Giselle
Carlotta Grisi as Giselle (1841)
Choreographed by	Jean Coralli and Jules Perrot, Marius Petipa (revival)
Composed by	Adolphe Adam
Date of premiere	28 June 1841
Place of premiere	Paris, France
Original ballet company	Ballet du Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique
Characters	Giselle Albrect Hilarion Bathilda Myrtha, Queen of the Wilis
Created for	Carlotta Grisi and Lucien Petipa
Genre	Romantic
Type	classical ballet
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Giselle is a ballet by Adolphe Adam. Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Adolphe Charles Adam ( July 24, 1803 &ndash May 3, It has 2 acts, 2 scenes, with a libretto by Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges and Théophile Gautier and was originally choreographed by Jean Coralli and Jules Perrot (the principal Ballerina's dances). See also Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges ( November 7, 1799 - December 23, 1875) French Dramatist See also Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier ( August 30, 1811 – October 23, 1872) was a French Poet, Dramatist See also, Choreography (literally "dance-writing" from the Greek words "χορεία" (circular dance see chorea) and "γραφή" Jean Coralli ( January 15 1779 &ndash May 1 1854) born Jean Coralli Peracini, was a French Dancer and See also Jules-Joseph Perrot ( 18 August 1810 in Lyon France &ndash 29 August 1892 in Paramé) was a The choreography of nearly all modern productions derives from the revivals of Marius Petipa for the Imperial Ballet (1884, 1899, 1903). See also Marius Ivanovich Petipa (Мариус Иванович Петипа (born Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa on 11 March 1818 in Marseille, Kingdom

Giselle was first presented by the Ballet du Théâtre de l'Académie Royale de Musique, Paris, France, on June 28, 1841. Théâtre de l’Académie Royale de Musique (aka the Salle de la rue Le Peletier, or casually as the Paris Opéra, or simply as the Opéra) was Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link

Contents 1 Synopsis 2 Characters 3 A varied past 4 Trivia 5 Structure 6 Gallery 7 External links

Synopsis

In the first act, a young, innocent village maiden named Giselle is in love with a man she knows only as Loys. In reality, the man is Albrecht, a nobleman disguised as a peasant, who is betrothed to Bathilde, daughter of the Duke. When Giselle discovers the deceit, she is inconsolable and goes mad, then dies; one version says she dies of a broken heart while another says she commits suicide in her madness. In the second act, her undying love for Albrecht saves him from the wicked magic of the wilis, vampiric ghosts of betrothed girls who were betrayed by their lovers and died before their wedding day. Fairies in Slavic mythology come in several forms and their names are spelled differently based on the specific language Though their leader, Myrtha, Queen of the Wilis, forces Albrecht to dance again and again, Giselle intervenes long enough to spare his life and allow him to survive until the dawn. Myrtha Queen of the Wilis (sometimes spelled Myrta) is a character from the famous Romantic ballet, Giselle which premiered at the Theatre At sunrise, the wilis must return to their grave; Giselle must return as well but not before showing Albrecht that she forgives him for his treachery. The two pledge their love to each other and she descends back into her grave, but will forever be separated. Giselle is now a wili for the rest of eternity.

Characters

• Duke Albert of Silesia, in attire of a villager
• Prince of Courland
• Wilfride, the Duke's squire
• Hilarion, the game-keeper
• An old peasant man
• Bathilde, the Duke's fiancée
• Giselle, a peasant girl
• Berthe, Giselle's mother
• Myrthe, Queen of the Wilis
• Zulme, Moyna, wilis

Vinegatherers, Ladies and Noblemen, Valets, Hunters, Peasants, Musicians, Children, Wilis.

A varied past

Important Ballets & *Revivals of Marius Petipa

*Paquita (1847, *1881) *Le Corsaire (1858, 1863, 1868, 1885, 1899) The Pharaoh's Daughter (1862, *1885, *1898) Le Roi Candaule (1868, *1891, *1903) Don Quixote (1869, *1871) La Bayadère (1877, *1900) *Giselle (1884, 1899, 1903) *Coppélia (1884) *La Fille Mal Gardée (1885) *La Esmeralda (1886, 1899) The Talisman (1889) The Sleeping Beauty (1890) The Nutcracker (1892) Cinderella (1893) The Awakening of Flora (1894) *Swan Lake (1895) *The Little Humpbacked Horse (1895) The Cavalry Halt (1896) Raymonda (1898) The Seasons (1900) Harlequinade (1900)

