This article is about the 2000 presidential campaign of George W. Bush, winner of the 2000 presidential election and re-elected in the 2004 election. The United States presidential election of 2000 was a contest between Democratic candidate Al Gore, then Vice President, and Republican The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States.
See George W. Bush for a detailed biography and information about his current presidency, and George W. Bush presidential campaign, 2004 for a description of his second presidential campaign. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. This article is about the presidential campaign of George W Bush the incumbent President of the United States and winner of the 2004 Presidential Election.
Campaign Platform
Bush's original platform, before the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks and the War on Terrorism (though domestic policy has not changed significantly):
- Compassionate Conservatism: The slogan "Compassionate Conservatism" was endlessly used, abused, debated, and interpreted during the Presidential campaign of 2000. The War on Terrorism (also known as the War on Terror) is the common term for the military political and legal, and ideological conflict and specifically for U Compassionate conservatism is a Political philosophy that stresses using traditionally conservative techniques and concepts in order to improve the general welfare of society "Compassionate Conservatism" is the title of a book by Marvin Olasky, with a Foreword by George W. Marvin Olasky (born June 12, 1950) is a professor of journalism at The University of Texas at Austin and provost of The King's College, Bush. Bush is often listed as co-author. Olasky and Bush have supported providing public funding to religious based charitable organizations claiming that these organizations are more experienced, and more efficient, at providing services to the poor. Critics of this concept claim that the Bush policy is aimed more at supporting, and therefore establishing, religious institutions than supporting the disadvantaged, and that it violates the "Establishment Clause". The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment refers to the first of several pronouncements in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, stating that "
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- Foreign Affairs: Bush promised a humble foreign policy with no nation building. Foreign Affairs is an influential American Journal on International relations published by the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR For nation-building in the sense of enhancing the capacity of state institutions building state-society relations and also external interventions see State-building
- Economy: Bush promised tax breaks for all[1], sometimes using the slogan "Whoever pays taxes gets a tax break". Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The rich pay the most taxes, and the current system weighs the income tax against the upper income brackets. Bush also supported raising the Earned Income Tax Credit, which would primarily benefit the lower brackets of income-tax-affected citizens. The United States federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC or EIC is a Refundable tax credit.
- His 2003 tax proposal offers a sweeping package of tax cuts and incentives that would eliminate all federal taxes on stock dividends, quick tax relief for married couples and a $400 per child increase in the tax credit for families with children. Economists are divided on the effectiveness of Bush's proposals for helping the economy. John Leonard, the chief of North American equities for UBS Global Asset Management, said eliminating the dividends tax would spur the economy by sending more money into the economy; on the other hand, other economists, including Allen Sinai of Decision Economics and Andrew F. UBS Global Asset Management was the multinational investment unit of UBS AG, a very large multinational financial firm formed in 1998 from the merger of Union Brimmer, a former Federal Reserve Board member who heads a consulting firm, argued that the dividends tax cut would be largely ineffective [1] . The administration's proposal would also lower taxes for small business owners by expanding the amount of equipment purchases they can write off as deductions from the current $25,000 to $75,000. Opponents argue that this tax proposal would primarily benefit the rich. According to a New York Times analysis published on January 21, 2003, $364 billion out of the $674 billion "economic stimulus" plan is devoted towards eliminating the tax on dividends; however, the poorest fifth of Americans have an average of $25 in dividend income, while the richest fifth have $1,188. Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Urban Institute-Brookings Institution Tax Policy Center produced the following table describing the impact of Bush's plan on average taxpayers:
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- Debate : Will Bush's stimulus proposal work? - News Hour with Jim Lehrer (PBS)
- Education: policy named No Child Left Behind, includes mandatory national testing and some support for school vouchers. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-110 often abbreviated in print as NCLB and sometimes shortened in pronunciation to "nickelbee" is a controversial
- The No Child Left Behind Act provides increased funding for schools, while requiring greater accountability for results. It gives parents the option to transfer their children to another school, if the current school is failing. It requires teachers to have a degree specific to the subject they are teaching, which had not been federally required in the past. It also makes high school academic records available to military recruiters.
- Energy: The Bush campaign supports a comprehensive energy reform bill which includes initiatives for energy conserving technologies as well as decreasing the foreign dependence on oil through increased domestic production and the use of non-fossil fuel based energy production methods. In Physics and other Sciences energy (from the Greek grc ἐνέργεια - Energeia, "activity operation" from grc ἐνεργός
- Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) and other domestic fields would decrease dependence on oil imports, particularly from the Middle East. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge ( ANWR) is a National Wildlife Refuge in northeastern Alaska. However, many environmentalists hold that it will produce such small amounts of petroleum as to be effectively useless and will needlessly harm the environment.
- Opponents of such drilling recommend alternate courses of action such as to complete research on and implement as a matter of urgency alternative, safe and renewable sources of energy such as solar, wind and tidal power - but not nuclear. Although perhaps requiring greater initial investment, in the long run these are now accepted by many informed environmentalists and scientists as being the most viable alternative to what they see as the vigorously anti-environmental approaches of the Bush administration.
- Supporters of drilling in ANWR argue that the Administration has agreed to a number of measures to minimize the impact of drilling on the Arctic environment. For example, roadways would be constructed of ice that would melt in the spring, when activity on the roads would cease. Also, supporters say that the total surface disturbance due to drilling would be limited to not more than 2,000 acres (8 km²).
Because of the Bush Administration's close connections with numerous energy companies, many of Bush's Cabinet members have come under immense scrutiny from environmental groups, in particular J. Steven Griles, the deputy secretary of the Department of the Interior. James Steven "Steve" Griles (born December 13, 1947) was a Coal lobbyist and the Deputy Secretary for the U National Environmental Strategies (NES), the oil and gas lobbying firm Griles worked for, was paying him $284,000 a year as part of a $1. 1 million payout for his client base. As deputy secretary of the Interior, Griles was charged with overseeing and revamping environmental regulations that affect the profits of his former clients and NES’s current clients.
- Redesign of military with emphasis on supermodern hardware, flexible tactics, speed, less international deployment, fewer troops. This includes developing a system to defend against ballistic missile attacks, despite strong objections both domestically and internationally[1]. Many commentators were critical of Bush when, in his very first policy statement after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, Bush reiterated his intent to place missile attack intervention highest on his list of priorities (despite the fact that no such system could have prevented the type of sneak attack the country had really, not theoretically, experienced). However, other commentators have endorsed Bush's position, noting, for example, the continuing development of long-range missile technology by North Korea, along with that country's threats to resume its nuclear weapons program. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia,