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Favicon of Wikipedia German Wikipedia
German Wikipedia logo
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URL http://de.wikipedia.org/
Commercial? No
Type of site Internet encyclopedia project
Registration Optional
Available language(s) German
Owner Wikimedia Foundation
Created by German wiki community
Launched 16 March 2001

The German Wikipedia (German: Deutschsprachige Wikipedia) is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Uniform Resource Locator is an URI which also specifies where the identified resource is available and the protocol for retrieving it An internet encyclopedia project is a large database of useful information accessible via World Wide Web In the Philosophy of language, a natural language (or ordinary language) is a Language that is spoken or written in phonemic-alphabetic or phonemically-related The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The Wikimedia Foundation Inc is a Non-profit charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. ***************************************************************************************** * * An encyclopedia (or '''encyclopædia''') is a comprehensive written Compendium that contains Information on either all branches of Knowledge It is the second largest Wikipedia, after the English Wikipedia, and was one of the first to be created. The English Wikipedia is the English language edition of Wikipedia.

Contents

History

The first non-English Wikipedia subdomain was the German one; it was announced by Jimmy Wales on 16 March 2001. Jimmy Donal "Jimbo" Wales (born August 7 1966 is an American Internet entrepreneur known Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. [1] Creation of articles in the German Wikipedia started in May 2001,[2] later than in the Catalan Wikipedia. The Catalan Wikipedia ( Viquipèdia in Catalan) is the Catalan language edition of Wikipedia.

Size, coverage and popularity

Article growth, 2001 - June 2007
Article growth, 2001 - June 2007

As of May 2008, this edition had more than 750,000 articles[3], ranking second in size behind the English language edition. The English Wikipedia is the English language edition of Wikipedia. 98%[4] of the articles had more than 200 characters, 89%[4] had more than 512 bytes, 44%[4] had more than 2 KB, the average article size was 3153[4] bytes or 430[4] words. This edition had nearly 125,000 biographies and more than 48,500 disambiguations. [5]

Compared to the English Wikipedia, the German one tends to be more selective in its coverage, often rejecting small stubs, articles about fictional characters and similar materials. The English Wikipedia is the English language edition of Wikipedia. This is not always the case however; though all characters from Star Wars have been condensed into one article, characters such as Abu el-Hasan from the Thousand and One Nights and Wolverine have their own pages. Yet despite its rejection of articles on fictional subjects, the German Wikipedia is keeping at least one fictitious entry: it has had an entry on the nonexistent insect "Leuchtschnabelbeutelschabe" since January 2003, which was kept after deletion discussions in January 2005 [6] and June 2006 [7][8]; more recent requests for deletion are no longer even discussed[9]. Fictitious entries, also known as fake entries, Mountweazels, and Nihilartikels, are deliberately incorrect entries or articles in reference works such However, this article is an exception as it is considered (according to the deletion request discussions) to be comparable to the fictitious entry Stone louse in a German medical encyclopedic dictionary as the German Wikipedia's "classic" mascot joke entry. The stone louse ( Petrophaga lorioti, in German Steinlaus) is a fictitious animal created by German humorist Loriot The German Wikipedia doesn't usually tolerate fictitious entries.

One aspect where the German Wikipedia has a larger and more complete coverage than the English Wikipedia is towns and villages in the Czech and Slovak Republics, Poland and other Central and eastern European countries. This is largely because of the large German minorities (or sometimes even majorities) that used to live in these countries before the end of the Second World War.

The January 2005, Google Zeitgeist announced that "Wikipedia" was the #8 most searched query on Google. January 2005: ← - January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September This page is a summary of services and tools provided by Google Inc de, ranking only behind the tsunami, George Bush, firefox, Schnappi, Rudolph Moshammer, Saturn, and Angelina Jolie. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Schnappi das kleine Krokodil ( Snappy the Little Crocodile) is a German children's cartoon character and the stage name of Joy Gruttmann, who also voices Rudolph Moshammer ( September 27, 1940 – January 14, 2005) was a German Fashion designer. Saturn is a German chain of Electronics stores now found in several European countries Angelina Jolie (born Angelina Jolie Voight on June 4 1975 is an American film actor In February 2005 Wikipedia reached third place behind Firefox and Valentine's Day. Valentine's Day or Saint Valentine's Day is a Holiday celebrated on February 14 In June 2005, Wikipedia ranked first.

Language and dialects

Number of members
Number of members

The German Wikipedia is written in the German language as recommended by the Duden. The Duden ( is a German Dictionary, first published by Konrad Duden in 1880 Swiss or Austrian idiosyncrasies are accepted only in articles of regional scope. Swiss German ( Schweizerdeutsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken Austrian German ( Österreichisches Deutsch, Austrian Standard German) is the national standard variety of the German language spoken in The differences are smaller than those between American English and British English; for instance, the Swiss don't use the sharp S (ß) and write ss instead. Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the The letter ß ( Unicode U+00DF is a letter in the German alphabet.

German dialects like Swiss German are not used in the German Wikipedia. German dialect is dominated by the geographical spread of the High German consonant shift, and the Dialect continuum that connects the German with Swiss German ( Schweizerdeutsch, Schwyzerdütsch, Schwiizertüütsch, Schwizertitsch) is any of the Alemannic dialects spoken Separate Wikipedias have been created for several German dialects, including Alemannic German (als:), Low German (nds:), (lb:), Pennsylvania German (pdc:), Ripuarian (formerly Kölsch; ksh:), and Bavarian (bar:). Alemannic German ( Alemannisch) is a group of Dialects of the Upper German branch of the Germanic language family. Low German or Low Saxon (in Germany: Plattdüütsch or Nedderdüütsch; in Netherlands: Nedersaksisch or Nederduuts Pennsylvania German (also Pennsylvania Dutch, Deitsch, Pennsylvania Deutsch, Pennsilfaanisch-Deitsch, Pennsilfaani-Deitsch, Pennsilveni-Deitsch German Middle German West Middle German Ripuarian Ripuarian ( Ripoarish or Ripuarisch Platt, literally "Riverine" or "Riparian Low German" Kölsch (Colognian is a very closely related small set of Dialects or variants of the Ripuarian Central German group of languages Austro-Bavarian or Bavarian is a major group of Upper German varieties.

Characteristics

Daily requests for deletion, de facto deleted articles and the ratio of these two values
Daily requests for deletion, de facto deleted articles and the ratio of these two values

The German Wikipedia is different from the English Wikipedia in a number of aspects.

Reviewed versions

At Wikimania 2006, Jimbo Wales announced that the German Wikipedia would soon institute a system of "stable article versions" on a trial basis. Jimmy Donal "Jimbo" Wales (born August 7 1966 is an American Internet entrepreneur known The system went live in May 2008. Certain users are now able to mark article versions as "reviewed", indicating that the text contains no obvious vandalism. A note in the top right corner of the screen indicates to the reader whether or not the present version of an article has already been reviewed, and provides access to the most recent reviewed version or a more current, unreviewed version as needed.

Unique projects and miscellanea

The Exhibition "Five Years of Wikipedia" at the Göttingen University library, March 2006
The Exhibition "Five Years of Wikipedia" at the Göttingen University library, March 2006

Community organisation

Since July 2004 some German Wikipedians have employed a web of trust known as Vertrauensnetz: they use a special template on a subpage of their user page to list all the other users whom they trust, along with reasons for the trust and links to the other users' trust pages. The University of Göttingen ( German: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) is a University in the city of Göttingen, Germany. This page is about concept of web of trust. For internet security tool see In Cryptography, a web of trust is a concept used in PGP, This "trust" is not meant as personal sympathy, but as testimony of serious engagement with the Wikipedia project. By using the "What links here" feature, one can then also obtain a list of all participants who trust a given user.

