In enzymology, a germacrene-A synthase (EC 4.2.3.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate
(+)-(R)-gemacrene A + diphosphate
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate, and two products, (+)-(R)-gemacrene A and diphosphate. Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins This article is about the Enzyme Commission codes For the European Commission system for coding chemicals see EC-No. Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP is an intermediate in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of Terpenes and Terpenoids It A product is a substance that forms as a result of a Biological - or Chemical reaction. In Chemistry, the Anion, the Salts and the Esters of Pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates.
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. In Biochemistry, a lyase is an Enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of various Chemical bonds by means other than Hydrolysis and Oxidation The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [(+)-(R)-germacrene-A-forming]. Other names in common use include germacrene A synthase, (+)-germacrene A synthase, (+)-(10R)-germacrene A synthase, GAS, 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase, and (germacrene-A-forming).
References
- IUBMB entry for 4.2.3.23
- BRENDA references for 4.2.3.23 (Recommended. )
- PubMed references for 4.2.3.23
- PubMed Central references for 4.2.3.23
- Google Scholar references for 4.2.3.23
- Wallaart TE (2002). "Isolation and characterization of two germacrene A synthase cDNA clones from chicory". Plant. Physiol. 129: 134–44. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 12011345.
- Beale MH (2002). "(+)-(10R)-Germacrene A synthase from goldenrod, Solidago canadensis cDNA isolation, bacterial expression and functional analysis". Phytochemistry. 60: 691–702. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 12127586.
- de Kraker JW, Franssen MC, de Groot A, Konig WA, Bouwmeester HJ (1998). "(+)-Germacrene A biosynthesis . The committed step in the biosynthesis of bitter sesquiterpene lactones in chicory". Plant. Physiol. 117: 1381–92. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 9701594.
- Calvert MJ, Ashton PR, Allemann RK (2002). "Germacrene A is a product of the aristolochene synthase-mediated conversion of farnesylpyrophosphate to aristolochene". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124: 11636–41. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 12296728.
- Chang YJ, Jin J, Nam HY, Kim SU (2005). "Point mutation of (+)-germacrene A synthase from Ixeris dentata". Biotechnol. Lett. 27: 285–8. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 15834787.
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