| George Turner | |
 | |
18th Premier of Victoria | |
|---|---|
| In office 27 September 1894 – 5 December 1899 | |
| Preceded by | James Patterson |
| Succeeded by | Allan McLean |
| In office 19 November 1900 – 12 February 1901 | |
| Preceded by | Allan McLean |
| Succeeded by | Alexander Peacock |
| Born | 8 August 1851 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
| Died | 13 August 1916 (aged 65) Hawthorn, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Spouse | Rosa Morgan |
| Religion | Anglican |
Sir George Turner (8 August 1851 - 12 August 1916), Australian politician, was the 18th Premier of Victoria and a member of the first federal ministry. See Premiers of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Premier Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common James Brown Patterson KCMG ( 18 November 1833 &ndash 30 October 1895) Australian colonial Politician, was Allan McLean (3 February 1840 – 13 July 1911 was an Australian politician the 19th Premier of Victoria. Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Sir Alexander James Peacock, KCMG (11 June 1861 &ndash 7 October 1933 Australian politician was the 20th Premier of Victoria. Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 3114 BC - According to the Lounsbury correlation the start of the Maya calendar. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs Events 1220 - Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. See Premiers of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Premier
Turner was born in Melbourne: he was the first Premier of Victoria born in the colony. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 He received a sound education and began work as a clerk in a law office, matriculating in 1872 and being admitted to practise as a solicitor in 1881. Year 1872 ( MDCCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1881 ( MDCCCLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He was a founding member of the Australian Natives Association, an influential lobby group of Australian-born political liberals who campaigned for Australian federation and other causes. The Australian Natives' Association (ANA a Mutual society was founded in Melbourne, Australia in April 1871 The federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South He was a member of the town council in St Kilda and was mayor in 1887-1888. St Kilda is an Inner city Suburb of the Victorian capital of Melbourne, Australia. Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
A liberal, Turner was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for St Kilda in 1889. The Legislative Assembly, or lower house is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Victoria in Australia Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He was Minister of Health and later Solicitor-General in the liberal government of William Shiels from 1891-1893. William Shiels ( 3 December 1848 – 17 December 1904) Australian colonial Politician, was the 16th Premier of Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common When Shiels was defeated by the conservatives under James Patterson in 1893, he went into opposition, and succeeded Shiels as leader of the liberal party - mainly because Alfred Deakin, the colony's leading liberal, refused the position. James Brown Patterson KCMG ( 18 November 1833 &ndash 30 October 1895) Australian colonial Politician, was Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919 Australian politician was a leader of the movement for Australian federation and later second Prime Minister
In September 1894 the Patterson government, floundering in the face of the deep depression which followed the Crash of 1892, was heavily defeated at the polls. Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Turner's image as a modest, dependable suburban solicitor proved popular, and he also gained the support of the newly-emerged Labour Party, which won 17 seats. As well as Premier, Turner was Treasurer, Minister for Defence and Vice-President of the Board of Land and Works. His ministry included Alexander Peacock, John Gavan Duffy and Isaac Isaacs. Sir Alexander James Peacock, KCMG (11 June 1861 &ndash 7 October 1933 Australian politician was the 20th Premier of Victoria. Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs GCB GCMG ( 6 August 1855 &ndash 11 February 1948) Australian judge and politician
Turner imposed a policy of strict economy and balanced budgets, raising taxes and cutting spending in accordance with the economic theory of the time. Although these policies did little to relieve the effects of the Depression, they did restore confidence in Victoria's public finances and the banking system. The historian Don Garden describes Turner as "frugal, prudent, unyielding and self-sacrificing," an image in tune with the deeply depressed economy. His policies of cutting government spending caused increased unemployment, but were accepted as necessary. His government was re-elected in 1897. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common
In other areas Turner's government was more liberal. He persuaded the Legislative Council to accept the abolition of plural voting, and tried unsuccessfully to pass a bill giving votes to women (achieved in South Australia in 1892). The Legislative Council, or upper house is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Victoria, Australia. South Australia is a state of Australia in the southern central part of the country Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year He also introduced Victoria's first scheme of old-age pensions. He was made a Privy Councillor and a KCMG in 1897. A privy council is a body that advises the Head of state of a nation on how to exercise their executive authority, typically but not always in the context of a The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George Prince Regent (later George Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common
In December 1899 discontented radicals joined with the conservative opposition to defeat Turner's government in the Assembly, and he resigned. Year 1899 ( MDCCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He was succeeded by the conservative leader Allan McLean, but Mclean was unable to consolidate his position, and at elections in November 1900 the liberals were returned and Turner again became Premier. Allan McLean (3 February 1840 – 13 July 1911 was an Australian politician the 19th Premier of Victoria. Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar He retained office until February 1901, when he resigned to contest the first federal elections. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting
Turner was elected to the first Australian House of Representatives in 1901 as a Protectionist member for the Division of Balaclava. The House of Representatives is one of the two houses (chambers of the Parliament of Australia; it is the Lower house, the Upper house being the Senate Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Protectionist Party was an Australian political party formally organised from 1889 until 1909 with policies centred on Protectionism. The Division of Balaclava was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. His long experience in Victoria made him a natural choice to be Treasurer in the first federal ministry under Edmund Barton. The Treasurer of Australia is the minister in the Government of Australia and head of the Department of the Treasury, responsible for government expenditure Sir Edmund Barton, GCMG, QC (18 January 1849 – 7 January 1920 Australian politician and judge was the first Prime Minister of Australia and He held this post from January 1901 under Barton and then Deakin until April 1904, and again in George Reid's conservative government in 1904-1905. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Sir George Houstoun Reid, GCB, GCMG, QC (25 February 1845 &ndash 12 September 1918 was an Australian politician Premier of New South Wales Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting His acceptance of office under Reid offended the Deakinite liberals, and he was not re-appointed to Deakin's second ministry in 1905. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting He retired from politics in 1906, and served as Chairman of the Commissioners of the State Savings Bank of Victoria until his death in 1916. Year 1906 ( MCMVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
See also
References
- Geoff Browne, A Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament, 1900-84, Government Printer, Melbourne, 1985
- Don Garden, Victoria: A History, Thomas Nelson, Melbourne, 1984
- Kathleen Thompson and Geoffrey Serle, A Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament, 1856-1900, Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1972
- Raymond Wright, A People's Counsel. This is a list of ministries of the Government of Australia since Federation in 1901 A History of the Parliament of Victoria, 1856-1990, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1992
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by James Patterson | Premier of Victoria 1894-1899 | Succeeded by Allan McLean |
| Preceded by Allan McLean | Premier of Victoria 1900-1901 | Succeeded by Alexander Peacock |
| Preceded by (none) | Treasurer of Australia 1901–1904 | Succeeded by Chris Watson |
| Preceded by Chris Watson | Treasurer of Australia 1904-1905 | Succeeded by Sir John Forrest |
| Parliament of Australia | ||
| New division | Member for Balaclava 1901–1906 | Succeeded by Agar Wynne |
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