In February 2006 a new experimental project was started with the goal of evaluating users, providing feedback, and eventually eliminating the voting for adminships. Every participating user keeps a special evaluation subpage of their user page; others can leave positive or negative evaluations (with reasons) of the user on that page. A central page keeps track of the net number of positive evaluations received by every participant.

Events

The first real-life meetup of Wikipedians took place in October 2003 in Munich. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany.

Each spring and autumn the German Wikipedia organizes a writing contest where a community elected jury rates nominated articles. Prizes are sponsored by individual community members and companies. The first contest was held in October 2004, among the 44 nominations the article Kloster Lehnin won. The second contest in March saw 52 contributions, the third in September 2005 already 70. A trial to extend the contest to an international level met with limited success, only the Dutch, English and Japanese Wikipedias participated in the end[16] For the writing contest in March 2006 the 150 nominations were split in three sections, history & society (56 nominations), arts & humanities (36) and science (46). The article on the Braunbär (Brown Bear) won, 27 articles reached featured status a few weeks after the contest. [17] In March 2007 there was the 6th edition with the winning article Haager Konvention zum Schutz von Kulturgut bei bewaffneten Konflikten (Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict). The Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict adopted at The Hague ( Netherlands) on May 14, 1954

German Wikipedians organized the first international Wikipedia conference, Wikimania 2005, in August 2005 in Frankfurt. Wikimania is a conference for users of the Wiki projects operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Some 300 people from over 50 countries attended the three-day conference.

From 17 March to 15 April 2006, the Göttingen State and University Library held a special exhibition documenting the first 5 years of Wikipedia. The Göttingen State and University Library (German Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen or SUB Göttingen English short form Goettingen SUB is the library [18]

In 2006 at the University of Göttingen the first Wikipedia Academy was held. The University of Göttingen ( German: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) is a University in the city of Göttingen, Germany. The Academy is intended to familiarize the academic world with Wikimedia projects. In 2007 the second meeting took place. This year the event was organized in conjunction with the Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur (Academy of Science and Literature) in Mainz and was a part of the German Jahr der Geisteswissenschaften (Year of the Humanities), organized by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research. Mainz (ˈmaɪ̯nʦ (Mayence is a City in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative BMBF redirects here It can also refer to the British Mountain Bike Federation. The event had a remarkable impact on German scholars' view of Wikipedia and its sister projects in general. A third meeting is scheduled for 20-21 June 2008 in Berlin[19]. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany.

Contacts with Brockhaus

In April 2004, a complete list of article titles from the leading German encyclopedia Brockhaus was uploaded to the German Wikipedia, in an apparent attempt to facilitate the creation of still missing articles. The Brockhaus Enzyklopädie is a German-language Encyclopedia published by Brockhaus. A representative of Brockhaus asked for and obtained the deletion of what was believed to be a copyright infringement. As a result of the developing email conversation, a group of five Wikipedians visited the "new media" group of Brockhaus in Mannheim on 01 July 2004. Mannheim is a City in Germany. With 327318 inhabitants it is the second-largest city in the state of Baden-Württemberg after the capital Stuttgart [20] The friendly meeting saw a lively discussion of the differing approaches to writing an encyclopedia; it became clear that Brockhaus had closely observed Wikipedia for quite some time.

Article-free Sunday

On 23 November 2006, the number of articles at German Wikipedia reached 500,000. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. As a response to this and to the perception that quality control was not keeping up with article creation, it was proposed to declare 10 December 2006 "Article-free Sunday", a day where participants voluntarily agree to post no new articles, but instead focus on improving existing ones. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. It was also proposed to declare 10 December "Counter-action Article-free Sunday", a day where participants create missing articles and improve existing ones. Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V

Subsidies from the German government

In June 2007 a project on renewable resources (WikiProjekt Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) has started. A natural resource qualifies as a renewable resource if it is replenished by natural processes at a rate comparable or faster than its rate of consumption by humans or other users [21] [22] The goal is to write and improve articles on the topic. The project runs for three years and is subsidized by the German Ministery of Agriculture with approximately €80,000 a year. The Federal Ministry for Food Agriculture and Consumer Protection is a ministry in Germany. It is organised and managed by the private company "nova-Institut GmbH". Nova GmbH and Wikimedia Deutschland e. V. fund the project with approximately €60,000 a year in addition, so the budget is approximately €420,000 in total.

These funds are mainly used to organise the project and also to search for experts in the field who have not contributed to Wikipedia yet. Nova may also pay expense allowances to authors.

Reviews and research

In September 2004, the respected computer magazine c't compared the German Wikipedia with the Brockhaus Multimedia encyclopedia and the German edition of Microsoft's Encarta. c't (short for Computertechnik, ie computer technology originally an abbreviation for computing today) is a German computer Magazine, published The Brockhaus Enzyklopädie is a German-language Encyclopedia published by Brockhaus. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer Encarta is a Digital Multimedia Encyclopedia published by Microsoft Corporation. On a scale from 0 to 5, Wikipedia 'won' with a total score of 3. 4. [23]

A few weeks later, the weekly newspaper Die Zeit also compared content from Wikipedia with other reference works and found that Wikipedia only has to "share its lead position in the field of natural science. DIE ZEIT (diː tsait in German literally The Time more idiomatically The Times) is a German nationwide weekly Newspaper that "

The DVD version of Spring 2005 received a rather negative review by Björn Hoffmann — product manager working for the Bibliographisches Institut & F.A. Brockhaus in July 2005. The Brockhaus Enzyklopädie is a German-language Encyclopedia published by Brockhaus.

In November 2005 the openusability project in cooperation with the Berlin based Relevantive AG conducted a usability test of the German Wikipedia. [24] The study focused on finding information and included a set of recommendations to change the MediaWiki interface. In February 2006 the open usability project led a second test which focused on the experience of new editors. [25] The reports were published in English.

A second test by c't in February 2007 used 150 search terms, of which 56 were closely evaluated, to compare four digital encyclopedias: Bertelsmann Enzyklopädie 2007, Brockhaus Multimedial premium 2007, Encarta 2007 Enzyklopädie and Wikipedia. Bertelsmann AG is a transnational media corporation founded in 1835 based in Gütersloh, Germany. With respect to concerns about the reliability of Wikipedia, it concluded: "We did not find more errors in the texts of the free encyclopedia than in those of its commercial competitors". The reliability of Wikipedia, compared to both other Encyclopedias and more specialized sources is often assessed in several ways including statistically, by comparative [26]

In December 2007, German magazine Stern published the results of a comparison between the German Wikipedia and the online version of the 15-volume edition of Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Stern ( English "Star" is a weekly News magazine published in Germany. The Brockhaus Enzyklopädie is a German-language Encyclopedia published by Brockhaus. The test was commissioned to a research institute (Cologne-based WIND GmbH), whose analysts assessed 50 articles from each encyclopedia (covering politics, business, sports, science, culture, entertainment, geography, medicine, history and religion) on four criteria (accuracy, completeness, timeliness and clarity), and judged Wikipedia articles to be more accurate on the average (1. 6 on a scale from 1 to 6, versus 2. 3 for Brockhaus with lower = better). Wikipedia's coverage was also found to be more complete and up to date, however Brockhaus was judged to be more clearly written, while several Wikipedia articles were criticized as being too complicated for non-experts, and many as too lengthy. [27][28] [29]

Off-line publication

CD November 2004

In November 2004, Directmedia Publishing GmbH started distributing a CD-ROM containing a German Wikipedia snapshot. Directmedia Publishing is a German publishing house created in January 1995 by Ralf Szymanski and Erwin Jurschitza as a publisher of Digital media Some 40,000 CDs were sent to registered customers of directmedia. A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio The price was 3 euros per CD. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e

The display and search software used for the project, Digibib, had been developed by Directmedia Publishing for earlier publications; it ran on Windows and Mac OS X (and now also on Linux). Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks The Wikipedia articles had to be converted to the XML format used by Digibib. Don't change "Extensible"

To produce the CD, a dump of the live Wikipedia had been copied to a separate server, where a team of 70 Wikipedians vetted the material, deleting nonsense articles and obvious copyright violations. Questionable articles were added to a special list, to be reviewed later. The final CD contained 132,000 articles and 1,200 images.

The ISO image was distributed for free via eMule and BitTorrent. An ISO image is an Archive file (aka Disk image) of an Optical disc using a conventional ISO ( International Organization for Standardization eMule is a free Peer-to-peer file sharing application for Microsoft Windows. BitTorrent is a Peer-to-peer File sharing protocol used to distribute large amounts of Data. In December, the CHIP computer magazine placed the Wikipedia data on the DVD that it distributes with every issue. CHIP is a computer and communications Magazine. Competitors in its German home market include Computer Bild PC-Welt and C't. DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is The Wikipedia materials are published under GFDL while the Digibib software may only be copied for non-commercial use, except the Linux version which is GPLed. The GNU Free Documentation License ( GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a Copyleft License for free documentation designed by the Free Software

CD/DVD April 2005

DVD Label of German off-line Wikipedia publication.
DVD Label of German off-line Wikipedia publication.

A new release of Wikipedia content was published by Directmedia on 6 April 2005. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This package consisted of a 2. 7 GB DVD and a separate bootable CDROM (running a version of Linux with Firefox). The CDROM did not contain all the data, but was included to accommodate users without DVD-drives. The DVD used Directmedia's Digibib software and article format; everything could be installed to a hard drive. In addition, the DVD contained an HTML tree, as well as Wikipedia articles formatted for use with PDAs (specifically, the Mobipocket and TomeRaider formats). Mobipocket SA is a French company incorporated in March 2000 which produces Mobipocket Reader software a universal reader for PDAs. TomeRaider - is an Ebook reader and cross-platform reference viewer for handheld devices devices ( Windows Mobile Pocket PC, Palm OS

German Wikipedians have developed a special format for meta data about persons (name, birth date and place etc. Metadata ( meta data, or sometimes metainformation) is "data about data" of any sort in any media ) known as Personendaten. The main aim of this system was to aid the search features of the DVD. Personendaten were added to some 35,000 biographical articles on the live Wikipedia, partly aided by a somewhat automatic tool. [30]

The vetting process was similar to the one for the CD described above and took place on a separate MediaWiki server. The process took about a week and involved 33 Wikipedians, communicating on IRC. To prevent duplication of work, editors would protect every article that they had reviewed; links to protected articles were shown in green. Lists of potential spammed or vandalized articles had been produced ahead of time with SQL queries. Unacceptable articles were simply deleted on the spot. While the XML articles for the earlier CD version had been produced from HTML, this time a script was used to convert Wiki markup directly to the Digibib format. The final DVD contained about 205,000 articles, with every article linking to a list of contributors.

Directmedia sold 30,000 DVDs, at €9. 90 each. This price included 16% taxes and a one-euro donation to Wikimedia Deutschland; production costs were about €2. The DVD image can also be downloaded for free.

Following the successful launch of the DVD, Directmedia donated high-resolution pictures of 10,000 public domain paintings to Wikimedia Commons (see related Signpost story). Wikimedia Commons (or simply Commons) is a repository of Free content images sound and other multimedia files

DVD/book December 2005

The 2005 DVD/book version of German Wikipedia.
The 2005 DVD/book version of German Wikipedia.

The next edition of Wikipedia content was issued in December 2005 by the publisher Zenodot Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, a sister company of Directmedia. A 139 page book explaining Wikipedia, its history and policies was accompanied by a 7. 5 GB DVD containing 300,000 articles and 100,000 images. The book with DVD is sold for €9. 90; both are also available for free download. [31]

The vetting process for this version was different and did not involve human intervention. A "white list" of trusted Wikipedians was assembled, the last 10 days of every article's history were examined, and the last version edited by a white-listed Wikipedian was chosen for the DVD. A whitelist is a list of accepted items or persons in a set This list is inclusionary confirming that the item being analyzed is acceptable If no such version existed, the last version older than 10 days was used. Articles nominated for cleanup or deletion were not used.

DVD December 2006/2007 and 2007/2008

The December 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 edition can be downloaded from dvd.wikimedia.org.

Zeno. org

Main article: Zeno.org

Zeno. Zenoorg ( ˈɔʀg is a Digital library with German texts and other content such as pictures facsimile etc org is a digital library with German texts and other content such as pictures, facsimile, etc. , started by the Zenodo. The content is based on the digital libraries from the CDs and DVDs published by Directmedia, The Yorck Projekt and Zenodot. It includes a stable mirror of the German Wikipedia, purchaseable as German language Wikipedia DVD-ROM. ***************************************************************************************** * *

Books

Wikipress series

The December 2005 book about Wikipedia was the first in a series titled Wikipress. These books, published by Zenodot, consisted of a collection of Wikipedia articles about a common topic, selected and edited by so-called "Wikipeditors" who may receive compensation from Directmedia. The books were assembled on a separate server from those used for the regular German Wikipedia pages. Every Wikipress book was accompanied by an "edit card", a post card that readers could send in to edit the book's contents. Wikipress books about the Nobel Peace Prize, bicycles, Antarctica, the solar system, and Hip Hop, amongst others, were released, and other books on topics as diverse as Whales, Conspiracy theories, Manga, Astrophysics, and the Red Cross were in the works. The Nobel Peace Prize ( Swedish, Danish and Nobels fredspris is one of five Nobel Prizes Bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind The Solar System consists of the Sun and those celestial objects bound to it by Gravity. Hip hop is a cultural movement which developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among African Americans and Latinos. Whales are marine mammals which are neither Dolphins (ie members of the families Delphinidae or Platanistoidae) nor Porpoises Orcas A conspiracy theory attributes the ultimate cause of an event or chain of events (usually Political, Social or Historical events or the concealment ˈmɑŋgə is the Japanese word for Comics (sometimes called komikku コミック and print Cartoons In their modern form manga date from shortly Astrophysics is the branch of Astronomy that deals with the Physics of the Universe, including the physical properties ( Luminosity, The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an International humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers worldwide who stated [32] Due to lack of interest, the project was ended after a few books.

100 volume Wikipedia

The publisher Zenodot announced in January 2006 that they intend to publish the complete German Wikipedia in print, 100 volumes with 800 pages each, starting with the letter A in October 2006, followed by two volumes each month thereafter, to end with Z in 2010. The project, code named WP 1. 0, was to be supported by 25 editors employed by Zenodot as well as a scientific advisory board. Changes made to articles before publication would also be available for incorporation into the online Wikipedia.

In March 2006, Zenodot organized a "community day" to meet with Wikipedians and discuss the project. Groups of Wikipedians had already begun to polish articles with titles Aa-Af in selected topics. In late March it was announced that the project was put on hold and no books would be published in 2006; the reason given was that community support was lacking. [33]

Bertelsmann

On April 23, 2008, the publisher Bertelsmann announced that it planned to publish a one-volume encyclopedia in September using content from the German-language Wikipedia. Events 215 BC - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Bertelsmann AG is a transnational media corporation founded in 1835 based in Gütersloh, Germany. The volume is planned to include abbreviated entries for the 50,000 most commonly used search terms of the prior two years. The book is to be priced at 19. 95 euros, with one euro from every sale going to the German chapter of the Wikimedia Foundation [34]

Legal issues and controversies

Unauthorized uses

In March 2005, the German news magazine Der Spiegel published an article on the Rwandan Genocide in its online edition; it was a copy of Wikipedia's article. The Wikimedia Foundation Inc is a Non-profit charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, Der Spiegel (pronounced /deːɐ ˈʃpiːɡəl/ German for "The Mirror" is a German weekly Magazine, published in Hamburg The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda 's minority Tutsis and the moderates of its Hutu majority The article was taken down soon after and replaced with an apology. [35]

