| ' | |
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| Print, based on Hollar's 1644 Long View of London, of the 2nd Globe Theatre. | |
|---|---|
| Address | Park Street |
| City | |
| Country | England |
| Designation | Demolished |
| Architect | Peter Street (carpenter) |
| Owned by | Lord Chamberlain's Men |
| Capacity | 3,000–seated and standing |
| Type | Elizabethan theatre |
| Opened | 1599 |
| Rebuilt | 1614 |
| Closed | 1642 |
| Coordinates: | |
The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. The London Borough of Southwark ( is a London borough in south east London, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Lord Chamberlain's Men was the Playing company that William Shakespeare worked for as Actor and Playwright for most of his career English Renaissance theatre is English drama written between the Reformation and the closure of the theatres in 1642. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. William Shakespeare ( baptised It was built in 1599 by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on June 29, 1613. In Renaissance London, playing company was the usual term for a company of Actors These companies were organized around a group of ten or so Shareholders The Lord Chamberlain's Men was the Playing company that William Shakespeare worked for as Actor and Playwright for most of his career Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. [1] A second Globe Theatre was rebuilt on the same site by June 1614 and closed in 1642. [2]
A modern reconstruction of the Globe, named "Shakespeare's Globe", opened in 1997. Shakespeare's Globe Theatre, which officially opened in 1997 is a reconstruction of The Globe Theatre, an Elizabethan playhouse in the London Borough of Southwark It is approximately 230 metres (750 ft) from the site of the original theatre. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit [3]
Contents |
History
The Globe was owned by actors who were also shareholders in the Lord Chamberlain's Men. The Lord Chamberlain's Men was the Playing company that William Shakespeare worked for as Actor and Playwright for most of his career Two of the six Globe shareholders, Richard Burbage and his brother Cuthbert Burbage, owned double shares of the whole, or 25% each; the other four men, Shakespeare, John Heminges, Augustine Phillips, and Thomas Pope, owned a single share, or 12. Richard Burbage ( January 7, 1568 &ndash March 13 1619) was an Actor and theatre owner Cuthbert Burbage (1566 &ndash 1636 was an English theatrical figure son of Impresario James Burbage and elder brother of famous actor Richard Burbage William Shakespeare ( baptised John Heminges (sometimes spelled Hemminge or Hemings) (c 1566 - 1630 was an English Renaissance Actor. Augustine Phillips (died May 1605 was an Elizabethan Actor who performed in troupes with Edward Alleyn and William Shakespeare. Thomas Pope (died 1603 was an Elizabethan Actor, a member of the Lord Chamberlain's Men and a colleague of William Shakespeare. 5%. (Originally William Kempe was intended to be the seventh partner, but he sold out his share to the four minority sharers, leaving them with more than the originally planned 10%). See Will Kempe (actor for the contemporary television actor William Kempe (died 1603? also spelled Kemp, was an English These initial proportions changed over time, as new sharers were added. Shakespeare's share diminished from 1/8 to 1/14, or roughly 7%, over the course of his career. [4]
The Globe was built in 1599 using timber from an earlier theatre, The Theatre, that had been built by Richard Burbage's father, James Burbage, in Shoreditch in 1576. The Theatre was an Elizabethan playhouse located in Shoreditch (in Curtain Road part of the modern London Borough of Hackney) just outside the James Burbage or Burbadge (1531 &ndash 1597 was an English actor theatre Impresario, and theatre builder in the English Renaissance theatre Shoreditch is an area of London within the London Borough of Hackney. The Burbages originally had a 21-year lease of the site on which The Theatre was built but they owned the building outright. See also Leasing, Renting A lease is a Legal document, but can be an oral arrangement which confers a right on one person (called However the landlord, Giles Allen, claimed that the building had become his with the expiry of the lease. On 28 December 1598, while Allen was celebrating Christmas at his country home, carpenter Peter Street, supported by the players and their friends, dismantled The Theatre beam by beam and transported it to Street's waterfront warehouse near Bridewell. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Bridewell Palace, London, originally a residence of Henry VIII, later became a poorhouse and prison With the onset of more favourable weather in the following spring, the material was ferried over the Thames to reconstruct it as The Globe. The Thames ( is a major River flowing through southern England. [5]
On June 29, 1613 the Globe Theatre went up in flames during a performance of Henry the Eighth. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. A theatrical cannon, set off during the performance, misfired, igniting the wooden beams and thatching. According to one of the few surviving documents of the event, no one was hurt except a man whose burning breeches were put out with a bottle of ale. [6]
Like all the other theatres in London, the Globe was closed down by the Puritans in 1642 after it was rebuilt in 1614. A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, It was destroyed in 1644 to make room for tenements. Its exact location remained unknown until remnants of its foundations were discovered in 1989 beneath the car park of Anchor Terrace on Park Street (the shape of the foundations are replicated in the surface of the car park). Anchor Terrace is an early-19th-century building on the east side of Southwark Bridge Road in London, situated very close to the River Thames. Anchor Terrace is a listed building and only very limited excavation, consisting of three small trial pits, has been permitted within its walls. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance One original pier base was identified. In Architecture, a pier is an upright support for a Superstructure, such as an Arch or Bridge. [7]
Layout of the Globe
The Globe's actual dimensions are unknown, but its shape and size can be approximated from scholarly inquiry over the last two centuries. [8] The evidence suggests that it was a three-story, open-air amphitheatre approximately 100 feet (30 m) in diameter that could house up to 3,000 spectators. An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances [9] The Globe is shown as round on Wenceslas Hollar's sketch of the building, later incorporated into his engraved "Long View" of London in 1647. Václav Hollar (ˈvatslaf ˈɦolar known in England as Wenceslaus Hollar or sometimes Wenzel ( July 13, 1607 - March 25 However, in 1997-98, the uncovering of a small part of the Globe's foundation suggested that it was a polygon of 20 sides. [10][7]
At the base of the stage, there was an area called the pit,[11] (or, harking back to the old inn-yards, yard[12]) where, for a penny, people (the "groundlings") would stand to watch the performance. In the historical era of English Renaissance drama, an Inn-yard theatre or Inn-theatre was a common Inn that provided a venue for the presentation of stage Groundlings would eat hazelnuts during performances — during the excavation of the Globe, nutshells were found preserved in the dirt — or oranges. [13] Around the yard were three levels of stadium-style seats, which were more expensive than standing room.
