characters often uniting to purge corruption from the force. James Worthington "Jim" Gordon is a Fictional character who appears in Comic books published by DC Comics. Commissioner is a designation that may be used for a variety of official positions especially referring to a high-ranked public (administrative or Police) official or an analogous Gordon was the commissioner for about 9 to 10 years of continuity, then retired, handing the police force over to his replacement, Commissioner Akins. Michael Akins is a Fictional character in DC Comics ' Batman comics series Recent stories have returned Gordon to the position of Commissioner, unfortunately to find corruption taking a greater hold since his departure.

Geography

Gotham City's geography, like other fictional cities' geographies in the DC Universe, has varied over the decades, because of changing writers, editors and storylines. At various times the depiction has Gotham on the shores of "Lake Gotham". The majority of appearances, however, place Gotham on the eastern coast of the United States.

Maps shown in various comics have depicted the city in different places. Many of the maps directly use Manhattan, Vancouver, and other real coastlines as their basis, while others are completely original. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal One map showing Gotham City in relation to Metropolis, the home of Superman, published in New Adventures of Superboy #22 (October 1981), placed Gotham City and Metropolis on opposite sides of a large bay. Metropolis is a Fictional city that appears in Comic books published by DC Comics, and is the home of Superman. Superman is a fictional Comic book Superhero widely considered to be one of the most recognized of such characters and an American Cultural icon Superboy is the name of several Fictional characters that have been published by DC Comics, most of them youthful incarnations of Superman. In Swamp Thing vol. 2, #53 (October 1986) the geography of Rhode Island was the basis of another map of Gotham City. Rhode Island ( officially named the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States The current definitive maps of Gotham City are those based on the ones produced for the "No Man's Land" story arc. Director Christopher Nolan commissioned a map of Gotham for his movie Batman Begins that also used the "No Man's Land" map as a basis. The airport was moved to the Northeast, Narrows Island was inserted between Midtown and Downtown, and Wayne Tower was moved to Midtown, about where the "54" marker on the map to the left is located.

The distance between Gotham City and Metropolis has varied over the years, ranging everywhere from being hundreds of miles apart to being twin cities on opposite sides of a large bay. Twin cities are a special case of two cities or urban centres which are born in close geographic proximity and then grow into each other over time Headlands and bays are two related features of the coastal environment Blüdhaven, a city that for several years was home to Nightwing, is located near Gotham City. Blüdhaven is a Fictional city in the. Created by Chuck Dixon and Scott McDaniel in 1996 it was originally intended to serve as a backdrop for the Richard John "Dick" Grayson is a fictional Superhero that appears in Comic books published by DC Comics. Additionally, the Seven Soldiers of Victory series Klarion the Witch Boy, calls New York City the "Cinderella City", referring to nearby Metropolis and Gotham as its "ugly stepsisters". The Seven Soldiers of Victory (also known as Law's Legionnaires) is a fictional team of Comic book Superheroes in the DC Comics universe Klarion the Witch Boy is a Fictional character in the DC Comics universe character first seen in the pages of The Demon in 1973

One older theory was proposed by Mark Gruenwald, who later went on to be a major writer/editor at Marvel Comics, and published in the 1970s in the DC house fanzine, The Amazing World of DC Comics in an issue dedicated to the Justice League. Mark E Gruenwald ( June 18 1953 - August 12 1996) was an American Comic book writer and editor Marvel Comics is an American comic book company owned by Marvel Publishing Inc A fanzine (see also Zine) is a nonprofessional publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon (such as a literary or musical genre for the pleasure The Justice League sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short is a Fictional DC Comics superhero team. Gruenwald suggested that Gotham City is located somewhere in the state of New Jersey while Metropolis is located in close vicinity to Washington, D. C.

Man-Bat #3 refers to Gotham City being in the Central Time zone. Man-Bat (real name Robert Kirkland "Kirk" Langstrom) is a Fictional character in the DC Universe, who first appeared in Detective Comics The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving

According to the Planetary/Batman one-shot, a Gotham City also exists in the Wildstorm universe. Planetary is an American Comic book series created by Warren Ellis (writer and John Cassaday (artist published by the Wildstorm WildStorm Productions, or simply WildStorm, (sometimes rendered Wildstorm) is a publishing Imprint and studio of American Comic book It is similar to its DC Universe counterpart, but is not usually home to costumed vigilantes. The DC Universe ( DCU) is the fictional Shared universe where most of the comic stories published by DC Comics take place In Captain Atom: Armageddon Gotham City does not exist in the Wildstorm universe. Captain Atom is a fictional Comic book Superhero. Created by writer Joe Gill and artist/co-writer Steve Ditko, he first appeared in

The Atlas of the DC Universe, published in 1990 by Mayfair Games Inc. as a supplement to the DC Heroes role-playing game (under license from DC Comics), places Gotham City in southern New Jersey (and Metropolis in Delaware). This source, never officially recognized by DC Comics, has since been contradicted with regards to other locations.

In the Batgirl series, as well as in the Vertigo Comics' Sandman series, Gotham is implied to be an entire state, analgous to New York, with Gotham City as its capital. Batgirl is the name of several Fictional characters appearing in Comic books published by DC Comics, depicted as female counterparts to the Superhero Vertigo is an Imprint of the American Comic-book publisher DC Comics. The Sandman is a Comic book series written by Neil Gaiman and published in the United States by the DC Comics imprint Vertigo In both cases, the book refers to "Upstate Gotham".

A Gotham City driver's licence shown in Batman: Shadow of the Bat annual #1, contains the line "Gotham City, NJ", placing Gotham City in New Jersey. Batman Shadow of the Bat was a Comic book series featuring Batman published by DC Comics.

Detective Comics #503 (June 1983) includes several references suggesting Gotham City is in or near New Jersey. Detective Comics is an American comic book published monthly by DC Comics since 1937 best-known for introducing the iconic Superhero Batman A location on the Jersey Shore is described as "twenty miles north of Gotham. " Robin and Batgirl drive from a "secret New Jersey airfield" to Gotham City and then drive on the "Hudson County Highway. " Hudson County is the name of an actual New Jersey county. Hudson County is in New Jersey, United States. Its County seat is Jersey City.

On a viral website of the movie The Dark Knight, it depicts the train routes in a map^[6] showing some of the streets and even the airport.

Notable residents

Many comic book series and characters are set in Gotham. The most notable characters are Batman and Robin. Some of the most prominent characters directly connected to Batman whose adventures are set in Gotham are Nightwing, Huntress, Barbara Gordon and most recently Batwoman. The Huntress is a name used by several characters in DC Comics. Barbara "Babs" Gordon is a Fictional character appearing in Comic books published by DC Comics and in related media created by Gardner Fox Batwoman (originally referred to as The Bat-Woman) is a fictional character and female counterpart to the superhero Batman, created by Bob Kane and

Other DC characters have also been depicted to be living in Gotham, including Jason Blood, Ragman, The Question, Plastic Man, Zatara and Zatanna, Simon Dark, and Tommy Monaghan, the anti-hero Hitman. The Demon is a DC Comics Superhero series created by prolific Comic book writer-artist Jack Kirby. Ragman is a fictional mystic vigilante and Superhero who first appeared in the short-lived series named after him The Question is the name used by a number of Comic book Superheroes in the DC Comics universe. Plastic Man ( Patrick "Eel" O'Brian) is a fictional Comic-book Superhero originally published by Quality Comics and later This article is about Giovanni "John" Zatara For his nephew see Zachary Zatara. Zatanna Zatara is a fictional character in the DC Comics universe. Hitman is a violent darkly humorous sentimental and occasionally romantic Comic book published by DC Comics, written by Garth Ennis and illustrated The superhero teams Section 8 and the Justice Society of America are also shown operating in Gotham City. Section 8 is a Fictional superhero team published by DC Comics. The Justice Society of America, or JSA, is a DC Comics Superhero group the first team of superheroes in Comic book history

Within the DC Universe continuity, Batman is not the first hero in Gotham. Stories featuring Alan Scott, the Golden Age Green Lantern, set before and during World War II depict Scott living in Gotham, and later depictions^[7] show him running his Gotham Broadcasting Corporation. Alan Scott is a Fictional character, a Superhero from the DC Comics universe and the first superhero to bear the name Green Lantern The Golden Age of Comic Books was a period in the history of American comic books generally thought as lasting from the 1930s until late 1940s during which Comic books World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Additionally, the Justice Society of America, Doctor Fate, and the Golden Age Black Canary have been depicted as operating in Gotham. Doctor Fate (also known by the Diminutive, Fate) is the name of a succession of fictional sorcerers who appear within DC Comics ' universe Black Canary is a Fictional character, a DC Comics superheroine. Black Canary's daughter, the Modern Age Black Canary, is based in Gotham through much of the Birds of Prey series. The Modern Age of Comic Books is an informal name for the period in the history of mainstream American comic books generally considered to last from the mid-1980s until Birds of Prey is a Comic book published by DC Comics that features the adventures of the superhero Oracle and her group of superheroines. Arella (formerly Angela Roth), a supporting character in Teen Titans and mother of Titan member Raven, is shown in flashback to have resided in Gotham City as a teenager. In the Teen Titans comics and animated universe Angela Roth, commonly called Arella, is the pacifist mother of the Superhero psychic For an overview of the Teen Titans team (including more details on the comics listed below see Teen Titans Various Superhero groups by the name Teen Titans Raven is a Fictional character that appears in Comic books published by DC Comics.

