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The Geoscience Research Institute (GRI), located on the campus of Loma Linda University in California, is an official institute of the Seventh-day Adventist Church which engages in creation science, and serves the church in the areas of research and communication. "Creationism" can also refer to Creation myths in general or to a concept about the origin of the soul. The history of creationism is tied to the History of religions The term Creationism in its broad sense covers a wide range of beliefs and interpretations Neo-creationism is a movement whose goal is to restate Creationism in terms more likely to be well received by the public policy makers educators and the Scientific community Young Earth creationism (YEC is the religious belief that Heaven, Earth, and Life on Earth were created by a direct act of God dating Old Earth creationism (OEC is an umbrella term for a number of types of Creationism, including Gap creationism and Progressive creationism. Day-Age creationism, a type of Old Earth creationism, is an interpretation of the creation accounts found in Genesis. Progressive creationism is the religious belief that God created new forms of life gradually over a period of hundreds of millions of years Gap creationism (also known as Ruin-Restoration creationism Restoration creationism or the "Gap Theory" is a form of Old Earth creationism that posits that Theistic evolution is the general opinion that classical religious teachings about God and creation are compatible with some or all of the modern scientific understanding Intelligent Hindu views on evolution include a range of viewpoints in regards to Evolution, Creationism, and the Origin of life within the diverse traditions of Islamic creationism is the belief that the Universe (including humanity) was directly created by God as explained in the Qur'an or Jewish views on evolution includes a continuum of views about Evolution, Creationism, and the Origin of life. Deism is the belief that a supreme God exists and created the physical universe and that religious truths can be arrived at by the application of reason alone without dependence on revelation Pandeism or Pan-Deism ( Greek πάν, 'pan' = ' all ' and Latin Deus = God, in the sense of Deism Creation according to Genesis refers to the Hebrew narrative of the creation of the heavens and the earth as told in chapters 1 and 2 of Genesis An allegorical interpretation of Genesis is a symbolic rather than literal reading of the biblical Book of Genesis. This article focuses on the views of certain Christian commentators and theologians The omphalos hypothesis was named after the title of an 1857 book Omphalos by Philip Henry Gosse, in which Gosse argued that in order for the world to Creation science or scientific creationism is a movement within Creationism which attempts to use scientific means to disprove the accepted scientific theories on In Creation science, baraminology is a system for classifying life into groups having no common Ancestry, called "baramins" Flood geology (also creation geology or diluvial geology) is a prominent subset of beliefs under the umbrella of Creationism that assumes the literal Intelligent The creation-evolution controversy (also termed the creation vs The politics of creationism concerns efforts to change Public policy in favor of Creationism, currently primarily focusing on what should be taught as Science The status of creation and evolution in public education can be the subject of substantial Debate in Legal, Political, and Religious circles The Creation-evolution controversy has a long history beginning with challenges made by various naturalists to biblical accounts of creation Teach the Controversy is the name of a Discovery Institute intelligent design campaign to promote Intelligent design, a variant of traditional Creationism The following is a clearinghouse of articles which refer to terms often used in the context of the Creation-evolution controversy: Origins See also Creation myth Founded in 1905 Loma Linda University (LLU is a private, Christian, Coeducational, Health sciences University located in California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists is the governing organization of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. The Seventh-day Adventist (abbreviated " Adventist " Church is a Christian denomination which is distinguished mainly by its observance Creation science or scientific creationism is a movement within Creationism which attempts to use scientific means to disprove the accepted scientific theories on Seven researchers are employed by the Institute. [1]
Contents |
History
The GRI owes its existence to concerns by Adventist science teachers, in the late 1950s, about the lack of Adventists qualified in Earth Sciences. Earth science (also known as geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth Sciences) is an all-embracing term for the Sciences related to the planet In 1957, the church responded by forming a Committee on the Teaching of Geology and Palaeontology, which selected "two mature, experienced men of proven loyalty", biologist Frank Lewis Marsh and chemist P. Frank Lewis Marsh ( 18 October, 1899, Aledo, Illinois - 1992 was an American biologist educator and Creationist author Edgar Hare, to undertake courses in these fields. In 1960, comparative anatomist and palaeontologist Richard M. Ritland was added to the group. However, differences in approach quickly led to disagreements over whether it was permissible to reinterpret biblical and prophetic accounts in the light of scientific evidence, with Hare and Ritland supporting this view, while Marsh favoured the historic Adventist interpretations. After a number of years of acrimony, Hare decided in 1964 to remain with the Carnegie Institution, where he had gone to conduct laboratory studies. Hare's views led towards theistic evolution, though he chose to remain in the Adventist church. Theistic evolution is the general opinion that classical religious teachings about God and creation are compatible with some or all of the modern scientific understanding Also in 1964, Marsh was transferred to Andrews University, having been outmanoeuvred by Ritland, who became the head of the institute. Andrews University is a Seventh-day Adventist university in Berrien Springs Michigan. However, by the late 1960s Ritland's more flexible approach fell out of favour with a new and more doctrinally rigid church president, Robert H. Pierson, who laid down the following guidelines:
| “ | In our controversy with proponents of the evolution theory, we must keep in clear perspective — the Bible and the Spirit of Prophecy are not on trial. Robert Howard Pierson (1911–1989 was a president of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin | ” |
These constraints led Ritland to resign as director of the GRI in 1970, joining Marsh in the biology department at Andrew University. He was replaced by Robert H. Brown, a physicist who eagerly committed the institute to a more apologetical mission, that of showing that the Earth "originated within six consecutive rotations of the planet" no more than 10,000 years ago and "experienced a universal destruction as portrayed in Genesis 6-8. Christian apologetics is a field of Christian theology that aims to present a rational basis for the Christian faith, defend the faith against objections " Brown was fascinated with radioactive time clocks, dismissed radiocarbon dating that contradicted church doctrine, but embraced evidence that indicated that the raw materials of the Earth were billions of years old. Radiocarbon dating is a Radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring Radioisotope Carbon-14 (14C to determine the age of This viewpoint, described by historian of Creationism Ronald Numbers as "schizoid", displeased both young-Earth conservatives (such as Marsh and Robert V. Gentry) and liberals like Ritland and Hare. Ronald L Numbers (born 1942 is an American historian of science Robert V Gentry is a nuclear physicist and young Earth creationist and member of the Seventh-day Adventist Church who advocates his ideas of Creation science
Brown's achievements included "polishing the tarnished image of creationism" (especially comparative to the "sometimes slipshod presentations" of the Institute for Creation Research). The Institute for Creation Research (ICR is a Christian institution in Dallas, Texas that specializes in education research and media promotion of Creation His successor, Ariel A. Roth, moved the institute to Loma Linda University. Ariel A Roth is an American Creationist and Zoologist who was born in Geneva, Switzerland. Founded in 1905 Loma Linda University (LLU is a private, Christian, Coeducational, Health sciences University located in They both dedicated the institute to salvaging flood geology, and repeatedly dismissed scientists who were skeptical of the credibility of this view. [2]
Notes
- ^ GRI 'About Us' page
- ^ Numbers(2006), p320-327
References
- Numbers, Ronald (Nov 30, 2006). Ronald L Numbers (born 1942 is an American historian of science The Creationists: From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design, Expanded Edition. The Creationists From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design is a history of the origins of Anti-evolutionism, first published in 1992 by Harvard University Press, 624 pages. ISBN 0674023390.
External links
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