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George McGovern
George McGovern
In office
January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1981
Preceded by Joseph H. Bottum
Succeeded by James Abdnor
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Dakota's 1st district
In office
January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1961
Preceded by Harold O. Lovre
Succeeded by Ben Reifel
Election date
November 7, 1972
Running mate Thomas Eagleton (withdrew)
Sargent Shriver
Opponent(s) Richard Nixon (R)
Incumbent Richard Nixon (R)
Preceded by Hubert Humphrey
Succeeded by Jimmy Carter
Born July 19, 1922 (1922-07-19) (age 85)
Avon, South Dakota
Political party Democratic
Spouse Eleanor McGovern (1921-2007)
Profession historian, professor, politician
Religion Methodist
George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine
George McGovern on May 8, 1972 cover of Time Magazine

George Stanley McGovern, (born July 19, 1922) is a former United States Representative, Senator, and Democratic presidential nominee. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Joseph H Bottum ( August 7, 1903 &ndash July 4, 1984) was a member of the United States Senate from South Dakota. James Abdnor (b February 13 1923, Kennebec South Dakota) is a Politician from the state of South Dakota. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. For South Dakota's current district see. South Dakota's 1st congressional district is now obsolete Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Harold Orrin Lovre ( January 30, 1904 - January 17, 1972) was a U Dr Benjamin "Ben" Reifel (September 19 1906 - January 2 1990 a Lakota Sioux and a Republican United States Congressman from the First District The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Early life and political career Eagleton was the son of another St Robert Sargent Shriver Jr (born November 9 1915 is an American Democratic Politician and Activist. Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr ( May 27, 1911 &ndash January 13, 1978) was the thirty-eighth Vice President of the United States, serving James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002 Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Avon is a city in Bon Homme County, South Dakota, United States. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. See also History An historian is an individual who studies and writes about History, and is regarded as an Authority on it The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Methodism is a movement within Protestant Christianity represented by a number of denominations and organizations Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by McGovern lost the 1972 presidential election in a landslide to incumbent Richard Nixon. The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. As a decorated World War II combat veteran, McGovern was noted for his opposition to the Vietnam War. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia He was appointed United Nations Ambassador on World Hunger in 2001. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security

Contents

Early life and career

McGovern was born in Avon, South Dakota and lived in nearby Mitchell, having moved there at the age of six. Avon is a city in Bon Homme County, South Dakota, United States. South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. Mitchell is a city in and the County seat of Davison County South Dakota, United States. The son of a minister, he graduated from Dakota Wesleyan University in Mitchell. Dakota Wesleyan University (DWU is a four-year University located in Mitchell South Dakota, and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church.

McGovern married Eleanor Stegeberg of Woonsocket on October 31, 1943. Woonsocket is a city in Sanborn County, South Dakota, United States. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The two had met during a high school debate in which Eleanor and her sister Ila defeated McGovern and his partner.

As the war approached, McGovern recalled later, he felt insecure about his own courage. A gym teacher once called him a "physical coward" for failing to vault a gymnastics horse. To prove himself, McGovern, who was afraid of heights, took flying lessons and got a pilot's license through the U. S. Government's Civilian Pilot Training Program. "Frankly, I was scared to death on that first solo flight," McGovern remembered. "But when I walked away from it, I had an enormous feeling of satisfaction that I had taken the thing off the ground and landed it without tearing the wings off. "[1]

He volunteered for the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and served as a B-24 Liberator bomber pilot in the Fifteenth Air Force, flying 35 missions over enemy territory from bases in North Africa and later Italy, often against heavy anti-aircraft artillery, earning the Distinguished Flying Cross for saving his crew by landing his damaged bomber on a British airfield on Vis, a small island off the Yugoslav coast controlled by Tito's Partisans. The United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF) was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defense, is any method of engaging hostile military Aircraft in defence of ground objectives, ground or naval forces The Distinguished Flying Cross is a medal awarded to any officer or enlisted member of the United States armed forces who distinguishes himself or herself in Vis ( Greek: Issa) is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, the furthest inhabited island McGovern's wartime story, including his island landing, is at the center of Stephen Ambrose's profile of the men who flew B-24s over Germany in World War II, The Wild Blue. Stephen Edward Ambrose ( January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American Historian and Biographer of U The Wild Blue, by Historian Stephen Ambrose, was published in 2001. [2]

On return from the war, McGovern earned a divinity degree from Garrett Theological Seminary[3]in Evanston near Chicago, and briefly tried his hand as a Methodist minister. Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary (G-ETS is a graduate school of theology of the United Methodist Church located in Evanston Illinois. Evanston Illinois is an affluent suburban Chicago Municipality on Lake Michigan on the North Shore in Cook County, Illinois directly Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Dissatisfied, he earned a Ph.D in history from Northwestern University in Evanston and became a professor at his alma mater, Dakota Wesleyan University. "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. Evanston may refer to Evanston Illinois Evanston Indiana Evanston Ohio Evanston Wyoming Dakota Wesleyan University (DWU is a four-year University located in Mitchell South Dakota, and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church.

Although he was raised by two Republican parents, he chose not to join any party until the 1948 presidential election, when he registered as an Independent and joined the newly-formed Progressive Party. The United States presidential election of 1948 is considered by most Historians as the greatest election Upset in American history. In Politics, an independent is a Politician who is not Affiliated with any Political party. The United States Progressive Party of 1948 was a political party that ran former Vice President Henry A During the campaign, he attended the party's first national convention as a delegate and volunteered for the eventually unsuccessful campaign of its presidential nominee, former Vice President Henry A. Wallace. A delegate is a member of a group representing an organization (e The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Henry Agard Wallace (October 7 1888 &ndash November 18 1965 was the thirty-third Vice President of the United States (1941&ndash45 the eleventh Secretary of

Four years later, in 1952, he heard a radio broadcast of Governor Adlai Stevenson's speech accepting the presidential nomination of the Democratic Party. This is about the mid-20th-century politician and diplomat for other American politicians so named see Adlai Stevenson (disambiguation. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. He immediately went into town and registered as a Democrat, then volunteered for Stevenson's campaign the following day. Although Stevenson lost that election, McGovern remained active in Democratic politics. By 1953, he had been named Executive Director of the South Dakota Democratic Party and, in 1956, he ran for and won a seat in the House of Representatives, winning reelection in 1958 against a strong challenge from South Dakota's two-term Governor Joe Foss. The South Dakota Democratic Party is the local branch of the Democratic Party in the state of South Dakota. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Joseph Jacob "Joe" Foss (April 17 1915&ndashJanuary 1 2003 was a leading " ace " fighter pilot in the United States Marine Corps during

Congressional career

After two terms in the House, he unsuccessfully ran for the Senate in 1960, losing to Republican incumbent Karl Mundt 52%-48%. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives The US Senate elections of 1960 coincided with the election of John F Karl Earl Mundt ( June 3, 1900 – August 16, 1974) was an American educator and a Republican member of the United The election loss made him available for appointment as the first director of President John F. Kennedy's Food for Peace program. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of Public Law 480 also known as Food for Peace (and commonly abbreviated PL 480)is a funding avenue by which US food can be used for overseas aid In 1962, he ran for election to South Dakota's other Senate seat and won, serving his first of three Senate terms. The US Senate election 1962 was an election for the United States Senate which occurred in the middle of John F

Opposition to Vietnam War

Although he voted in favor of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, McGovern later became a strong critic of defense spending, and was an early and vocal opponent of U.S. military involvement in Vietnam, often criticizing the policies of fellow Democrat, President Lyndon Johnson. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (officially the Southeast Asia Resolution Public Law 88-408 was addressed by Lyndon B The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia

Congressional opposition to
U. S. wars and interventions
1812 North America
House Federalists’ Address
1917 World War I
Filibuster of the Armed Ship Bill
1935-1939 (General)
Neutrality Acts
1935-40 (General)
Ludlow Amendment
1970 Vietnam
McGovern-Hatfield Amendment
1970 Southeast Asia
Cooper-Church Amendment
1971 Vietnam
Repeal of Tonkin Gulf Resolution
1973 Southeast Asia
Case-Church Amendment
1973 (General)
War Powers Resolution
1974 Covert Ops (General)
Hughes-Ryan Amendment
1976 Angola
Clark Amendment
1982 Nicaragua
Boland Amendment
2007 Iraq
House Concurrent Resolution 63
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McGovern was outspoken in his criticism of the Senate. Robert Marion La Follette Sr nicknamed "Fighting Bob" La Follette ( June 14, 1855 June 20, 1925) was an American The Neutrality Acts were a series of laws that were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia The Ludlow Amendment was a proposed amendment to the Constitution of the United States which called for a national Referendum on any Declaration of The McGovern-Hatfield amendment (alternately Hatfield-McGovern amendment) was a proposed amendment in 1970 during the Vietnam War that if passed would have required The Cooper-Church Amendment was introduced in the United States Senate during the Vietnam War. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (officially the Southeast Asia Resolution Public Law 88-408 was addressed by Lyndon B The Case-Church Amendment was a piece of Legislation that prohibited U The War Powers Act of 1973 ( also referred to as the War Powers Resolution is a resolution of the Congress of The United States of America that stated that the President of The Hughes-Ryan Act is a 1974 United States federal law that amended the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 The Clark Amendment was an amendment to the US Arms Export Control Act of 1976 named for its sponsor Senator Dick Clark (D-Iowa The Boland Amendment was the name given to three US legislative amendments between 1982 and 1984 all aimed at limiting US government assistance to the The surge is a phrase commonly used to describe United States President George W As reported by Time magazine in September 1970, during Senate floor debate McGovern criticized his colleagues for not supporting an amendment that he had cosponsored with Senator Mark Hatfield (R-Oregon) calling for a complete withdrawal of troops from Vietnam:

"Every Senator in this chamber is partly responsible for sending 50,000 young Americans to an early grave. The McGovern-Hatfield amendment (alternately Hatfield-McGovern amendment) was a proposed amendment in 1970 during the Vietnam War that if passed would have required Mark Odom Hatfield (born July 12 1922 is an American politician and educator from the state of Oregon. . . This chamber reeks of blood. . . it does not take any courage at all for a Congressman or a Senator or a President to wrap himself in the flag and say we are staying in Viet Nam, because it is not our blood that is being shed. " (McGovern) blamed his colleagues for having contributed to "that human wreckage all across our land — young men without legs or arms or genitals or faces — or hopes. "[4]

In a retort to the powerful Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman, John Stennis, McGovern declared, "I'm tired of old men dreaming up wars for young men to fight. John Cornelius Stennis ( August 3, 1901 – April 23, 1995) was a U If he wants to use American ground troops in Cambodia, let him lead the charge himself. "[5]

Party reformer

During the 1968 Democratic Convention, a motion was passed to establish a commission to reform the Democratic Party nomination process. Chicago Convention redirects here for the Convention on International Civil Aviation for the event also referred to by this name [6] In 1969, McGovern was named chairman of the Commission on Party Structure and Delegate Selection; due to the influence of former McCarthy and Kennedy supporters on the staff, the commission significantly reduced the role of party officials and insiders in the nomination process, increased the role of caucuses and primaries, and mandated quotas for proportional black, women, and youth delegate representation. The McGovern-Fraser Commission, formally known as Commission on Party Structure and Delegate Selection was a commission created in response to the tumultuous 1968 Democratic A primary election ( nominating primary) also referred to simply as a primary, is an election in which voters in a Jurisdiction select candidates The term black people usually refers to a racial group of Humans with dark Skin color, but the term has also been used to categorise a number of diverse Youth is the period from infancy or childhood to maturity Usage Around the world the terms "youth" " Adolescent " "teenager" and [7]

The fundamental principle of the McGovern Commission—that primaries should determine the winner of the Democratic nomination—lasted throughout every subsequent nomination contest.

1968 Presidential campaign

At the 1968 Democratic Convention, in the wake of the Robert F. Kennedy assassination, McGovern sought the Democratic nomination. The assassination of Robert F Kennedy, a United States Senator and brother of assassinated President John F Although Hubert Humphrey appeared to be the favorite for the nomination, he was an unpopular choice with many anti-war Democrats, who identified him with Lyndon B. Johnson's controversial position on the Vietnam War. Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr ( May 27, 1911 &ndash January 13, 1978) was the thirty-eighth Vice President of the United States, serving The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia McGovern hoped to pick up Kennedy's anti-war support, but the delegates failed to unite behind a single candidate who could have prevented Humphrey from getting the nomination. Some of Kennedy's support went to anti-war candidate Eugene McCarthy, who split most of the delegates with McGovern. Eugene Joseph "Gene" McCarthy ( March 29, 1916 – December 10, 2005) was an American Politician, Poet, and a With McGovern and McCarthy dividing the anti-war votes, Humphrey was able to win the nomination. McGovern came in third with 146. 5 delegates, far behind Hubert Humphrey's 1759. 25.