Apart from Gotham's superhero residents, the residents of the city feature in a back-up series in Detective Comics called "Tales of Gotham City" and in two limited series called Gotham Nights. A superhero (sometimes rendered super-hero or super hero) is a Fictional character "of unprecedented physical prowess dedicated to acts of derring-do Detective Comics is an American comic book published monthly by DC Comics since 1937 best-known for introducing the iconic Superhero Batman A limited series is a term originated by Marvel Comics referring to a Comic book series with a set number of issues Additionally, the Gotham City Police Department is the focus of the series Gotham Central. Gotham Central is a Police procedural Comic book

Mayors in the comic books

Several mayors of Gotham have appeared in the comic book series that collectively form the "Batman Family" of titles:

Main article: List of mayors of Gotham City

Officers of the law in the comics

Main article: Gotham City Police Department

Notable areas, landmarks, institutions and businesses

Main article: Notable areas, landmarks, institutions and businesses of Gotham City

Gotham City is a major economic center within the United States of the DC Universe; its important industries include: manufacturing; shipping; finance; fine arts, represented by its numerous museums, galleries, and jewelers; and the production of giant novelty props. The DC Universe ( DCU) is the fictional Shared universe where most of the comic stories published by DC Comics take place Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale Shipping is physical process of Transporting goods and Cargo. The field of finance refers to the concepts of Time, Money and Risk and how they are interrelated Fine art is any Art form developed primarily for Aesthetics rather than Utility. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Jewellery (also spelled jewelry, see spelling differences) is a personal Ornament, such as a necklace ring or bracelet made from Gemstones In addition to its commercial seaport, it also supports a naval shipyard. ||-||-|-||-||-||-||-||-||-|} A port is a facility for receiving Ships and transferring cargo Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ships These can be Yachts military

Major businesses based in Gotham City include its most noteworthy corporation: Wayne Enterprises, which specializes in various industrial aspects and advanced technological research and development.

Noteworthy newspapers in Gotham City include the Gotham Gazette. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. In the Silver Age comics, the editor-in-chief of Metropolis newspaper The Daily Planet, Perry White, had once worked for the Gazette early in his career. The Silver Age of Comic Books was a period of artistic advancement and commercial success in mainstream American comic books predominantly those featuring the Superhero Editing Language, Images or Sound through correction condensation organization and other modifications in various media The Daily Planet is a Fictional Broadsheet Newspaper that appears in Superman stories published by DC Comics. Perry White is a Fictional character who appears in the Superman comics.

Gotham sports

• Baseball: The city's baseball team, the Gotham Goliaths, is a pun on the actual New York Giants. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The San Francisco Giants are a Major League Baseball team based in, that currently play in the National League West Division. Other proposed team names include the Gotham City Eagles (cross-town rivals as seen on Batman (TV series)) and the Gotham Knights (in Greg Rucka's novel Batman: No Man's Land). Batman is a 1960s American Television series, based on the DC Comic book character of the same name. Gregory Rucka (born November 29, 1969) is an American Writer of novels and Comic books He is married to fellow comic writer Batman No Man’s Land is an American comic book crossover storyline that ran for the whole of 1999 through the Batman comic book The comic based on The Batman, The Batman Strikes, calls Gotham's baseball team, the Gotham Guardians

• Basketball: The Gotham Gators are the city's professional basketball team as seen on The Batman. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m The Batman was an Emmy Award -winning American Animated Television series produced by Warner Bros

• American football: The Gotham Knights are the local football team, as seen on Batman: The Animated Series Episode #024 - "Fear of Victory". American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with Batman The Animated Series (often shortened Batman TAS or BTAS) is an American, two time Emmy Award winning

Arkham Asylum

Main article: Arkham Asylum

Arkham Asylum is the primary but involuntary residence of many of Batman's foes. The Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane is a Fictional setting a Psychiatric hospital in the DC Comics Universe, usually in stories featuring Dennis O'Neil named Arkham Asylum as an homage to the works of H. P. Lovecraft. Howard Phillips Lovecraft ( August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an American author of horror, fantasy For years, artists have rendered it predominantly as an old and sometimes crumbling structure, but at times some artists have depicted it as a more modern facility (notably, the storyline "The Last Arkham" involved Jeremiah Arkham tearing down the old asylum and replacing it with a modern structure more akin to a supermax prison). Its exterior and interior appearances often change to match the moods and needs of the creative team. In some stories, the rooms have the stereotypical white padded walls of a mental hospital, in others the brick or stone cells of an old-fashioned asylum, and in still others the glass and steel private rooms of a modern hospital. The suggestion often made is that its history in the city reaches back to the early part of the 20th century, and that its manager is always a member of the Arkham family. Its current manager is Jeremiah Arkham, the nephew of founder Amadeus Arkham. Perhaps the most notable trait of Arkham is that many writers have placed a seeming revolving door on it, whereby Batman's villains either escape or are freed very shortly after being admitted, allowing writers to use them without complications. Characters often comment on this situation, either comically or seriously remarking on the need for better security and care at Arkham.

