Gnaeus Pompeius (ca. Pompeius (fem Pompeia known in English as Pompey, is the Nomen of the gens Pompeia, an important family during the late republic 75 - April 12, 45 BC), also known as Pompey the Younger (sometimes spelled Cneius, Gneius), was a Roman politician and general from the late Republic (1st century BC). Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the
Gnaeus Pompeius was the elder son of Pompey the Great (Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus) by his third wife, Mucia Tertia. Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation Mucia Tertia was a Roman matrona that lived in the 1st century BC Both he and his younger brother Sextus Pompeius grew up in the shadow of their father, one of Rome's best generals and not originally a conservative politician who drifted to the more traditional faction when Julius Caesar became a threat. When Caesar crossed the Rubicon in 49 BC, thus starting a civil war, Gnaeus followed his father in their escape to the East, as did most of the conservative senators. Rubicon ( Rubicō, Italian: Rubicone) is a 29 km long River in northern Italy. The Roman Senate was a political institution in Ancient Rome. Pompey's army lost the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, and Pompey himself had to run for his life, only to be murdered in Egypt on September 29 of the same year. The Battle of Pharsalus was a decisive battle of Caesar's Civil War. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire.
After the murder, Gnaeus and his brother Sextus joined the resistance against Caesar in the Africa Province. The Roman province of Africa was established after the Romans defeated Carthage in the Third Punic War. Together with Metellus Scipio, Cato the Younger and other senators, they prepared to oppose Caesar and his army to the end. The Caecilii Metelli were one of the most important and wealthiest families in the Roman Republic. Marcus Porcius Catō Uticensis (95 BC&ndash46 BC known as Cato the Younger ( Cato Minor) to distinguish him from his great-grandfather ( Cato the Elder Caesar defeated Metellus Scipio and Cato, who subsequently committed suicide, at the Battle of Thapsus in 46 BC. The Battle of Thapsus took place on April 6 46 BC near Thapsus (modern Ras Dimas, Tunisia) Gnaeus escaped once again, this time to the Balearic Islands, where he joined Sextus. The Balearic Islands ( Catalan and official Illes Balears; Spanish: Islas Baleares) are an Archipelago in the western Mediterranean Together with Titus Labienus, former general in Caesar's army, the Pompey brothers crossed over to the Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula, comprising modern Spain and Portugal), where they raised yet another army. Titus Labienus (ca 100 BC– March 17, 45 BC was a professional Roman soldier in the late Roman Republic. Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula.
Caesar soon followed and, on March 17, 45 BC, the armies met in the battle of Munda. Events 45 BC - In his last victory Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger For the World War II battle see Battle of Munda Point. The Battle of Munda took place on March 17, 45 BC in Both armies were large and led by able generals. The battle was closely fought, but eventually a cavalry charge by Caesar turned events to his side. In the battle and the panicked escape that followed, Titus Labienus and an estimated 30,000 men of the Pompeian side died. Gnaeus and Sextus managed to escape once again. However, this time, supporters were difficult to find because it was by now clear Caesar had won the civil war. Within a few weeks, Gnaeus Pompeius was caught and executed for treason. Sextus Pompeius was able to keep one step ahead of his enemies, and survived his brother for a number of years. He married a woman called Claudia Pulchra, who survived him; they had no children.
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