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Gepidia
Gepidia

The Gepids (Latin: Gepidae, Old English: Gifðas (Beowulf, Widsith) - possibly from *Gibiðos, "givers" [1] or gepanta, see below) were an East Germanic Gothic tribe most famous in history for defeating the Huns after the death of Attila. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Beowulf is an Old English Heroic epic poem of anonymous authorship dating as recorded in the Nowell Codex manuscript from between Widsith is an Old English poem of 144 lines that appears to date from the 9th century drawing on earlier Oral traditions of Anglo-Saxon tale singing The Germanic tribes referred to as East Germanic constitute a wave of Migrants who may have moved from Scandinavia into the area between the Oder The Goths ( Gothic: Gothic usvg|14px|u]]Gothic asvg|14px|a]]Gothic s The Huns were an early confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads with a Turkic core of aristocracy The state of the Gepids was commonly known as Gepidia[2] or Kingdom of the Gepids, whose territory is composed of modern Romania. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania

Contents

History

Eastern Hemisphere in 475 AD, showing the Gepid Kingdom and its neighbors.
Eastern Hemisphere in 475 AD, showing the Gepid Kingdom and its neighbors.

The Gepids were first mentioned around A.D. 260, when they participated with the Goths in an invasion in Dacia, where they were settled in Jordanes' time, the mid 6th century. Dacia, in ancient geography was the land of the Dacians. It was named by the ancient Hellenes ( Greeks) " Getae " Jordanes (also Jordanis or even Iornandes) was a 6th century Roman Bureaucrat, who turned his hand to History later in life The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Their early origins are reported in Jordanes' Origins and Deeds of the Goths, where he claims that their name derives from their later and slower migration from Scandinavia:

You surely remember that in the beginning I said the Goths went forth from the bosom of the island of Scandza with Berig, their king, sailing in only three ships toward the hither shore of Ocean, namely to Gothiscandza. Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well Scandza was the name given to Scandinavia by Jordanes, in his work Getica. Berig was according to Jordanes the king who led the Goths on three ships from Scandza (Scandinavia to Gothiscandza (the Vistula According to a tale related by Jordanes, Gothiscandza was the first settlement of the Goths after their migration from Scandinavia ( Scandza) One of these three ships proved to be slower than the others, as is usually the case, and thus is said to have given the tribe their name, for in their language gepanta means slow. . (xvii. 94-95)[3]

The first settlement of the Gepids were at the mouth of the Vistula River, which runs south to north from the Polish Carpathian mountains. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians (Carpaţi Czech, Polish and Slovak: Karpaty; Ukrainian: Карпати

These Gepidae were then smitten by envy while they dwelt in the province of Spesis on an island surrounded by the shallow waters of the Vistula. This island they called, in the speech of their fathers, Gepedoios (perhaps Gibið-aujos, meaning "Gepid waterlands" [1]); but it is now inhabited by the race of the Vividarii, since the Gepidae themselves have moved to better lands.

Their first named king, Fastida, stirred up his quiet people to enlarge their boundaries by war and overwhelmed the Burgundians, almost annihilating them in the 4th century, then fruitlessly demanded of the Goths a portion of their territory, a demand which the Goths successfully repulsed in battle. The Burgundians or Burgundes were an East Germanic tribe which may have emigrated from mainland Scandinavia to the island of Bornholm, whose Like the Goths, the Gepids were converted to Arian Christianity. Arianism is the theological teaching of Arius (c AD 250-336 who was ruled a heretic by the Christian church at the Council of Nicea.

Then in 375 they had to submit to the Huns along with their Ostrogoth overlords. The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi or Austrogothi were a branch of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in the political events of the late They became the favored Hun vassals. Under their king, Ardaric, warriors of the Gepidae joined Attila the Hun's forces in the Battle of Chalons (the "Catalaunian fields") in Gaul (451). Ardaric (died around 460 was the most renowned king of the Gepids. On the eve of the main encounter between allied hordes, the Gepidae and Franks met each other, the Franks fighting for the Romans and the Gepidae for the Huns, and seem to have fought one another to a standstill, with 15,000 dead reported by Jordanes, our main source. The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial

Such loyalties were personal bonds among kings, and after Attila's death of a drunken nosebleed in 453, the Gepids and other people allied to defeat Attila's horde of would-be successors, who were dividing up the subjugated peoples like cattle, and led by Ardaric the king, they broke the Hunnic power in the Battle at the River Nedao in 454:

a most remarkable spectacle, where one might see the Goths fighting with pikes, the Gepidae raging with the sword, the Rugii breaking off the spears in their own wounds, the Suevi fighting on foot, the Huns with bows, the Alani drawing up a battle-line of heavy-armed and the Heruli of light-armed warriors. The Battle of Nedao named after the Nedava, a tributary of the Sava, was a Battle fought in Pannonia in 454. The Rugians (Rugii were an East Germanic tribe whose ultimate origins have been traced to Rogaland in Norway, whose population probably was the The Suebi or Suevi (from Proto-Germanic * swēbaz based on the Proto-Germanic root * swē- meaning "one's own" The Alans or Alani (occasionally but more rarely termed Alauni or Halani) were an Iranian nomadic group among the Sarmatian people The Heruli (spelled variously in Latin and Greek) were a nomadic Germanic people, who were subjugated by the Ostrogoths Huns and (Jordanes, l. 259)

After the victory they finally won a place to settle in the Carpathian Mountains.