In other media

1960s

The 1960s live-action Batman television series never specified Gotham's location. Batman is a 1960s American Television series, based on the DC Comic book character of the same name. The related theatrical movie, however, showed Gotham to have a harbor and a beach. Batman (also known as Batman The Movie) is a 1966 film spin-off of the popular ''Batman'' television series, and was the first One episode refers to Gotham Rock, implying a location analogous to Boston. ^[8]

Although the setting for the series was Gotham City (as with virtually all Batman serials), several New York City locations are noted throughout the series. The City of New York Among them are the New York Public Library Central Research Building on West 42nd Street, Central Park, and Foley Square in Lower Manhattan. The New York Public Library ( NYPL) is one of the leading public libraries of the world and is one of America's most significant Research libraries. Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually Foley Square is a green space in Lower Manhattan, New York City. Lower Manhattan (or downtown Manhattan) is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the Portions of the 1966 film also were shot on location in NYC.

1989 movie

In the opening lines of the Sam Hamm screenplay to the 1989 film version, Gotham is described as Hell erupted through the pavement and built a city (similar to a Pandæmonium, or the capital of hell, from the terms of John Milton). Sam Hamm (born November 19, 1955) is an American Screenwriter, perhaps best known for writing the screenplays for the Tim Burton Pandæmonium is the capital of Hell in the Epic poem Paradise Lost by the 17th century English poet John Milton. John Milton ( 9 December, 1608 – 8 November, 1674) was an English Poet, Prose Polemicist and The logic in screenplay is when elevators were utilized for taller structures, the buildings over a few stories were built around the existing structures of Gotham Town. These skyscapers cast a shadow over the city coupled with the smoke from Gotham's industry kept the city in perpetual dusk.

A map of Gotham City used in the film Batman (1989) was actually an inverted map of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Batman is a 1989 Superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Events Actress Kim Basinger and her brother Mick purchase Braselton Georgia for $20 million Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page In the same movie, a map of the Axis Chemical plant was actually a map of the Capitol Hill neighborhood in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. Axis Chemicals (or Ace Chemical Processing Inc) is a fictional Chemical plant in the first Batman film and in DC Comics.

Anton Furst did the production design for the first Batman film directed by Tim Burton^[9]. Anton Furst (born Anthony Francis Furst ( May 6, 1944 – November 24, 1991) was a distinguished Production designer who won an Timothy "Tim" William Burton (born August 25 1958 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and Set designer, notable for the quirky Anton Furst's set designs for the Batman movie were an attempt to imagine what might have happened to New York City had there been no planning commission and had it been run by pure extortion and crime. Hence, there were no height restrictions, the skyscrapers were cantilevered toward the street rather than away, there were lots of bridges over the streets. In return, the city appeared to be extremely dark and claustrophobic. Burton even stated himself that his take on Gotham was "As if Hell came sprouting out of the concrete and kept right on growing. "

The individual buildings in Furst's version of Gotham were based on a whole host of influences. The cathedral was based on Antoni Gaudí's Sagrada Família, the Flugelheim Museum exterior was based on the work of Shin Takamatsu, and some of the other influences were Otto Wagner, Norman Foster, and Albert Speer. This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral The Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família (official Catalan nameTemplo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia "Expiatory Temple of the Holy Family" often simply Otto Koloman Wagner ( 13 July 1841 – 11 April 1918) was an Austrian Architect. Norman Robert Foster Baron Foster of Thames Bank, OM, FRIBA, RDI, (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, commonly known as Albert Speer ( 19 March 1905 - 1 September 1981 was an Architect, author and for part of World ^[10] In essence, Furst deliberately mixed clashing architectural styles to make Gotham City the ugliest and bleakest metropolis imaginable.

For Wayne Manor, Knebworth House, a Gothic Tudor mansion 28 miles north of London was used for the exterior. In DC Comics, Wayne Manor is a Fictional setting the personal residence of Bruce Wayne who is also Batman. Knebworth House is a Country house in the civil parish of Knebworth in Hertfordshire, England. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The interior however, is Hatfield House, Hertfordshire. Hatfield House is a Country house set in a large park the Great Park on the eastern side of the town of Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England. Hertfordshire (ˈhɑːtfədʃə(r, abbreviated Herts) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of

The flag of Gotham City closely resembles the state flag of Indiana. The flag of Indiana was designed by Paul Hadley and officially adopted by the state of Indiana on May 31, 1917. It can be seen briefly in Harvey Dent's office. This article is about the DC comics villain For the Nigerian musician see 2face Idibia.

See also: Batman (1989 film)#Design

Batman Returns

For Tim Burton's second Batman film, Batman Returns^[11] (1992), Bo Welch took over the production design^[12] duties from Anton Furst. Batman Returns is a 1992 Superhero film directed by Tim Burton. The year 1992 in film involved many significant films (For more about films in foreign languages check sources in those languages Robert W "Bo" Welch III (born November 30, 1951 in Yardley Pennsylvania) is an American motion picture production designer and director Welch for the most part, based his designs on Furst's concepts. ^[13] Whereas Anton Furst's designs showed a considerable amount of sinister visual grandeur, Bo Welch's designs had a more whimsical approach. ^[14][15][16]

At least 50% of the Warner Brothers lot was taken up with Gotham City sets. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and The massive Gotham City sets were all constructed to be mobile, and were often shifted between days of filming. Michelle Pfeiffer (Catwoman) routinely got lost on her way to filming each day. Michelle Marie Pfeiffer ( IPA: /mɪˈʃɛl ˈfаɪfɜr/ born April 29 1958 is an American Actress. Catwoman is a Fictional character associated with DC Comics ' Batman franchise.

See also: Batman Returns#Filming

Batman Forever/Batman & Robin

When Joel Schumacher took over directing the Batman films from Tim Burton, Barbara Ling handled the production design for both of Schumacher's films (1995's Batman Forever^[17][18] and 1997's Batman & Robin^[19][20]). Batman Returns is a 1992 Superhero film directed by Tim Burton. Joel Schumacher (born August 29, 1939 in New York City) is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer The year 1995 in film involved some significant events Events March 22 - The Dogme 95 movement is officially announced in Paris See also Batman Forever (score, Batman Forever (soundtrack, Batman Forever (video game, Batman Forever The Arcade Game Batman The year 1997 in film involved some significant events Events Summer - Production begins on Star Wars Episode I The Phantom Menace " Batman & Robin " is a 1997 film from the Batman film series starring George Clooney as Batman, Chris O'Donnell returning Ling's vision of Gotham City was a luminous and marvelously outlandish evocation of Modern expressionism. Modern expressionism is an alternative term for Symbolism. Visual artists described as modern expressionist include the South African Gerard Sekoto, whose work in ^[21] Its futuristic-like concepts (to a certain extent, akin to the 1982 film Blade Runner^[22]) appeared to be sort of a cross between Manhattan and the "Neo-Tokyo" of Akira. Futurist architecture (or Futurism) began as an early-20th century form of architecture characterized by anti-historicism Events June 10 = Steven Spielberg 's Science fiction PG-rating film E Blade Runner is a 1982 American Science fiction Film, directed by Ridley Scott. Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York is a 1988 Japanese animated Film co-written and directed by Katsuhiro Otomo based on his manga of the same name

Batman Forever was going to be shot in Cincinnati, using the old subway tunnel. The exterior of the Gotham City Hippodrome (the arena where the "Flying Graysons" performed their trapeze act) is based on the exterior of Union Terminal, a famous 1930s Art Deco train station in Cincinnati. The Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal, originally Cincinnati Union Terminal, is a passenger Railroad station in the Queensgate neighborhood of ^[23]

Exterior scenes of Wayne Manor for Batman Forever were filmed at the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in Long Island, New York. In DC Comics, Wayne Manor is a Fictional setting the personal residence of Bruce Wayne who is also Batman. The Webb Institute is a specialized private college in Glen Cove New York that has only one program which is undergraduate Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, USA, its western shores directly across from Manhattan, from which the island stretches The production team had to change the school's "W" on the entrance gate because it had an anchor behind it.

The exterior set for Two-Face's hide out in Batman Forever was the same set used in the first disappearance of Max Shreck in Batman Returns. This article is about the DC comics villain For the Nigerian musician see 2face Idibia. Batman Returns is a 1992 Superhero film directed by Tim Burton. Batman Returns is a 1992 Superhero film directed by Tim Burton.

The Arkham Asylum that was seen in Batman Forever was designed as a tall, spiraling castle-like structure, with narrow hallways lined with brightly-lit glass bricks. The Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane is a Fictional setting a Psychiatric hospital in the DC Comics Universe, usually in stories featuring

During Mr. Freeze’s attempt to freeze Gotham in the film Batman & Robin^[24] (1997), the targeting screen for his giant laser locates it somewhere on the New England shoreline, possibly as far north as Maine. Mr Freeze, real name Dr Victor Fries (pronounced as Victor "Frees" or "Freeze" is a DC Comics Supervillain, an enemy of History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the The State of Maine ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean

The soundtrack for Batman & Robin featured a song named after the city and sung by R. Kelly. Robert Sylvester Kelly (born January 8, 1967) better known by his Stage name R

See also: Batman_Forever#Production

Batman Begins

Batman Begins (2005) leaves the location of Gotham ambiguous. Batman Begins is a 2005 American Superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, directed by The year 2005 in film involved some significant events Releases of sequels took place with movies like The Devil's Rejects, Cheaper Alfred comments that the caverns beneath Wayne Manor that are to be converted into the Batcave were once used by a Wayne ancestor to hide escaping slaves in the Underground Railroad. Alfred Thaddeus Crane Pennyworth (or simply Alfred) is a Fictional character that appears in Comic books published by DC Comics. In DC Comics, Wayne Manor is a Fictional setting the personal residence of Bruce Wayne who is also Batman. The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and Safe houses used by 19th century Black slaves in the United States This places the location anywhere from the northeast United States to Iowa. The State of Iowa ( is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. In another scene involving the new 'Batmobile', a reference to I-17 is made. The Batmobile is the fictional personal Automobile of Comic book Superhero Batman. In reality, however, Interstate 17 is located entirely within the state of Arizona. Interstate 17 (I-17, also known as Black Canyon Freeway is an intrastate Interstate highway located entirely within the state of Arizona, United The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. For Wayne Manor itself, the former Rothschild estate, Mentmore Towers in Buckinghamshire, was used to portray its exterior and interior. The Rothschild banking family of England was founded in 1798 by Nathan Mayer von Rothschild (1777-1836 who first settled in Manchester but then moved Mentmore Towers is a large Neo-Renaissance English country house in the village of Mentmore in Buckinghamshire. Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan home county in South East England.

