- For other meanings, see Giga (disambiguation)
Giga- (symbol: G) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting 109, or 1,000,000,000 (1 thousand million). An SI prefix (also known as a metric prefix) is a name or associated symbol that precedes a unit of measure (or its symbol to form a Decimal multiple or This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. The Oxford English Dictionary reports the earliest written use of giga- in this sense to be in the Reports of the IUPAC 14th Conference in 1947: "The following prefixes to abbreviations for the names of units should be used: G giga- 109×". The Oxford English Dictionary ( OED) published by the Oxford University Press (OUP is a comprehensive Dictionary of the English The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC) (aɪjuːpæk or ay-yoo-pec) is an international Non-governmental organization Giga- comes from the Greek γίγας, meaning 'giant'. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία
When referring to computing information units, such as gigabit or gigabyte, giga- can sometimes mean 1,073,741,824 (230), (Though such use is incorrect) and is better used only to denote strictly 1,000,000,000 (109). Computing is usually defined like the activity of using and developing Computer technology Computer hardware and software. A gigabit is a unit of information or computer storage abbreviated Gbit (or Gb) A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer Any ambiguity is best resolved from context. The binary prefix gibi- has been standardized for 230, while reserving giga- exclusively for 109, to resolve this ambiguity, but has yet to achieve widespread usage. In computing binary prefixes are names or associated symbols that can precede a unit of measure (such as a Byte) to indicate multiplication by a power of two See binary prefix. In computing binary prefixes are names or associated symbols that can precede a unit of measure (such as a Byte) to indicate multiplication by a power of two
Contents |
Pronunciation
In English the initial g of giga is properly pronounced with a hard g (as in giggle) but is sometimes pronounced with a soft g (as in giant). English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States According to the American writer Self, in the 1920s a German committee member of the International Electrotechnical Commission proposed giga- as a prefix for 109, drawing on a verse by the humorous poet Christian Morgenstern that appeared in the third (1908) edition of Galgenlieder (Gallows Songs). The International Electrotechnical Commission ( IEC) is a not-for-profit, non-governmental international Standards organization that prepares and publishes Christian Morgenstern ( May 6, 1871 &ndash March 31, 1914) was a German Author and Poet from Munich This suggests a hard German g was originally intended as the pronunciation. Self was unable to ascertain at what point the soft g pronunciation came into occasional use, but as of 1995 current practice had returned to hard g. [1] A prominent example of the soft G pronunciation is found in the 1985 movie Back to the Future, where gigawatts was pronounced as jigawatts. Back to the Future is a 1985 science fiction Comedy film directed by Robert Zemeckis and produced by Steven Spielberg.
In the United States, it is well documented that the National Bureau of Standards issued pronunciation guides for the metric prefixes in the 1960s and again as late as the 1980s, giving the 'g' in "giga" a soft "j" sound, thus formalizing the pronunciation as "jiga"[2] within the United States.
Common usage
- gigabyte — for instance, in hard disk capacity, 120 GB = 120,000,000,000 bytes; in file sizes, 1 GB = 1,073,741,824 bytes (also termed a gibibyte to reduce ambiguity)
- gigahertz — clock rate of a CPU, for instance, 3 GHz = 3,000,000,000 Hz
- gigabit — bandwidth of a network, for instance, 1 Gbit/s = 1,000,000,000 bit/s
- gigayear or gigaannum — one billion (109) complete Julian rotation periods of the Earth about the Sun. A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer A hard disk drive ( HDD) commonly referred to as a hard drive, hard disk, or fixed disk drive, is a Non-volatile storage device A gibibyte (a contraction of gi ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated GiB. The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. The clock rate is the fundamental rate in cycles per second (measured in Hertz) at which a Computer performs its most basic operations such as adding two The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. A gigabit is a unit of information or computer storage abbreviated Gbit (or Gb) In Computer networking and Computer science, digital bandwidth or just bandwidth is the capacity for a given system to transfer data over a connection A computer network is a group of interconnected Computers. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1 Binary digits are a basic unit of Information storage and communication In Astronomy, Geology, and Paleontology, bya or " bya " is an Acronym for billion years ago. Annum is one form of the Latin noun meaning Year, not a form normally used for derivatives in modern languages the accusative singular In Astronomy, Geology, and Paleontology, bya or " bya " is an Acronym for billion years ago. The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. (sometimes abbr. Gyr, but the preferred usage is Ga)
| 1000m | 10n | Prefix | Symbol | Since[1] | Short scale | Long scale | Decimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10008 | 1024 | yotta- | Y | 1991 | Septillion | Quadrillion | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 |