In April 2005, the encyclopedia Brockhaus published an article about the new pope Josef Ratzinger in its online edition. Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger Because of its close similarity to Wikipedia's article, suspicion arose right away that the Brockhaus article might have been plagiarism. The article was removed soon after but Brockhaus did not apologize or admit guilt (see the Wikipedia Signpost's coverage. )

Large-scale copyright infringement (2003-2005)

In mid-November 2005, it was discovered that an anonymous user had entered hundreds of articles from older encyclopedias that had been published in the 1970s and 1980s in East Germany. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state The articles were mainly on topics in philosophy and related areas. The user had started in December 2003.

A press release was issued and numerous editors started to remove the copyright protected materials. This was made difficult by the fact that the old encyclopedias were not online and not easily available from many West German libraries, and that the user had used numerous different IP addresses. The Directmedia DVD had to be updated. [36]

Bertrand Meyer article hoax

On December 28, 2005, the article on well-known computer scientist Bertrand Meyer (creator of the Eiffel programming language) was edited by an anonymous user, falsely reporting that Meyer had died four days earlier. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Bertrand Meyer (born 1950 in France) is an academic author and consultant in the field of computer languages Eiffel is an ISO -standardized Object-oriented Programming language designed to enable programmers to efficiently develop extensible reusable reliable The hoax was reported five days later by the Heise News Ticker and the article was immediately corrected. Heinz Heise is a German publishing house. It was created in Hanover in 1949 as an address and Telephone directory publisher then Many major news media in Germany and Switzerland picked up on the story, creating the German Wikipedia's (admittedly negligible) version of the Seigenthaler incident. In the History of Wikipedia, the Seigenthaler incident refers to a series of events that began in May 2005 when Brian Chase anonymously posted a hoax article in Wikipedia Meyer himself went on to publish a positive evaluation of Wikipedia, concluding "The system succumbed to one of its potential flaws, and quickly healed itself. This doesn't affect the big picture. Just like those about me, rumors about Wikipedia's downfall have been grossly exaggerated. "[37]

Naming Tron

In 2006, Wikimedia Deutschland was drawn into a legal dispute between the parents of the deceased German computer hacker Tron and Wikimedia. Boris Floricic, better known by his Pseudonym The parents do not wish the hacker's real name to be publicly mentioned, and in December 2005 they had obtained a preliminary injunction in a Berlin court against the American Wikimedia Foundation, requiring removal of the hacker's name from Wikipedia. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. The Wikimedia Foundation Inc is a Non-profit charitable organization headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, The name was not removed. On January 19, 2006 they obtained a second injunction, this time against Wikimedia Deutschland, prohibiting the address www. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. wikipedia. de (which is under control of Wikimedia Deutschland) to redirect to the German Wikipedia at de. wikipedia. org (which is controlled by the American Wikimedia Foundation and hosts the actual encyclopedia) as long as Wikipedia mentions the hacker's name. Wikimedia Deutschland complied and replaced the redirect with a note explaining the situation, but without mentioning the Tron case specifically. The German Wikipedia remained accessible through de. wikipedia. org during this time. One day later, Wikimedia Deutschland achieved a suspension of the injunction, and linked from the note at www. wikipedia. de to the German Wikipedia. On February 9, the court invalidated the injunction, ruling that neither the rights of the deceased nor the rights of the parents were affected by publishing the name; this ruling was upheld on appeal, decided May 12. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

Parodies and forks

Parodies of the German Wikipedia include Kamelopedia, born in April 2004, Stupidedia, born in December 2004, and the German version of Uncyclopedia, created in August 2005. [38]

One longtime contributor to the German Wikipedia, frustrated with what he saw as the lack of quality and the inclusion of un-encyclopedic material, produced a fork known as Wikiweise in April 2005. In Software engineering, a project fork happens when developers take a copy of Source code from one software package and start independent development Wikiweise is a German language Wiki Encyclopedia started by Ulrich Fuchs a former administrator in the German Wikipedia, in April 2005 It is ad-supported, uses its own software (but a similar wiki markup), admits only registered editors, and prominently displays the real names of every article's major contributors.