The Gepidae by their own might won for themselves the territory of the Huns and ruled as victors over the extent of all Dacia, demanding of the Roman Empire nothing more than peace and an annual gift as a pledge of their friendly alliance. This the Emperor freely granted at the time, and to this day that race receives its customary gifts from the Roman Emperor. (Jordanes, l. 262)

Not long after the battle at the Nedao the old rivalry between the Gepids and the Ostrogoths spurred up again and they were driven out of their homeland in 504 by Theodoric the Great. The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi or Austrogothi were a branch of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in the political events of the late Theodoric the Great (454 – August 30, 526) known to the Romans as Flavius Theodoricus, was king of the Ostrogoths (471-526 ruler of

They reached the zenith of their power after 537, settling in the rich area around Belgrade. Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. For a short time, the city of Sirmium was the center of the Gepid State and the king Cunimund minted golden coins in it. Sirmium in Pannonia should not be confused with Sirmio on Lake Garda Sirmium (today Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) was an ancient Cunimund (died 567 was a king of the Gepids in the 6th century [4] In 546 the Byzantine Empire allied themselves with the Lombards to expel the Gepids from this region. The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from In 552 the Gepids suffered a disastrous defeat from Alboin in the Battle of Asfeld and were finally conquered by the Lombards in 567. Alboin or Alboïn (died 572 or 573 was king of the Lombards, and conqueror of Italy. The Battle of Asfeld was fought in 552 between the Lombards and the Gepids.

Alboin had a drinking-cup made from the skull of Cunimund, which occasioned his death later in Italy, at the hands of an assassin sent by Rosamund, Cunimond's daughter. [5]

Many Gepids followed Alboin to Italy (see Paulus Diaconus), but many remained. In 630, Theophylact Simocatta reported that the Byzantine Army entered the territory of the Avars and attacked a Gepid feast, capturing 30,000 Gepids (they met no Avars). Theophylact Simocatta (Greek Theophylaktos Simokates, also Simokattes) was an early 7th century Byzantine historiographer arguably ranking as the last Recent excavation by the Tisza River at Szolnok brought up a Gepid nobleman from an Avar period grave who was also wearing Turkic-Avar pieces next to the traditional Germanic clothes in which he was buried. "Tisa" redirects here For other uses see Tisa (disambiguation and Tisza (disambiguation. Szolnok (approximate pronunciation Solnok is the capital of the county of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok in central Hungary.

Archeological sites in Romania

In Vlaha, Cluj County, Romania, a necropolis was discovered in August 2004 with 202 identified tombs dated to the 6th century AD. Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania 85% of the discovered tombs were robbed in the same period. The remaining artifacts are ceramics, bronze articles and an armory. Also in Romania, at Miercurea Sibiului, there is another necropolis with rich artifacts. Miercurea Sibiului (Reußmarkt Szerdahely is a town in the west of Sibiu County, in southern Transylvania, central Romania, 34 km to the west of the county Other necropoleis in Romania are:

Kings of the Gepids

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b Yeat, Theedrich (tr. ). Jordanes in Latin and English. Retrieved on 2008-03-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian
  2. ^ Jordanes, Getica, XII.74: Haec Gotia, quam Daciam appellavere maiores, quae nunc ut diximus Gepidia dicitur ("This Gothia, which our ancestors called Dacia, we now call Gepidia. Jordanes (also Jordanis or even Iornandes) was a 6th century Roman Bureaucrat, who turned his hand to History later in life De origine actibusque Getarum (lit The Origin and Deeds of the Getae but referring to the Goths whom Jordanes considered Getae or the Getica Dacia, in ancient geography was the land of the Dacians. It was named by the ancient Hellenes ( Greeks) " Getae " The Gepids (Gepidae Gifðas ( Beowulf, Widsith) - possibly from * Gibiðos, "givers" or gepanta, see below were ").
  3. ^ Jordane's Origins and Deeds of the Goths. Northvegr (2007). Retrieved on 2008-03-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian
  4. ^ http://elchem.ihtm.bg.ac.yu/HtDocs/AD/Mitrovica/CivitasStDemetrii.htm
  5. ^ The episode is told in Procopius, in Paulus Diaconus and in Andreas Agnellus

External links

Procopius of Caesarea ( Προκόπιος ο Καισαρεύς, c Paul the Deacon (c 720 &ndash 13 April probably 799 also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefred and Cassinensis (i Andreas Agnellus of Ravenna (c805 - after 846 was a historian of the bishops in his city
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