The Gotham depicted in Batman Begins is a digitally-enhanced Chicago, complete with its famous elevated train tracks, skyline, and subterranean streets filmed on Lower Wacker Drive. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Wacker Drive is a major street in Chicago, Illinois, United States, running along the south side of the main branch and the east side of the south Various Chicago skyscrapers are visible in several shots, including a part of the Sears Tower, Two Prudential Plaza, the Water Tower and the twin Marina City towers. The Sears Tower, a Skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois, has been the tallest building in North America since 1973 Two Prudential Plaza is a Skyscraper that was built in Chicago in 1990. The Chicago Water Tower is a contributing property in the Old Chicago Water Tower District Landmark district Marina City is a mixed-use residential/commercial building complex occupying an entire city block on State Street in Chicago, Even the automobile license plates shown throughout the film are reminiscent of Illinois' license plate design. The Chicago Board of Trade Building was the visual inspiration for the film's Wayne Tower design.

Director Christopher Nolan worked with production designer Nathan Crowley to create the look of Gotham City. Christopher Jonathan James Nolan (born July 30 1970 is a Film director, writer and producer. Nolan designed Gotham City to be a large, modern metropolitan area that would reflect the various periods of architecture that the city had gone through. Elements were drawn from New York City, Chicago, and Tokyo, the latter for its elevated freeways and monorails, but it could be seen that they were much more inspired by the 1927 film Metropolis. officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. Events January 10 - Fritz Lang 's science-fiction fantasy Metropolis premieres in Germany Metropolis is a silent Science fiction film directed by Fritz Lang and written by Lang and Thea von Harbou.

In Batman Begins, the Narrows was based on the slummish nature of the now-demolished walled city of Kowloon in Hong Kong. A slum, as defined by the United Nations agency UN-HABITAT, is a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing and squalor and lacking in tenure security The Kowloon Walled City ( originally known as 九龍寨城 was a tiny Chinese enclave in the middle of British Hong Kong for decades Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders ^[25] One notable change in this version of Arkham Asylum from the comics was the location. The Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane is a Fictional setting a Psychiatric hospital in the DC Comics Universe, usually in stories featuring While the location has varied in the comics, it is generally located some distance outside of Gotham City, often in a rural or forested location. However, Batman Begins has it in the middle of Gotham City, located in the Narrows.

Batman: The Animated Series

In a first season episode entitled "Joker's Favor," Batman: The Animated Series (1992-1995) depicted a driver's license of a Gotham area resident, listing his hometown as "Gotham Estates, NY". Batman The Animated Series (often shortened Batman TAS or BTAS) is an American, two time Emmy Award winning The year 1992 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1992. The year 1995 in television involved some significant eventsBelow is a list of Television -related events in 1995. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous This implies that Gotham City borders or is within the state of New York, and has suburbs (such as Gotham Estates) within commuting distance. South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. Commuting is the process of Travelling between one's place of residence and regular place of work In one episode, when Bruce Wayne leaves for England, it shows Gotham City located on New York's Long Island, clearly in the same location of Queens County. Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, USA, its western shores directly across from Manhattan, from which the island stretches

Another episode of the same television show, however, implies that Gotham resides in a state of the same name. A prison workshop was shown stamping license plates that read "Gotham - The Dark Deco State" (as a reference to the artistic style of the series, this plate may have been intended to simply be one of the visual gags that were common on the program). Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial In addition, the episode entitled "Harlequinade" states that Gotham City has a population of approximately 10 million people. The following is an episode list for the Animated television series Batman The Animated Series, The New Batman/Superman

During the events of the direct-to-video film, Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, a computer screen displaying Barbara Gordon's personal information shows Gotham City, NY, but also displays her area code as being 212 a common Manhattan area code

Batman Beyond

Batman Beyond envisions a Gotham City fifty years into the future. Batman & Mr Freeze SubZero is a Direct to video animated continuance of Batman The Animated Series and a stand alone sequel Barbara "Babs" Gordon is a Fictional character appearing in Comic books published by DC Comics and in related media created by Gardner Fox Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Batman Beyond (known as Batman of the Future in Europe, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and In it, a futuristic architecture which mixes gothic and Asian influences, reminiscent of the film Akira, with elevated streets looping around buildings, has replaced the gothic architecture based on early 20th century American city. is a 1988 Japanese animated Film co-written and directed by Katsuhiro Otomo based on his manga of the same name