References

  1. ^ Jimmy Wales: [Wikipedia-l] Alternative language wikipedias, 16 March 2001
  2. ^ First article was apparently Polymerase-Kettenreaktion
  3. ^ Statistics in the German Wikipedia
  4. ^ a b c d e http://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesWikipediaDE.htm 5 June, 2007
  5. ^ http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spezial:Mostlinked 29 December, 2006
  6. ^ [1]
  7. ^ [2]
  8. ^ [3]
  9. ^ [4]
  10. ^ http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2005-September/031526.html
  11. ^ http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Longest_page_protections%2C_September_2005
  12. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub, http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub
  13. ^ German Wikipedia:Poll about the abolishment of the stub template, 28 December 2005
  14. ^ German Wikipedia: Poll about uploading images exclusively in Wikimedia Commons
  15. ^ German Wikipedia: Question regarding image upload and Wikimedia Commons
  16. ^ International writing contest, March 2005.
  17. ^ Writing contest (German)
  18. ^ Exhibition "Fünf Jahre Wikipedia, exhibition charts and photos
  19. ^ Wikipedia Academy web site (German)
  20. ^ Report: Wikipedia meets Brockhaus
  21. ^ nova-Institut (2007-06-26): Nachwachsende Rohstoffe in die Wikipedia! Press release. Accessed online 2007-10-24.
  22. ^ Fachagentur Nachwachsede Rohstoffe (FNR) e. V. Projektbeschreibung: Nachwachsende Rohstoffe im Wikipedia-Online-Lexikon. Accessed online 2007-10-24.
  23. ^ Experts report : passion outclasses flashy sex appeal (Wikipedia) October 4, 2004
  24. ^ Usability test: Finding Information in the German Wikipedia - Test Results November 2005
  25. ^ Usability Test Results Available: "Editing in Wikipedia", 7 March 2006
  26. ^ Dorothee Wiegand: "Entdeckungsreise. Digitale Enzyklopädien erklären die Welt". c't 6/2007, March 5, 2007, p. 136-145. Original quote: "Wir haben in den Texten der freien Enzyklopädie nicht mehr Fehler gefunden als in denen der kommerziellen Konkurrenz"
  27. ^ Wikipedia: Wissen für alle. Stern 50/2007, December 6, 2007, pp. 30-44
  28. ^ Wikipedia schlägt Brockhaus Stern online, December 5, 2007 (summary of the test, German)
  29. ^ K. C. Jones: German Wikipedia Outranks Traditional Encyclopedia's Online Version. InformationWeek, December 7, 2007
  30. ^ Wikipedia: Personendaten
  31. ^ Heise newsticker: Neue Wikipedia-DVD im Handel und zum Download, 9 December 2005 (German)
  32. ^ Hauptseite
  33. ^ Heise newsticker: Wikipedia wird noch nicht gedruckt, 24 March 2006 (German)
  34. ^ "Wikipedia to go book-based in Germany", Agence France-Presse, 23 April 2008
  35. ^ German Spiegel Copied Wikipedia March 9, 2005
  36. ^ Report on copyright infringement
  37. ^ Defense and illustration of Wikipedia, by Bertrand Meyer, January 2006
  38. ^ Chip. InformationWeek is a multimedia brand with a weekly print magazine online site face-to-face and virtual events and research Agence France-Presse ( AFP) is the oldest News agency in the world and one of the three largest with Associated Press and Reuters. de: Brockhaus für Kamele - Wikipedia-Parodien, 11 March 2008 (German)

External links and sources

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