George Zweig (born 1937 in Moscow, Russia into a Jewish family) was originally trained as a particle physicist under Richard Feynman and later turned his attention to neurobiology. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them Richard Phillips Feynman (ˈfaɪnmən May 11 1918 – February 15 1988 was an American Physicist known for the Path integral formulation of quantum Neurobiology is the study of cells of the Nervous system and the organization of these cells into functional circuits that process information and mediate behavior He spent a number of years as a Research Scientist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and MIT, but as of 2004, has gone on to work in the financial services industry. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL (previously known at various times as Site Y, Los Alamos Laboratory, and Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory) is a
A 1959 graduate of the University of Michigan, Zweig proposed the existence of quarks while a graduate student in Physics at the California Institute of Technology in 1964 (independently of Murray Gell-Mann). The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research In Physics, a quark (kwɔrk kwɑːk or kwɑːrk is a type of Subatomic particle. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech) is a private, Coeducational research university located in Pasadena Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Murray Gell-Mann (born September 15, 1929) is an American Physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work Zweig referred to them as "aces" after the four playing cards, because he speculated there were four of them. Like Gell-Mann, he realized that the properties of particles such as protons and neutrons could be explained by treating them as triplets of other particles (which he called aces and Gell-Mann called quarks), but, unlike Gell-Mann, he was inclined to accept these entities as physically real particles[1]. The proton ( Greek πρῶτον / proton "first" is a Subatomic particle with an Electric charge of one positive This article is a discussion of neutrons in general For the specific case of a neutron found outside the nucleus see Free neutron. As pointed out by astrophysicist John Gribbin, Gell-Mann deservedly received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1969, for his overall contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions; at that time, quark theory had not become fully accepted, and was not specifically mentioned. John R Gribbin (born 1946 is a British science writer and a visiting Fellow in astronomy at the University of Sussex. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature In later years, when quark theory became established as the standard model of particle physics, the Nobel Committee presumably felt they couldn't recognize Zweig as the scientist who first spelled out the theory's implications in detail and suggested that they might be real, without including Gell-Mann again. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them Whatever the reason, despite Zweig's seminal contributions to a theory central to modern physics, he has not been awarded a Nobel Prize[2].
Zweig later turned to neurobiology, and studied the transduction of sound into nerve impulses in the cochlea of the human ear. In Physiology, transduction is the conversion of a stimulus from one form to another Sound' is Vibration transmitted through a Solid, Liquid, or Gas; particularly sound means those vibrations composed of Frequencies A nerve is an enclosed cable-like bundle of peripheral Axons (the long slender projections of Neurons. The cochlea is the auditory portion of the Inner ear. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along Human beings, humans or man (Origin 1590–1600 L homō man OL hemō the earthly one (see Humus The ear is the sense organ that detects Sounds The Vertebrate ear shows a common biology from Fish to Humans with variations In 1975, while studying the ear, he discovered the continuous wavelet transform. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A continuous wavelet transform is used to divide a continuous-time function into wavelets
In 1981, Zweig received a MacArthur Prize Fellowship. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 The MacArthur Fellows Program or MacArthur Fellowship (sometimes Nicknamed the "genius grant") is an award given by the John D
In 1996, Zweig was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The National Academy of Sciences (NAS is a corporation in the United States whose members serve Pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science
Zweig now works for Renaissance Technologies on Long Island, NY. Renaissance Technologies is a Hedge fund management company Renaissance was started by James Simons in 1982
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