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Yr Hen Ogledd or "The Old North". A map of northern Britain before the Anglo-Saxon-Scottish conquest
Yr Hen Ogledd or "The Old North". A map of northern Britain before the Anglo-Saxon-Scottish conquest

The Gododdin (pronounced [goˈdoðin]) were a Brythonic people of north-eastern Britain (modern north-east England and south-east Scotland) in the sub-Roman period, best known as the subject of the 6th century Welsh poem Y Gododdin, attributed to Aneirin. Roman Britain refers to those parts of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and 410 England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Sub-Roman Britain is a term derived from an Archaeologists ' label for the material culture of Britain in Late Antiquity. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic Y Gododdin (pronounced /ə gɔ'dɔðɪn/ is a medieval Welsh poem consisting of a series of elegies to the men of the Brythonic kingdom of Aneirin or Neirin was a late 6th century Brythonic Poet. He is believed to have been a Bard or 'court poet' in one of the Cumbric kingdoms

The name Gododdin is the Modern Welsh form; it is derived, via Old Welsh Guotodin from the Brythonic language word Votadini, attested in Latin texts. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic Old Welsh (Hen Gymraeg is the label attached to the Welsh language from the time it developed from the Brythonic language generally thought to be in the period The Brythonic languages (or Brittonic languages or British languages) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family the other being The Votadini (the Wotādīnī, or Votādīnī) were a people of the Iron Age in Great Britain, and their territory was briefly part of the Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. [1]

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The Gododdin kingdom

It is not known exactly how far the kingdom of the Gododdin extended, possibly from the Stirling area to the kingdom of 'Bryneich', and including what are now the Lothian and Borders regions of eastern Scotland. Stirling ( Gaelic: Sruighlea, Scots: Stirlin) is a city and former ancient Burgh in Scotland, and is at Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland and the North-East of The Scottish Borders, often referred to simply as the Borders, is one of 32 local government council areas of Scotland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It was bounded on the west by the Brythonic Kingdom of Strathclyde, and to the north by the Picts. Strathclyde ( Gaelic: Srath Chluaidh) (lit "Valley of the Clyde" originally Brythonic Ystrad Clud, was one of the kingdoms The Picts were a Confederation of tribes in what was later to become eastern and northern Scotland from Roman times until the 10th century Those living around Clackmannanshire were known as the Manaw Gododdin (Watson, 1926; Jackson, 1969). Clackmannanshire ( Siorrachd Chlach Mhannainn in Gaelic; nicknamed "the wee county" and sometimes called Clacks is one of the 32 local government According to tradition, local kings of this period lived at both Traprain Law and Din Eidyn (Edinburgh, still known as Dùn Éideann in Scottish Gaelic), and probably also at Din Baer (Dunbar). Traprain Law is a hill about 221m (724 feet in elevation located 6km (4 miles east of Haddington in East Lothian, Scotland. Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Dunbar is a town in East Lothian on the southeast coast of Scotland, approximately 30 miles east of Edinburgh and 28 miles from the English Border

In the wake of Roman withdrawal around 410, Coel Hen (Old King Cole), who Morris suggests may have been the last of the Roman Duces Brittanniarum (Dukes of the Brythons), seems to have taken over the northern capital at Eburacum (York) and became something akin to a High King of Northern Britain ("Britain" in this context excludes the lands of the Picts, see Brython), ruling over what had been the northern provinces, possibly including the lands of the Votadini. Events By place Western Roman Empire Alaric I deposes Priscus Attalus as Emperor. A legendary king of Celtic Britain, about all that can be said about Old King Cole with any certainty is that Old King Cole was a merry York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The Votadini (the Wotādīnī, or Votādīnī) were a people of the Iron Age in Great Britain, and their territory was briefly part of the This area became known in later poetry as the Hen Ogledd. Yr Hen Ogledd is a Welsh term meaning 'The Old North' and referring to the sub-Roman Brythonic kingdoms of what is now Northern England After his death the North probably began to divide. By about 470 most of the Votadini's lands became the kingdom of Gododdin, while the southern part of their territory between the Tweed and the Tees (approximately modern Northumberland and County Durham) seems to have become a separate kingdom then called Bryneich. Events and Trends 476 — Abdication of Romulus Augustus — fall of the Western Roman empire. There are other rivers with this name see Tweed River The River Tweed ( Uisge Thuaidh in Gaelic (156 kilometres or long flows primarily through the The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland and the North-East of

The Kings of Gododdin

Ford identifies the Kings of the Gododdin with those of Lothian and suggests they are recorded in 'Pedigree 16' of Harleian MS 3859. King Leudonus, after whom Lothian is named, is remembered in the local legend of St. Lot or Loth is king of Lothian, Orkney, and sometimes Norway in the Arthurian legend. Kentigern (alias Saint Mungo). Saint Mungo is the commonly used name for Saint Kentigern (also known as Cantigernus ( Latin) or Cyndeyrn Garthwys ( Welsh) Cunedda, legendary founder of the Kingdom of Gwynedd in north Wales, is supposed to have been a Manaw Gododdin warlord who migrated south-west about this time. Cunedda ap Edern (c 386–c 460 AD; reigned from the 440s or 450s (Cunetacius Kenneth also known as Cunedda Wledig ("holder of lands" Gwynedd (pr) is one of several Welsh Successor states that emerged in 5th-century post-Roman Britain. [2]

Later history

In the 6th century, Bryneich was invaded by the Angles and became known as Bernicia. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The Angles is a modern English word for a Germanic-speaking people who took their name from the cultural ancestral region of Angeln, a modern district located in Bernicia was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now the South-East of Scotland and the North-East of The Angles continued to press north. In ca. 600 about 300 men of the Gododdin fell in the battle of Catraeth (almost certainly Catterick in North Yorkshire), as recorded in Aneirin's poem-cycle Y Gododdin. Events By Place World The population of the Earth rises to about 208 million people North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Aneirin or Neirin was a late 6th century Brythonic Poet. He is believed to have been a Bard or 'court poet' in one of the Cumbric kingdoms Y Gododdin (pronounced /ə gɔ'dɔðɪn/ is a medieval Welsh poem consisting of a series of elegies to the men of the Brythonic kingdom of

In 638 'Din Eidyn' was under siege and may have fallen to the Angles, for the Gododdin seem to have come under the rule of Bernicia around this time. Events By Place Asia The Muslims capture Jerusalem, Antioch, Caesarea Maritima and Akko To what extent the native population was replaced or assimilated is unknown. Bernicia became part of Northumbria, and by 954 was overrun by the Danish kingdom of York. Events By Place Europe King Máel Coluim I of Scotland is killed in battle against the Highlanders A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. Shortly afterwards this came under a unified England, then in 1018 Malcolm II brought the region as far as the River Tweed under Scottish rule. Máel Coluim mac Cináeda ( Modern Gaelic: Maol Chaluim mac Choinnich) known in modern Anglicized regnal lists as Malcolm II (c There are other rivers with this name see Tweed River The River Tweed ( Uisge Thuaidh in Gaelic (156 kilometres or long flows primarily through the

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Claudius Ptolemaeus, "Geographia" (ca. Y Gododdin (pronounced /ə gɔ'dɔðɪn/ is a medieval Welsh poem consisting of a series of elegies to the men of the Brythonic kingdom of Claudius Ptolemaeus ( Greek: Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; after 83 &ndash ca The Geographia or Geography is Ptolemy 's main work besides the Almagest. 2nd century CE)
  2. ^ Nennius (ed. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. ), "Historia Britonum" (ca. early 9th century)

References

External links

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