The version passed down to the present day was staged by Marius Petipa for the Imperial Ballet (today the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet). See also Marius Ivanovich Petipa (Мариус Иванович Петипа (born Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa on 11 March 1818 in Marseille, Kingdom For the Mexican singer see Paquita la del Barrio Paquita is a Ballet in two acts and three scenes with libretto by Joseph Mazilier and Le Corsaire is a Ballet typically presented in three acts with a scenario originally created by Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges, loosely based The Pharaoh's Daughter ( The Daughter of the Pharaoh, Russian title Doch Faraona, French title La Fille du Pharaon) is a Ballet choreographed Tsar Kandavl; AKA Le Roi Candaule ( King Cadaules) is a Grand ballet in 4 Acts-6 Scenes with choreography by Marius Petipa Don Quixote is a ballet originally staged in four acts and eight scenes based on an episode taken from the famous novel Don Quixote de la Mancha by La Bayadère ( The Temple Dancer) ( Russian Баядерка - Bayaderka) is a Ballet, originally staged in four acts Coppélia is a sentimental comic Ballet with original choreography by Arthur Saint-Léon to a ballet libretto by Saint-Léon and Charles Nuitter La Fille mal gardée is a comic Ballet presented in two acts inspired by 1789 painting Le Reprimande/Une Jeune Fille Querellée par sa Mère. La Esmeralda is a ballet in 3 acts 5 scenes inspired by Notre Dame de Paris by Victor Hugo, originally choreographed by Jules Perrot; with The Talisman (AKA Le Talisman or Il Talismino) - Fantastic Ballet in 4 Acts-7 Scenes with choreography by Marius Petipa The Sleeping Beauty ( Спящая Красавица, Spyashchaya Krasavitsa) is a Ballet in a prologue and three acts Opus 66 by Pyotr The Nutcracker (Щелкунчик Shchelkunchik) Op 71 is a Fairy tale - Ballet in two acts three scenes by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Cinderella (AKA Zolushka) - Ballet -féerie in 3 Acts with choreography by Enrico Cecchetti (Act I and Act III and The Awakening of Flora ( fr Le Réveil de Flore) (aka Flora's Awakening, though occasionally referred to incorrectly under such The Little Humpbacked Horse or The Tsar Maiden (aka Konyok Gorbunok ili Tsar-Devitsa, or Le Petit cheval bossu ou La Tsar-Demoiselle Raymonda ( Раймонда, the name of a main character is a Ballet in three acts four scenes with an Apotheosis, choreographed by Marius Petipa The Seasons ( Времена года, Vremena goda; also Les saisons is an allegorical ballet in one act four scenes by the choreographer See also Commedia dell'arte Harlequinade is a type of theatrical performance piece usually a slapstick adaptation of the Commedia dell'arte See also Marius Ivanovich Petipa (Мариус Иванович Петипа (born Victor Marius Alphonse Petipa on 11 March 1818 in Marseille, Kingdom The Mariinsky Ballet, is an internationally renowned Classical ballet company based at the Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg, Russia. The Mariinsky Ballet, is an internationally renowned Classical ballet company based at the Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg, Russia. Petipa staged his definitive revival of Giselle in 1884 for the Ballerina Maria Gorshenkova, but made his final touches to the work for Anna Pavlova's debut in 1903. It is said that the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet still dance the ballet in Petipa's original design nearly unchanged. Petipa's final work on Giselle was notated in the Stepanov method of choreographic notation around the turn of the 20th century, and is today held as part of the famous Sergeyev Collection in the Harvard University Library Theatre Collection. Vladimir Ivanovich Stepanov (1866 - 1896 dancer at the Imperial Ballet in Saint Petersburg. The Sergeyev Collection is a collection of Choreographic notation, music photos and set and costume designs that document with varying degrees of detail twenty-four ballets

Giselle passed out of the repertory of the old Paris Opéra in 1867, and did not return to the western stage until Petipa's definitive version was performed by the original Ballet Russe in 1910 at the Palais Garnier. Théâtre de l’Académie Royale de Musique (aka the Salle de la rue Le Peletier, or casually as the Paris Opéra, or simply as the Opéra) was See also Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, The Ballets Russes ( French for The Russian Ballets) was a Ballet company established The Palais Garnier, also known as the Opéra de Paris or Opéra Garnier, but more commonly as the Paris Opéra, is a 2200-seat

The role of Giselle is one of the most sought-after in ballet, as it demands both technical perfection and outstanding grace and lyricism, as well as great dramatic skill. In the first act Giselle has to convey the innocence and love of a country girl, the heartbreak of being betrayed. In the second act Giselle must seem otherworldly, yet loving. Some of the most accomplished dancers to perform this role include Carlotta Grisi (for whom Théophile Gautier created the role), Anna Pavlova, Tamara Karsavina, Olga Spesivtseva, Galina Ulanova, Alicia Markova, Alicia Alonso, Chan Hon Goh, Beryl Goldwyn, Karen Kain, Margot Fonteyn, Natalia Makarova, Gelsey Kirkland, Irina Kolpakova, Ekaterina Maximova,Natalya Bessmertnova, Carla Fracci, Altynai Asylmuratova, Alessandra Ferri, Eva Evdokimova,Diana Vishneva, Alina Cojocaru and Nina Ananiashvili. Carlotta Grisi, real name Caronne Adele Josephine Marie Grisi was an Italian Ballet Dancer. See also Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier ( August 30, 1811 – October 23, 1872) was a French Poet, Dramatist Anna Pavlovna Pavlova (А́нна Па́вловна Па́влова (&ndash 23 January, 1931) was a famous Russian Ballerina of the late Tamara Platonovna Karsavina (10 March 1885 &ndash 26 May 1978 was a famous Russian Ballerina who eventually settled in England, where she helped found Olga Alexandrovna Spessivtzeva ( Spesivtseva Spessivtseva) (Ольга Александровна Спесивцева ( July 18[[ 895]]&mdash September 16[[ Galina Sergeyevna Ulánova (Галина Сергеевна Уланова 8 January 1910 ( O Dame Alicia Markova, DBE, DMus (1 December 1910 &ndash 2 December 2004 was the first English dancer to be titled a Prima Ballerina Assoluta Alicia Alonso, Alicia Ernestina de la Caridad del Cobre Martínez Hoya (born 21 December 1920) is a Cuban Prima Ballerina Assoluta and Choreographer Chan Hon Goh (Traditional Chinese 吳振紅 Simplified Chinese 吴振红 Hanyu Pinyin Wú Zhènhóng Cantonese (Jyutping Ng4 Zan3-hung4 (born 1969 is a Principal dancer Beryl Goldwyn - now Beryl Karney - (born 1930 is an English Ballet dancer Karen Alexandria Kain, CC (born March 28, 1951 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a retired Canadian Ballet dancer "Dame Margot" redirects here For the medieval trouvère see Dames Margot and Maroie. Nataliya Romanovna Makarova (born November 21, 1940) is a Soviet-Russian-born American actress and former Prima ballerina. Gelsey Kirkland (born December 29 1952, Bethlehem Pennsylvania) is an American ballet dancer Ekaterina Maximova Russian Екатерина Максимова ( 01 February 1939) Moscow is a Russian ballerina Carla Fracci (born 20 August 1936 in Milan, Italy) is a famous Ballet dancer and actress Altynai Asylmuratova (born 1961 is a former Russian leading ballerina with the Kirov Ballet / Mariinsky Theatre and a guest artist all over the world Alessandra Ferri (born in 1963 is an Italian ballerina She danced as a Principal Dancer with the American Ballet Theatre in New York as Prima ballerina Diana Vishneva (born July 131976 is a principal Ballerina with both the Kirov Ballet in Russia and American Ballet Theatre in the Alina Cojocaru (born May 27, 1981) is a female principal Dancer with The Royal Ballet. Nina Ananiashvili (also Nino Ananiashvili, ნინო ანანიაშვილი (born March 28 1963) is a Georgian ballerina Famous Albrechts include Lucien Petipa (creator of the role), Vaslav Nijinsky, Rudolf Nureyev, Erik Bruhn,Mikhail Lavrovsky, Vladimir Vassiliev, Vladimir Malakhov, Vladimir Muravlev. Lucien Petipa (1815 &ndash 1898 was a French Ballet dancer in the early 1800s ( Romantic period and was the brother of the famous Balletmaster of Nijinsky redirects here For other uses of the name see Nijinsky (disambiguation. Rudolf Khametovich Nureyev ( Tatar: Rudolf Xämät ulı Nuriev, Russian: Рудольф Хаметович Нуриев Erik Belton Evers Bruhn ( October 3, 1928 &ndash April 1, 1986) was a Danish Ballet Dancer, Choreographer Vladimir Malakhov (born 1968 in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine) was a Principal Dancer with American Ballet Theatre. Vladimir Muravlev ( Russian: Владимир Муравлёв) is a Russian Ballet dancer

Trivia

• The Variation of Giselle in waltz rhythm from the second act Grand Pas de Deux was written by Léon Minkus in 1866 at the behest of Marius Petipa for the Ballerina Adèle Grantzow. Ludwig Minkus (Людвиг Минкус aka Léon Fyodorovich Minkus (born Aloisius Ludwig Minkus on March 23, 1826 in Velké Meziříčí Minkus fashioned the variation from Adam's leitmotif for Albrecht and Giselle (also known as the Love Theme or the He Loves me, He loves me not theme). Variation or Classical Variation (sometimes referred to as a Pas Seul, meaning to Dance Alone) in Ballet is a solo dance Today this variation is performed in every production of Giselle.

• The famous Pas Seul or Variation of Giselle from the first act was also written by Léon Minkus at the behest of Petipa in 1887 for the Ballerina Emma Bessone. The variation was originally the property of Bessone and was not performed for many years (specially composed variations were often the legal property of the Ballerina they were created for in Imperial Russia). It was resurrected by the Ballerina Olga Spessivtseva in the early 1910s, and is included in every production of the ballet today. Olga Alexandrovna Spessivtzeva ( Spesivtseva Spessivtseva) (Ольга Александровна Спесивцева ( July 18[[ 895]]&mdash September 16[[

• The so-called Peasant Pas de Deux was interpolated into Act I of Giselle at the last minute right before the ballet's original premiere for the Ballerina Nathalie Fitzjames. As mistress of an influential patron of the Paris Opera, her request to participate in the production was granted, though due to another engagement Adolphe Adam was unable to compose the music for her desired number. Instead, an already existing suite of music known as Souvenirs de Ratisbonne by the composer Friedrich Burgmüller was used (Souvenirs de Ratisbonne translates from French as Memories of Regensburg, interestingly, this is where Burgmüller was born). Johann Friedrich Franz Burgmüller ( December 4 1806 - February 13 1874) was a German pianist and composer Regensburg ( also Ratisbon, Ratisbona Řezno originally Castra Regina) is a City (population 131000 in 2007 in Bavaria, Germany Also for the original production, the Marche des Vignerons (a number which traditionally occurs before Giselle's famous variation in Act I) was interpolated from another work as well, also to the music of Burgmüller. Both interpolations have been included in every production of Giselle to the present day.

• In 1884 Petipa revived Giselle especially for the ballerina Mariia Gorshenkova, and it is this version which is the definitive staging from which all versions of the ballet are now based. Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year For this revival, Petipa commissioned Ludwig Minkus to score a supplemental Pas de Deux for Act I to be danced by Giselle and Albrecht. Though this Pas was retained in the St. Petersburg productions of Giselle, it did not become part of the traditional score for the ballet and it is no longer performed, largely due to the fact that that the Ballet Russe's production did not include it (the Ballet Russe's production served as the foundation for nearly all western productions). See also Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo, The Ballets Russes ( French for The Russian Ballets) was a Ballet company established Minkus' music for this Pas can be heard on the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra's recording of Giselle, conducted by Algis Zhuraitis. (This recording was only released onto LP in 1967 and was never re-released. See Melodiya SRB4118 1967, 2 LPs. )

• For Petipa's 1884 revival Minkus reorchestrated and re-edited much of Adolphe Adam's score. This version of the music is still in use by Russian companies, most notably the Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet and the Bolshoi Ballet. The Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra recorded this version twice. (See Melodiya, SRB4118, 1967, 2 LPs, conducted by Algis Zhuraitis) and (Pilz, 441003-2 and 441004-2 1989, also conducted by Algis Zhuraitis. This recording is also available in the 6 CD boxed-set of famous ballet music titled Original Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. )

• In 1978, the choreographer Gerald Arpino used Minkus's rarely heard Act I Pas de Deux for his ballet L'air d'espirit staged for the Joffrey Ballet. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Gerald Arpino (born January 14, 1928) is an American dancer and Choreographer. The Joffrey Ballet is a dance company founded in 1956 From 1995 to 2004 the company was known as The Joffrey Ballet of Chicago.

• The famous conductor Richard Bonynge recorded Adolphe Adam's complete, unedited 1841 score for Giselle in 1987 with the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House. Richard Bonynge, CBE (last name pronounced "bonning" (born 29 September 1930 is an Australian Conductor and pianist Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) (See 2 CDs, Decca 425 185-2. )

• The ballet Giselle was one of the main focuses of Angel during the episode "Waiting in the Wings". Angel is an American Television series, a Spin-off of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Summer Glau performed the part of Giselle. Summer Glau (born July 24 1981 is an American Dancer and actress, best known for playing River Tam in the short-lived Science fiction series

Structure

Act I

• no. 1 Introduction
• no. 2 Scène première
• no. 3 Entrée d'Albrecht
• no. 4 Entrée de Giselle
• no. 5 Scène d'amour
• interpolation - Pas de deux pour Mlle. Maria Gorshenkova (Ludwig Minkus; 1884; this piece was only included in Imperial-era productions)
• no. 6 Scène d'Hilarion
• no. 7 Entrée de la vendageurs
• interpolation - Pas de cinq pour Mlle. Carlotta Grisi (Cesare Pugni; 1850; only included for Grisi's performance)
• no. 8 Valse
• no. 9 Scène dansante
• no. 10 Le récit de Berthe
• no. 11 Le chasse royale et scène
• no. 12 Scène d'Hilarion
• no. 13 Marche des vignerons
• interpolation - Variaton pour Mme. Emma Bessone (aka Pas seul) (Ludwig Minkus; 1887)
• interpolation - Pas de deux pour Mlle. Nathalie Fitzjames (aka Peasant pas de deux)

Fashioned from Souvenirs de Ratisbonne by Friedrich Burgmüller, c. 1841 –

a. Entrée

b. Andante

c. Variation

d. Variation

interpolation - supplemental female variation (Mariinsky Theatre staging) (Cesare Pugni; from the ballet Cupid's Prank; 1890. )

e. Variation

f. Coda

• no. 14 Galop générale
• no. 15 Grand scène dramatique: La folie et la mort de Giselle

Act II

• no. 16 Introduction et scène
• no. 17 Entrée et danse de Myrthe
• no. 18 Entrée des Wilis
• no. 19 Grand pas des Wilis
• no. 20 Entrée de Giselle
• no. 21 Entrée d'Albrecht
• no. 22 L'apparition de Giselle
• no. 23 La mort d'Hilarion
• no. 24 Scène des Wilis
• no. 25 Grand pas d'action —

a. Grand adage

b. Variation de Giselle

c. Variation d'Albert

interpolation - Variation pour Mlle. Adèle Grantzow (Ludwig Minkus; 1867)

d. Coda

• no. 26 Scène finale

Gallery

Carlotta Grisi as Giselle (1841)	Anna Pavlova as Giselle in Act I (ca. Anna Pavlovna Pavlova (А́нна Па́вловна Па́влова (&ndash 23 January, 1931) was a famous Russian Ballerina of the late 1900)	Ballerina Xiomara Reyes as Giselle in Act II (2006)	Adèle Dumilâtre as Myrtha, Queen of the Wilis. Xiomara Reyes is a Principal Dancer with American Ballet Theatre. Colored lithograph, 1843
Famous Russian ballerina Galina Ulanova, as Giselle	English ballerina Beryl Goldwyn, as Giselle	Oxana Kuzmenko

External links

• The Earliest Russian Giselles - discusses the first interpretors of the role of Giselle in Imperial Russia

• Some dance history of Giselle by Suzanne McCarthy for the Royal Ballet

• Giselle Rudolf Nureyev dancing Albrecht in Giselle

Video:

• Short video of excerpts from the Act II pas de deux of Giselle
• Giselle, Act II - Myrtha and the wilis (Kirov/Mariinsky Ballet, 2001)
• (Myrtha, Queen of the Wilis - Act II variation from Giselle (Les Grands Ballets Canadiens de Montreal)

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