| 10007 | 1021 | zetta- | Z | 1991 | Sextillion | Trilliard | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 |
| 10006 | 1018 | exa- | E | 1975 | Quintillion | Trillion | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 |
| 10005 | 1015 | peta- | P | 1975 | Quadrillion | Billiard | 1 000 000 000 000 000 |
| 10004 | 1012 | tera- | T | 1960 | Trillion | Billion | 1 000 000 000 000 |
| 10003 | 109 | giga- | G | 1960 | Billion | Milliard | 1 000 000 000 |
| 10002 | 106 | mega- | M | 1960 | Million | 1 000 000 | |
| 10001 | 103 | kilo- | k | 1795 | Thousand | 1 000 | |
| 10002/3 | 102 | hecto- | h | 1795 | Hundred | 100 | |
| 10001/3 | 101 | deca- | da | 1795 | Ten | 10 | |
| 10000 | 100 | (none) | (none) | NA | One | 1 | |
| 1000−1/3 | 10−1 | deci- | d | 1795 | Tenth | 0. An SI prefix (also known as a metric prefix) is a name or associated symbol that precedes a unit of measure (or its symbol to form a Decimal multiple or The long and short scales are two different numerical systems used throughout the world Short scale is the English translation of the French The long and short scales are two different numerical systems used throughout the world Short scale is the English translation of the French The decimal ( base ten or occasionally denary) Numeral system has ten as its base. yotta- (symbol Y) is an SI prefix in the SI ( System of units) denoting 1024 or 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used for reasons discussed further below This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. zetta- (symbol Z) is an SI prefix in the SI ( System of units) denoting 1021 or 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used for reasons discussed further below Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used for reasons discussed further below exa- (symbol E) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting 1018 or 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used for reasons discussed further below This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. In Physics and Mathematics, peta- (symbol P) is a prefix in the SI ( System of units) denoting 1015 This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. Names of numbers larger than a quadrillion are almost never used for reasons discussed further below teras- (symbol T) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting 1012, or 1000000000000 (1 trillion This list compares various sizes of positive Numbers including counts of things Dimensionless quantity and probabilities. Milliard is a French -derived word meaning the number 1000000000 (109 one thousand million SI prefix Giga) Mega- (symbol M) is an SI prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 106, 1000000 (one Million Kilo- (symbol k is a prefix in the SI and other systems of units denoting 103 or 1000 hecto- or hecta- (symbol h) is a SI prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 102 (100 deca- or deka- is an SI prefix (symbol da) in the SI system of units also a Numerical prefix (from Greek δέκα Mathematics For any number x: x ·1 = 1· x = x (1 is the multiplicative identity deci- (symbol d) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−1 (1/10 1 | |
| 1000−2/3 | 10−2 | centi- | c | 1795 | Hundredth | 0. centi- (symbol c) is a SI prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−2 or 1/100 01 | |
| 1000−1 | 10−3 | milli- | m | 1795 | Thousandth | 0. "Milli" redirects here for the village in Azerbaijan see Birinci Milli; for similar-sounding words see Millie. 001 | |
| 1000−2 | 10−6 | micro- | µ | 1960[2] | Millionth | 0. micro- ( µ) is a prefix in the SI and other systems of units denoting a factor of 10&minus6 (one Millionth. 000 001 | |
| 1000−3 | 10−9 | nano- | n | 1960 | Billionth | Milliardth | 0. nano- is a prefix (symbol n) in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−9 000 000 001 |
| 1000−4 | 10−12 | pico- | p | 1960 | Trillionth | Billionth | 0. pico- (symbol p) is a prefix denoting a factor of 10-12 in the International System of Units (SI 000 000 000 001 |
| 1000−5 | 10−15 | femto- | f | 1964 | Quadrillionth | Billiardth | 0. femto- is an SI prefix (symbol f) in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−15 or 0 000 000 000 000 001 |
| 1000−6 | 10−18 | atto- | a | 1964 | Quintillionth | Trillionth | 0. atto- (symbol a) is an SI prefix to a unit and means that it is 10−18 times this unit 000 000 000 000 000 001 |
| 1000−7 | 10−21 | zepto- | z | 1991 | Sextillionth | Trilliardth | 0. zepto- (symbol z) is a prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−21 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 |
| 1000−8 | 10−24 | yocto- | y | 1991 | Septillionth | Quadrillionth | 0. yocto- (symbol y) is an SI prefix in the SI system of units denoting a factor of 10−24 or 0 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 |
|
|||||||
See also
Notes and references
- ^ Kevin Self. An SI prefix (also known as a metric prefix) is a name or associated symbol that precedes a unit of measure (or its symbol to form a Decimal multiple or In computing binary prefixes are names or associated symbols that can precede a unit of measure (such as a Byte) to indicate multiplication by a power of two A gibibyte (a contraction of gi ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated GiB. Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second, as defined by the (April 1995). "Technically speaking". Spectrum.
- ^ NBS Special Publication 304 & 304A, revised August, 1981, "A Brief History of Measurement Systems"
External links
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic