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German studies is the field of humanities that researches, documents, and disseminates German language and literature in both its historic and present forms. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. German literature comprises those literary texts written in the German language. Academic departments of German studies often include classes on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Despite the lack of a German nation state prior to 1871 the History of Germany dates back to the era of the Germanic tribes. Politics of Germany takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic Republic, whereby the Federal Chancellor Common German names for the field are Germanistik, Deutsche Philologie, and Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft und Literaturwissenschaft. In English the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used, but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology.

Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics and Germanophone literature studies.

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German linguistics

German linguistics is traditionally called philology in Germany, as there is something of a difference between philologists and linguists. See Comparative linguistics for the narrower field of "comparative philology" It is roughly divided as follows:

In addition, the discipline examines German under various aspects: the way it is spoken and written, i. Middle High German (MHG German Mittelhochdeutsch) is the term used for the period in the history of the German language between 1050 and 1350 Early New High German (ENHG is a term for the period in the history of the German language, generally defined following Wilhelm Scherer, as the period 1350 New High German (NHG is the term used for the most recent period in the history of the German language. Standard German ( German: Hochdeutsch) is the standard varieties of the German language used as a Written language, in formal contexts German dialect is dominated by the geographical spread of the High German consonant shift, and the Dialect continuum that connects the German with e. spelling; declination; vocabulary; sentence structure; texts; etc. It compares the various manifestations such as social groupings (slang, written texts, etc. ) and geographical groupings (dialects, etc. ).

German literature studies

Literary studies is divided into two parts. Ältere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft deals with the period from the beginnings of German in the early Middle Ages up to post-Medieval times around AD 1500, while the modern era is covered by Neuere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft. The field systematically examines German literature in terms of genre, form, content, and motifs as well as looking at it historically by author and epoch. A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set In a Narrative, such as a novel or a film motifs are recurring structures contrasts or literary devices that can help to develop and inform the text’s major themes Important areas include edition philology, history of literature, and textual interpretation. The history of literature is the historical development of Writings in Prose or Poetry which attempt to provide Entertainment, enlightenment The relationships of German literature to the literatures of other languages (e. g. reception and mutual influences) and historical contexts are also important areas of concentration. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory: Fourth Edition (ISBN 0-14-051363-9) is printed in English but contains many German-language literary terms that apply cross-culturally in the field of literary criticism; quite a few of the in terms in the book originated in German but have since been adopted by English-language critics and scholars. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Literary criticism is the study discussion evaluation and interpretation of Literature. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States

German media studies

In recent years, German has looked for links with the fields of communications, cultural studies and media studies. Communication is the process of conveying information from a sender to a receiver with the use of a medium in which the communicated information is understood the same way Cultural studies is an academic discipline which combines Political economy, Communication, Sociology, Social theory, Literary theory Media studies is a collection of academic programs regarding the content history meaning and effects of various media. In addition, the sub-branch of film studies has established itself. Film theory debates the essence of the cinema and provides conceptual frameworks for understanding film's relationship to Reality, the other Arts individual

History of German studies

As an unsystematic field of interest for individual scholars, German studies can be traced back to Tacitus' Germania. Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (ca 56 &ndash ca 117 was a senator and a Historian of the Roman Empire. The publication and study of legal and historical source material, such as Medieval Bible translations, were all undertaken during the German Renaissance of the sixteenth century, truly initiating the field of German studies. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin The German Renaissance, part of the Northern Renaissance, was a cultural and artistic movement that spread among German thinkers in the 15th and 16th As an independent university subject, German studies was introduced at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Georg Friedrich Benecke, the Brothers Grimm, and Karl Lachmann. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The Brothers Grimm ( German: Die Gebrüder Grimm) Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, Karl Konrad Friedrich Wilhelm Lachmann ( March 4, 1793 - March 13, 1851) was a German Philologist and Critic.

See also

Bibliography

Books

Journals

External links

University departments and research institutions

http://www.virginia.edu/german/

Dictionary

German studies

-noun

  1. (humanities) A field that researches, documents, and disseminates German language and literature in both its historic and present forms.
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