"Girautz de Borneill" (as written at top) in a 13th-century chansonnier. A chansonnier (cançoner cançonièr Galician and cancioneiro canzoniere or canzoniéro cancionero is a Manuscript or printed book which contains a

Giraut de Bornelh (c. 1138 – 1215), also known as Guiraut de Borneil(l), was a troubadour, born to a lower class family in the Limousin, probably in Bourney, near Excideuil. A troubadour ( IPA:, originally) was a composer and performer of Occitan Lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100&ndash1350 Limousin ( Occitan: Lemosin) is a former Province of France around the city of Limoges in central France. Excideuil ( Occitan dialect: Eissiduelh) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Aquitaine in southwestern Connected with the castle of the Viscount of Limoges, his skill earned him the nickname of "Master of the Troubadours". Limoges ( Lemòtges / Limòtges in the Limousin dialect of Occitan language) is a city and commune in France, the préfecture

He is credited with the formalisation, if not the invention, of the "light" style, or trobar leu. About ninety of his poems and four of his melodies survive. One of his best pieces is a planh (lament) on the death of Raimbaut of Orange. The planh or plaing is a funeral lament used by the Troubadours modeled on the medieval Latin Planctus. Raimbaut of Orange (c 1147 &ndash 1173 or in Occitan Raimbaut d'Aurenga, was the lord of Orange and Aumelas. In a tenso with king Alfons II of Aragon Giraut contributes to the poetical debate as to whether a lady is dishonoured by taking a lover who is richer than herself. Alfonso II (Aragon or Alfons I (Provence and Barcelona ( Huesca, 1157 &ndash Perpignan, 1196 called the Chaste or the Troubadour This debate was begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier, taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange, and continued in a partimen between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon. Guilhem de Saint-Leidier or Guillem de Saint Deidier was a Troubadour of the 12th century composing in Occitan. Azalais de Porcairagues (also Azalaïs) or Alasais de Porcaragues was a Trobairitz (woman troubadour composing in Occitan in the late 12th Dauphin d'Auvergne, or in Occitan Dalfi d'Alvernha was Count of Clermont and Montferrand (see Rulers of Auvergne) Troubadour Perdigon or Perdigo (fl 1190&ndash1212 was a Troubadour from Lespéron in the Gabales, Diocese of Gévaudan, modern Lozère.

There is the possibility that he accompanied Richard I of England and Aimar V of Limoges on the Third Crusade and stayed a while with the "good prince of Antioch", Bohemond III. Richard I (8 September 1157 &ndash 6 April 1199 was King of England from 6 July 1189 until his death Aimar V Boso (c 1135 in Limoges &ndash c 1199 was the Viscount of Limoges, a petty nobleman in the Loire valley in the Duchy of Aquitaine The Third Crusade (1189&ndash1192 also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin The Principality of Antioch, including parts of modern-day Turkey and Syria, was one of the Crusader states created during the First Crusade Bohemond III of Antioch (1144 &ndash 1201 also known as the Stammerer or the Stutterer, was Prince of Antioch from 1163 to his death He certainly made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, but perhaps before the Crusade. The Holy Land ( Arabic: الأرض المقدسة al-Arḍ ul-Muqaddasah;Ancient Aramaic: ארעא קדישא Ar'a Qaddisha; Hebrew: ארץ_הקודש

Works

Guiraut de Bornelh, (with trans. James H. Donalson), Songs, vol. 1 and Songs, vol. 2 (external links).

References

• Sharman, Ruth V. (1989). The Cansos and Sirventes of the Troubadour Giraut de Borneil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-25635-6.

External links

• Giraud de Borneil - Catholic Encyclopedia article