The Batman

Gotham City in The Batman shares many similarities to Gotham depicted in Batman Begins, resembling a darker Chicago in architecture. The Batman was an Emmy Award -winning American Animated Television series produced by Warner Bros Batman Begins is a 2005 American Superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, directed by Elements of art decor, albeit toned down, are prevalent as well. The sky is almost always coloured red or green when depicted at night. Landmarks in the series include Lady Gotham, with an outstretched arm holding a sword and the other holding a shield. Wayne Manor is positioned in Gotham City itself, and has a taller, less stately appearance, resembling New York's Waldorf Astoria hotel in parts. The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is a famously luxurious hotel in New York

Landmarks in other media

• Batman: The Animated Series

• The Statue of Justice — The statue varies from the comics in that she is shown holding a shield and a torch.
• Stonegate Prison — The city's main prison as opposed to "Blackgate" in the comics.

• Batman Beyond

• Crime Alley — Bruce Wayne used his influence to keep the street preserved during the rebuilding of Gotham, making it the only part of the present-day Gotham City to remain.

• Batman (1989 film)

• Axis Chemicals — The factory where Jack Napier fell into a vat of chemicals and became the Joker. The name differs from Ace Chemical Processing Inc. in the comics.

• Batman Begins

• Gotham Docks — This is the site of the final arrest of Carmine Falcone.
• The Narrows — An even seedier, grittier portion of Gotham than the East End. Described as dangerous and dilapidated, the residents of the city often viewed the area as the skid row of Gotham. The area is located on an island joined to Gotham proper by the Narrowsborough Bridge, an obvious dig into New York's very own Queensboro Bridge. The Queensboro Bridge, also known as the 59th Street Bridge, is a Cantilever bridge over the East River in New York City that was completed in Arkham Asylum is located in this area. This area is similar to the East End, though it is unclear if it is supposed to be that same area.

Alternate officers of the law

• Batman (1960s TV show)

• Chief O’Hara, played by Stafford Repp. Stafford Alois Repp ( 26 April, 1918 - 5 November, 1974) was an American Actor best known for his role as Chief O'Hara

• Batman (1989 film)

• Lieutenant Max Eckhardt, played by William Hootkins. Max Eckhardt is a fictional character and an adversary of Batman. William Michael Hootkins ( July 5, 1948 &ndash October 23, 2005) was an American Actor, most famous for playing Red A corrupt cop echoing some of the Pre-Crisis aspects of Harvey Bullock. Crisis on Infinite Earths is a twelve-issue American comic book Limited series (identified as a "12-part maxi-series" and crossover

• Birds of Prey (TV series from 2002-2003)

• Detective Jesse Reese - Was played by Shemar Moore. Shemar Franklin Moore (born April 20, 1970) is an Emmy Award -winning American Actor and former male fashion model with Irene The only honest cop in New Gotham who can help the Birds of Prey.

• The Batman (TV series started in 2004)

• Chief Angel Rojas — Edward James Olmos and Jesse Corti provide his voice for this show. Edward James Olmos (born 24 February 1947) is an Emmy -winning and Academy Award -nominated American actor and director Jesse Corti (born Jose Juan Corti in Venezuela,but raised in New Jersey) is an American Voice actor who is perhaps most famous for his voice roles in the
• Detective Ellen Yin — Ming-Na provides her voice in this show. Ellen Yin is a character created specifically for the Batman animated series The Batman, as part of the DC Comics franchise Ming-Na Wen ( born November 20, 1963) is a Chinese -born American Actress.
• Detective Ethan Bennett — He is a childhood friend of Bruce Wayne's. Detective Ethan Bennett is a Fictional character created specifically for the animated Television series The Batman. Due to a chemical created by the Joker, he becomes the first Clayface for this series. Steve Harris provides his voice. Steve J Harris (born December 3, 1965) is an American Actor who has appeared in a number of films including Tyler Perry 's Diary

Mayors in other media

• Batman (1960s live-action TV series)

• Mayor Linseed, played by Byron Keith. Batman is a 1960s American Television series, based on the DC Comic book character of the same name. His name was a play on the name of New York City's then-mayor, John Lindsay. John Vliet Lindsay ( November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American Politician who served as a member of the The governor of "Gotham State" was Stonefeller (as opposed to Nelson Rockefeller, who was governor of New York State during the same period). Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller ( July 8, 1908 January 26, 1979) was the forty-first Vice President of the United States, the forty-ninth There was also a West River (as opposed to New York's East River), and "Bernie Park's Gallery", compared to the real Park Bernet Gallery.

• Batman (1989 film)

• William Borg, played by Lee Wallace. Batman is a 1989 Superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Lee Wallace (born July 15, 1930) is an American television and film actor

• Batman Returns

• Hamilton Hill, played by Michael Murphy. Batman Returns is a 1992 Superhero film directed by Tim Burton. Michael George Murphy (born May 5, 1938) is an American film and television actor

• Batman Forever

• An unnamed mayor played by George Wallace. See also Batman Forever (score, Batman Forever (soundtrack, Batman Forever (video game, Batman Forever The Arcade Game Batman George Henry Wallace (born) is an American Comedian and Actor.