A rectangle stage platform, also known as an 'apron stage', thrust out into the middle of the open-air yard. The stage measured approximately 43 feet (13. 1 m) in width, 27 feet (8. 2 m) in depth and was raised about 5 feet (1. 5 m) off the ground. On this stage, there was a trap door for use by performers to enter from the "cellarage" area beneath the stage. A trapdoor is a door set into a floor or ceiling (depending on what side of the door one is on [14]
Large columns on either side of the stage supported a roof over the rear portion of the stage. The ceiling under this roof was called the "heavens," and was painted with clouds and the sky. [7] A trap door in the heavens enabled performers to descend using some form of rope and harness. The back wall of the stage had two or three doors on the main level, with a curtained inner stage in the centre and a balcony above it. The doors entered into the "tiring house" (backstage area) where the actors dressed and awaited their entrances. The balcony housed the musicians and could also be used for scenes requiring an upper space, such as the balcony scene in Romeo and Juliet.
Notes
- ^ Nagler 1958, p. 8.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica 1998 edition.
- ^ Measured using Google earth
- ^ Schoenbaum, pp. Google Earth is a Virtual globe program that was originally called Earth Viewer and was created by Keyhole Inc, a company acquired by Google in 2004 648-9.
- ^ Shapiro, James (2005). James S Shapiro (born 1955 is Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University and Non-fiction author 1599—a year in the life of William Shakespeare. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-21480-0. .
- ^ Wotton, Henry; (quoted in Mulryne) (1613-07-02). Henry Wotton may also refer to Lord Henry Wotton, a fictional character Sir Henry Wotton (1568 - December 1639 was an English Author Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Letters to Edmund Bacon. London: privately published 1661.
- ^ a b c Mulryne, J R; Shewring, Margaret (1997). Shakespeare’s Globe Rebuilt. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521599881.
- ^ Egan, Gabriel (1999). "Reconstructions of The Globe: A Retrospective". Shakespeare Survey 52 (1): pp1-16. ISBN 0521660742.
- ^ Orrell, John (1989). John Orrell ( December 31 1934 &ndash September 16 2003) was an author theatre historian and English professor at the University of Alberta Reconstructing Shakespeare's Globe. History Trails. University of Alberta. Retrieved on 2007-12-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V
- ^ Egan, Gabriel (2004). "The 1599 Globe and its modern replica: Virtual Reality modelling of the archaeological and pictorial evidence". Early Modern Literary Studies 13: 5. 1–22. ISSN 1201-2459. An International Standard Serial Number ( ISSN) is a unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic Periodical publication.
- ^ Britannica Student: The Theater past to present > Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Theater
- ^ Dekker, Thomas (1609), reprinted 1907, ISBN 0781271991. Thomas Dekker is the name of Thomas Dekker (writer (1572&ndash1632 Elizabethan poet and dramatist Thomas Dekker (actor (born 1987 The Gull’s Hornbook: “the stage…will bring you to most perfect light… though the scarecrows in the yard hoot at you”.
- ^ Thomson, Peter (1991). Shakespeare's Theatre. London: Routledge. ISBN 0415051487.
- ^ Nagler 1958, pp. 23-24.
See Also
References
- Nagler, A. English Renaissance theatre is English drama written between the Reformation and the closure of the theatres in 1642. M. (1958). Shakespeare's Stage. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300026897.
- Schoenbaum, Samuel (1991). Samuel Schoenbaum ( 6 March 1927 &ndash 27 March 1996) was a leading 20th century Shakespearean biographer and scholar Shakespeare's Lives. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0198186185.
- Gurr, Andrew (1991). Andrew John Gurr (born December 23, 1936) is a contemporary literary scholar who specializes in William Shakespeare and English Renaissance theatre The Shakespearean Stage 1574-1642. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Press. ISBN 052142240X.
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