• The Dark Knight

• Anthony Garcia, played by Nestor Carbonell. The Dark Knight is a 2008 American Superhero film directed and co-written by Christopher Nolan. Nestor Gastón Carbonell (born December 1, 1967) is an American actor known for his roles as Luis Rivera on the Sitcom Suddenly Susan ^[26][27]

• Batman: The Animated Series

• Hamilton Hill — Lloyd Bochner provides his voice in this television show. Batman The Animated Series (often shortened Batman TAS or BTAS) is an American, two time Emmy Award winning Lloyd Wolfe Bochner ( July 29, 1924 &ndash October 29, 2005) was a Canadian Actor, also leading man usually playing In Batman Beyond, there is a high school named after him. Batman Beyond (known as Batman of the Future in Europe, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and

• The Batman (TV series started in 2004)

• Marion Grange — In a divergence from the comics, Grange is a male character. The Batman was an Emmy Award -winning American Animated Television series produced by Warner Bros Adam West, who played Batman in the first television series, provides his voice. Adam West (born William West Anderson on September 19, 1928) is an American Actor who is best known for playing the role of
• Hamilton Hill - The new mayor of Gotham after Grange retires. In the TV series, he is portrayed as an African American. Lex Lang provides his voice. Walter Alexis Lang is an American producer, director, Voice actor, celebrity voice match specialist, Songwriter, Music producer

Sister cities

• Metropolis
• Blüdhaven

References

Appearances outside of the comics and Batman media

Gotham is mentioned in Superman Returns as one of several cities where the newly returned Man of Steel operates. Superman Returns is a 2006 Academy Award -nominated Superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character

In Kim Newman's alternate history novel The Bloody Red Baron, Gotham and its university are briefly mentioned. Kim Newman (born July 31, 1959) is an English journalist, film critic, and Fiction Writer. Alternate history or alternative history is a subgenre of Speculative fiction (or Science fiction) and Historical fiction The Bloody Red Baron is a 1995 novel by British author Kim Newman.

Gotham is mentioned in Alan Moore's The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier as being visited by Mina Murray and Alan Quatermain, as well as being home to the Crimson Avenger. Alan Moore (born November 18 1953 in Northampton) is an English Writer most famous for his influential work in Comics, including the acclaimed The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen Black Dossier is an original Graphic novel in the Comic book series The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen Wilhelmina "Mina" Harker is a Fictional character in Bram Stoker 's horror novel Dracula. Allan Quatermain is a Fictional character, the Protagonist of H The Crimson Avenger is the name of three separate Fictional characters Superheroes who exist in the DC Comics universe.

Sources

• Brady, Matthew and Williams, Dwight. Daily Planet Guide to Gotham City. Honesdale, Pennsylvania: West End Games under license from DC Comics, 2000. West End Games (WEG was a company that makes board, role playing, and war games DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company
• Brown, Eliot. "Gotham City Skyline". Secret Files & Origins Guide to the DC Universe 2000. New York: DC Comics, 2000.
• Grant, Alan. Alan Grant (born 1949 is a Scottish Comic book writer known for writing Judge Dredd in 2000 AD as well as various "The Last Arkham". Batman: Shadow of the Bat #1. Batman Shadow of the Bat was a Comic book series featuring Batman published by DC Comics. New York: DC Comics, 1992.
• Loeb, Jeph. Joseph "Jeph" Loeb III is an Emmy and WGA nominated American Film and Television Writer, producer and award-winning Batman: The Long Halloween. Batman The Long Halloween is a 13-issue Comic book Limited series written by Jeph Loeb with art by Tim Sale. New York: DC Comics, 1997.
• Miller, Frank. Frank Miller (born January 27, 1957) is an American Writer, Artist and Film director best known for his dark Batman: Year One. Batman Year One is the title of an American Comic book Story arc written by Frank Miller, illustrated by David Mazzucchelli New York: DC Comics, 1988.
• Morrison, Grant. Grant Morrison (born January 31 1960 is a Scottish Comic book writer and artist Arkham Asylum. The Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane is a Fictional setting a Psychiatric hospital in the DC Comics Universe, usually in stories featuring New York: DC Comics, 1990.
• O'Neil, Dennis. Dennis O'Neil (often credited as Denny O'Neil) is a Comic book Writer and editor, principally for Marvel Comics and DC Comics "Destroyer". Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #27. New York: DC Comics, 1992.

External links

• Bat Locations, a detailed list of locations used for the 1960s Batman show.
• Batman: Collected Issues of the Dark Knight - Gotham Map, an interactive map of Gotham City.
• Gotham City History and Notable Locations from the Batman 1960s TV show, a list of locations that appeared in the 1960s Batman show.
• Gotham City's article at Pop-Cult Guides, complete with sourced maps and lists of locations, etc.
• Gotham City - DC Database
  • Category: Gotham City - DC Database

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