1972 Presidential campaign

Democratic nomination

Front-runner Edmund Muskie did worse than expected in the New Hampshire primary and McGovern came in a close second. Front-runner is a term to describe the leader in a race whether political or athletic Edmund Sixtus "Ed" Muskie ( March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic Politician While Muskie's campaign funding and support dried up, McGovern picked up valuable momentum in the following months. Despite losing several primaries, including losing Florida to George Wallace, McGovern secured enough delegates to the 1972 Democratic National Convention to win the party's nomination. George Corley Wallace Jr (August 25 1919 September 13 1998 was a Democratic Governor of Alabama for four terms (1963-1967 1971-1979 and 1983-1987 and ran for The 1972 National Convention of the United States Democratic Party was held at Miami Beach Convention Center in Miami Beach Florida from July Gary Hart, who became a presidential contender 12 years later, was McGovern's campaign manager. For the football player see Gary Hart (footballer. Gary Hart (born Gary Warren Hartpence, November 28, 1936

Prairie populist

In the 1972 election, McGovern ran on a platform that advocated withdrawal from the Vietnam War in exchange for the return of American prisoners of war[8] and amnesty for draft evaders who had left the country,[9] an anti-war platform that was presaged, in 1970, by McGovern's sponsorship of the McGovern-Hatfield amendment, seeking to end U. The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. A party platform, also known as a Manifesto, is a list of the principles which a Political party supports in order to appeal to the general public for the purpose The McGovern-Hatfield amendment (alternately Hatfield-McGovern amendment) was a proposed amendment in 1970 during the Vietnam War that if passed would have required S. participation in the war by Congressional action. However, during a meeting with Democratic Governors conference, Nevada Governor Mike O'Callaghan asked McGovern what he would do if the North Vietnamese refused to release American POW's after a withdrawal. Donal Neil "Mike" O'Callaghan ( September 10, 1929 March 5, 2004) was the governor of the U McGovern responded, "Under such circumstances, we'd have to take action," although he did not say what action. [10]

Tom Eagleton and George McGovern on July 24, 1972 cover of Time Magazine
Tom Eagleton and George McGovern on July 24, 1972 cover of Time Magazine

McGovern's platform also included an across-the-board, 37% reduction in defense spending over three years;[11] and a "demogrant" program giving $1,000 to every citizen in America [12] that was later changed to creating a $6,500 guaranteed minimum income for Americans, and was later dropped from the platform. Early life and political career Eagleton was the son of another St Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Guaranteed minimum income (GMI is a proposed system of Social welfare provision that guarantees that all Citizens or families have an income sufficient [13] In addition, McGovern supported ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment. The Equal Rights Amendment ( ERA) is a failed proposed amendment to the United States Constitution intended to guarantee equal rights under the An infamous incident took place late in the campaign. McGovern was giving a speech and a Nixon admirer kept heckling him. McGovern called the young man over and said "Listen you son of a bitch, why don't you kiss my ass!" Mississippi Senator James Eastland later asked the Senator if that was what he had said. Mississippi ( is a state located in the Deep South of the United States James Oliver Eastland ( November 28, 1904 – February 19, 1986) was an American politician from Mississippi who served When McGovern said yes, Eastland replied that was the best thing he had ever said in the whole campaign.

Eagleton controversy

Main article: Thomas Eagleton

Just over two weeks after his nomination, it was revealed that McGovern's running mate, Thomas Eagleton, had received electroshock therapy for depression during the 1960s. Early life and political career Eagleton was the son of another St Early life and political career Eagleton was the son of another St Electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) also known as electroshock, is a controversial psychiatric treatment in which Seizures are electrically induced Major depressive disorder, also known as major depression, unipolar depression, unipolar disorder, clinical depression, or simply depression Though many people still supported Eagleton's candidacy, an increasing number of influential politicians and columnists questioned his ability to handle the office of Vice President. The resulting negative attention prompted McGovern to accept Eagleton's offer to withdraw from the ticket, replacing him with United States Ambassador to France (and brother in-law of John F. Kennedy) Sargent Shriver. The United States has sent Ambassadors to France since the American Revolution. John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29 1917&ndashNovember 22 1963 often referred to by his initials JFK, was the thirty-fifth President of Robert Sargent Shriver Jr (born November 9 1915 is an American Democratic Politician and Activist. This occurred after McGovern had stated publicly he was still ". . . behind Eagleton 1000 percent"; reneging on that statement a few days later made McGovern look indecisive. The Eagleton controversy also put the McGovern campaign off message and was speculated at the time to perhaps be a harbinger of what would become McGovern's subsequent landslide loss. [14]

Landslide loss

Sargent Shriver and George McGovern on August 14, 1972 cover of Time Magazine
Sargent Shriver and George McGovern on August 14, 1972 cover of Time Magazine

The McGovern Commission changes to the convention rules marginalized the influence of establishment Democratic figures (some of whom had lost the nomination to McGovern). Robert Sargent Shriver Jr (born November 9 1915 is an American Democratic Politician and Activist. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Many refused to support him, with some switching their support to the incumbent President Richard Nixon through a campaign effort called "Democrats for Nixon". In addition, McGovern was repeatedly attacked by associates of Nixon, who used an array of "dirty tricks" and illegal tactics during the campaign, including the infamous Watergate break-in, which eventually led to Nixon's resignation in 1974. In politics and business dirty tricks refers to unethical duplicitous Slanderous or illegal tactics employed to destroy or diminish the effectiveness of opponents The Watergate burglaries, which took place on May 28 and June 17, 1972, have been cited in testimony media accounts and popular works on Watergate as [15][16]

In the general election, the McGovern/Shriver ticket suffered a 60%-38% defeat to Nixon — at the time, the second biggest landslide in American history, with Electoral College totals of 520 to 17. The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. The Electoral College consists of 538 popularly elected representatives who formally select the President and Vice President of the United States. McGovern's two electoral vote victories came in Massachusetts and Washington, D.C.; McGovern failed to win his home state of South Dakota, a state that had delivered for the Democrats in only three of the previous 18 presidential elections in the twentieth century. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The twentieth century of the Common Era began on [17] In his telegram to Nixon conceding defeat, McGovern wrote, "I hope that in the next four years you will lead us to a time of peace abroad and justice at home. You have my full support in such efforts. "[18]

Amnesty, abortion and acid

On April 25, 1972, George McGovern won the Massachusetts primary and journalist Robert Novak phoned Democratic politicians around the country, who agreed with his assessment that blue-collar workers voting for McGovern did not understand what he really stood for. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Robert David Sanders "Bob" Novak (born February 26, 1931) is a Conservative American political commentator syndicated columnist and journalist [19] On April 27, 1972 Novak reported in a column that an unnamed Democratic senator had talked to him about McGovern. Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [20] "The people don’t know McGovern is for amnesty, abortion and legalization of pot," the Senator said. [20] "Once middle America - Catholic middle America, in particular - finds this out, he’s dead. "[20] The label stuck and McGovern became known as the candidate of "amnesty, abortion and acid. "[19][21]

Novak was accused of manufacturing the quote. [20] To rebut the criticism, Novak took Eagleton to lunch after the campaign and asked whether he could identify him as the source. [20] The senator said he would not allow his identity to be revealed. [20] "Oh, he had to run for re-election. . . the McGovernites would kill him if they knew he had said that," said Novak. [19]

On July 15, 2007, after Eagleton's death, Novak disclosed on Meet the Press that the unnamed senator was Thomas Eagleton. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Meet the Press is a weekly American television news/interview program produced by NBC. [19] Political analyst Bob Shrum says that Eagleton would never have been selected as McGovern's running mate if it had been known at the time that Eagleton was the source of the quote. Robert M "Bob" Shrum (born 1943) is an American political consultant, who has worked on numerous Democratic campaigns [19] "Boy, do I wish he would have let you publish his name. Then he never would have been picked as vice president," said Shrum. [19] "Because the two things, the two things that happened to George McGovern—two of the things that happened to him—were the label you put on him, number one, and number two, the Eagleton disaster. We had a messy convention, but he could have, I think in the end, carried eight or 10 states, remained politically viable. And Eagleton was one of the great train wrecks of all time. "[19]

Return to the Senate

After this loss, McGovern returned to South Dakota, where he was re-elected to the Senate in 1974. During the Iran hostage crisis he joined with conservative Republicans in authorizing military action to free the hostages. The Iran hostage crisis ( Persian: تصرف سفارت آمریکا was a diplomatic crisis between Iran and the United States where 52 Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favour Tradition, where tradition refers to various religious cultural or nationally defined In 1980, he was defeated for re-election by U.S. Rep. James Abdnor amidst that year's Republican sweep, which became known as the "Reagan Revolution. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. James Abdnor (b February 13 1923, Kennebec South Dakota) is a Politician from the state of South Dakota. The United States Presidency of Ronald Reagan, also known as the Reagan Administration, was a Republican administration headed by " In 1984, he sought his party's presidential nomination once again. The United States presidential election of 1984 was a contest between the incumbent President Ronald Reagan, the Republican candidate and former Vice President Although he finished in third place in the Iowa caucus in a crowded field, his campaign eventually floundered and he withdrew soon after the New Hampshire primary. The Iowa caucuses are an electoral event in which residents of the U The New Hampshire primary is the first in a series of nationwide Political party Primary elections held in the United States every four years as part of

Personal

The McGoverns had five children: Ann, Teresa ("Terry"), Susan, Mary McGovern-McKinnon, and Steven. Teresa McGovern (known as Terry was the daughter of 1972 presidential candidate George McGovern. [22] In 1994, his daughter Terry died of hypothermia while intoxicated. Hypothermia is a condition in which an organism's temperature drops below that required for normal Metabolism and bodily functions McGovern revealed his daughter had battled her alcohol addiction for years. The term " addiction " is used in many contexts to describe an obsession compulsion or excessive Physical dependence or psychological dependence such as He founded a non-profit organization in her name to help others suffering from alcoholism and authored a book, Terry: My Daughter's Life-and-Death Struggle with Alcoholism. Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions [23]

McGovern's wife, Eleanor, died January 25, 2007, at their home in Mitchell, South Dakota. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [24]

1984 Presidential campaign

McGovern attempted a political comeback by running for the 1984 Democratic Presidential nomination. Despite having name recognition the campaign was largely unsuccessful. McGovern won no primaries, and picked up just four votes at the Democratic Convention. He eventually gave his support to Democratic nominee Walter Mondale. Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale (born January 5, 1928) is an American politician and member of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party McGovern went on to host Saturday Night Live on April 14, shortly after dropping out due to poor showings in the Super Tuesday primaries. Saturday Night Live ( SNL) is a weekly late-night 90-minute American Sketch comedy / Variety show based in New York City [25]

Recent activities

In 1981–1982, McGovern replaced historian Stephen Ambrose as a professor at the University of New Orleans. Stephen Edward Ambrose ( January 10, 1936 – October 13, 2002) was an American Historian and Biographer of U The University of New Orleans, often locally called UNO, is a medium sized public urban University located in New Orleans Louisiana, United States

McGovern played a dull caricature of himself in a 1990 Newhart episode. Newhart is a Television Situation comedy starring Comedian Bob Newhart and actress Mary Frann as an author and his That year, he was awarded an honorary J. D. degree from the University of Houston law school.

McGovern considered another run for the White House in 1992, according to a New York Times article published on January 25, 1991.

From 1998 to 2001, he served as U. S. ambassador to the United Nations (UN) Food and Agriculture Organization, based in Rome, Italy (he was succeeded in this post by long-time Democratic Rep. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Tony Hall). Tony Patrick Hall (born January 16, 1942, in Dayton Ohio) is an American politician who served as a Democrat from Ohio In 2001, he was appointed UN Global Ambassador on World Hunger by the World Food Programme. [26]

He endorsed Democrat Wesley Clark's unsuccessful candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination for the 2004 presidential election on January 18, 2004 (24 days before Clark's withdrawal from the race). Wesley Kanne Clark, KBE (born December 23 1944 is a retired General of the United States Army. Ten candidates vied for the nomination including retired four-star general Wesley Clark, former Vermont Governor Howard Dean, John Edwards Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " McGovern continues to lecture and make public appearances. He previously owned a used book store in his summer home of Stevensville in Montana's Bitterroot Valley. Stevensville is a town in Ravalli County, Montana, United States. Montana ( is a state in the Western United States. One-third of the state in the western part contains numerous mountain ranges (approximately 77 named of the northern The Bitterroot Valley is located in southwestern Montana in the northwestern United States.

On June 2, 2005, McGovern stated "the U. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. media needs a modern-day "Deep Throat" within the administration of President George W. Bush to reveal how America was "misled on Iraq. Deep Throat is the Pseudonym given to the secret source who provided information to the Washington Post about the involvement of U George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. " He is a member of the Middle East Policy Council. The Middle East Policy Council or MEPC is a Washington DC based 501(c3 Non-profit organization that deals with issues concerning the Middle East.

On July 28, 2005, McGovern appeared on Idaho Public Television's "Dialogue" program[27] and discussed a variety of subjects including parallels between the Iraq war and Vietnam, and Vice-President Dick Cheney's assertions that Iraq was involved in the 9/11 events. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Idaho Public Television (Also known as IdahoPTV) is a PBS member network of stations covering the state of Idaho Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30 1941 is the forty-sixth and current Vice President of the United States. On September 4, 2005, he appeared at the Houston Astrodome in support of the survivors of Hurricane Katrina. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. For the aeronautical use see Astrodome (aviation Reliant Astrodome, also known as the Houston Astrodome or simply the Astrodome Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the five deadliest in the history of the United States This time, another Houston university, Rice University, awarded him an honorary Ph. D.

On March 22, 2006 McGovern spoke at the University of Virginia, Miller Center of Public Affairs, on the topic of world hunger. Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research [28] Fighting World Hunger, a 60 minute lecture, is available in streaming video and audio formats through the University Channel. In the lecture, he discusses the history of U. S. hunger initiatives along with his own role in establishing programs such as Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and the National School Lunch Program. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (known as WIC) is a Federal assistance program of the Food and Nutrition Service The Richard B Russell National School Lunch Act is a United States federal law signed by President Harry S Truman in 1946. He also expressed his views on the Iraq war and alcoholism as a social ill. The Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, the Occupation of Iraq, or the War in Iraq, is an ongoing Military campaign Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions

In 2006, the film One Bright Shining Moment — The Forgotten Summer of George McGovern [29] was released in the United States. One Bright Shining Moment: The Forgotten Summer of George Directed by Stephen Vittoria and narrated by Amy Goodman, the documentary chronicles the life and times of George McGovern, focusing on his 1972 bid for the presidency. Amy Goodman (born April 13 1957 in Bay Shore / New York) is an American broadcast journalist, Syndicated columnist and Author Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality The film features McGovern, Gloria Steinem, Gore Vidal, Warren Beatty, Howard Zinn and Dick Gregory. Gloria Marie Steinem (born March 25, 1934) is an American feminist icon Journalist and women's rights advocate Gore Vidal (born October 3 1925 ˌgɔər vɪˈdɑːl or /vɪˈdæl/ is an American Novelist, Screenwriter, Playwright, Warren Beatty (born Henry Warren Beaty; March 30 1937 is an American Academy Award - and Golden Globe -winning Actor, producer Howard Zinn (born August 24 1922 is an American Historian, political scientist, social critic, activist and Playwright, best known Dick Gregory (born Richard Claxton Gregory on October 12, 1932) is an American Comedian, Social activist, Writer

On October 3, 2006, a book written by McGovern and foreign policy analyst William R. Polk titled Out of Iraq: A Practical Plan for Withdrawal Now was released by Simon & Schuster. Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. William Roe Polk is a veteran foreign policy consultant author and relation of president James K Simon & Schuster Inc, a division of CBS Corporation, is a Publisher founded in New York in 1924 by Richard L In the book McGovern and Polk argue for an immediate withdrawal of U.S. military forces from Iraq. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. [30]

On October 5–October 7, 2006, the George and Eleanor McGovern Library and Center for Leadership and Public Service was dedicated at Dakota Wesleyan University in Mitchell, South Dakota. Events 869 - The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Dakota Wesleyan University (DWU is a four-year University located in Mitchell South Dakota, and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Mitchell is a city in and the County seat of Davison County South Dakota, United States. Among the dedication's dignitaries were former President Bill Clinton and Allen Neuharth. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Allen H Neuharth (born March 22, 1924, Eureka South Dakota) is an American businessman author and columnist

On the January 2, 2007 episode of CNN's Larry King Live, McGovern announced publicly for the first time that he voted for Gerald Ford in the 1976 presidential election, even though Ford was a Republican. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner Larry King Live is an American talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN. Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr (July 14 1913 December 26 2006 was the thirty-eighth President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977 and the fortieth Vice President The United States presidential election of 1976 followed the resignation of President Richard M McGovern said he felt more comfortable with Ford than with Carter, whom he did not know well. But, McGovern voted for Carter in 1980, when Carter lost his bid for re-election.

On July 10, 2007, "An Evening with George McGovern" was held at Dakota Wesleyan University in Mitchell, South Dakota, to celebrate McGovern's upcoming 85th birthday. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Dakota Wesleyan University (DWU is a four-year University located in Mitchell South Dakota, and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. Mitchell is a city in and the County seat of Davison County South Dakota, United States. The event was anchored by veteran NBC correspondent Sander Vanocur. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Sander Vanocur, born January 8 1928 in Cleveland Ohio, is an American Journalist. When asked by Vanocur about his feelings about the term "McGovernism" to describe a particular liberal philosophy, McGovern quipped, "“Well, I’m one politician that’s in the dictionary, even though it’s as a swear word. ”[31]

As well, a celebration of McGovern's 85 years was held on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., attended by such notables as former Senator and Republican Presidential Nominee Bob Dole and former Senator Gary Hart, campaign manager for McGovern's 1972 presidential campaign. Capitol Hill, aside from being a Metonym for the United States Congress, is the largest historic residential Neighborhood in Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D Robert Joseph "Bob" Dole (born July 22 1923 is an attorney and retired United States Senator from Kansas from 1969–1996 serving part of that time For the football player see Gary Hart (footballer. Gary Hart (born Gary Warren Hartpence, November 28, 1936 In remarks prepared for the event, Bill Clinton, who worked on the McGovern campaign in 1972, referred to the over 300 attendees at the celebration as "McGovern's heirs. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States "[32]

In October of 2007 McGovern endorsed U. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. S. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-NY) for the 2008 Democratic Nomination. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from PLEASE DO NOT MAKE STRUCTURAL CHANGES TO THIS PAGE WITHOUT FIRST DISCUSSING THEM ON THIS ARTICLE'S DISCUSSION PAGE [33]

On January 6, 2008, McGovern wrote an op-ed published in the Washington Post calling for the impeachment of President George W. Bush and Vice-President Dick Cheney. Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30 1941 is the forty-sixth and current Vice President of the United States. The subtitle of the article reads "Nixon was Bad. These Guys Are Worse. "[34]

On March 7, 2008, McGovern wrote an op-ed entitled "Freedom Means Responsibility," which was published in the Wall Street Journal criticizing "economic paternalism" on both the left and the right. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common He criticized calls for regulation of sub-prime morgages and advocated allowing people to purchase health care across state lines. [35]

On March 10, 2008, he appeared on Comedy Central's "The Colbert Report. Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Comedy Central is an American Cable television and Satellite television channel that carries predominantly Comedy programming The Colbert Report (/kolˈbɛr rəˈpɔr/&mdashthe t is silent in "Colbert" is a Peabody Award and Emmy Award winning American " During the interview, he stated that although he endorsed Hillary Clinton, he did not know Barack Obama at the time and has been "very impressed with him as a candidate. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from " In addition, McGovern briefly commented on his opposition to the war in Iraq and Stephen Colbert featured McGovern's 2006 book, Out of Iraq: A Practical Plan for Withdrawal Now. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Stephen Tyrone Colbert ( born May 13 1964 is an American Comedian, satirist, Actor and Writer, known for his ironic style

McGovern currently serves as a Senior Policy Advisor to the law firm of Olsson Frank Weeda Terman Bode Matz, PC, a food and drug regulatory counseling and lobbying firm in Washington, DC.

On May 7, 2008, McGovern switched his endorsement for the Democratic Nomination 2008 from Hillary Clinton to Barack Obama, and publicly urged Senator Clinton to withdraw from the race. Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from [36]. Though on May 12, in an opinion article for the NY Times, [37] McGovern stated that Hillary's persistance in the campaign was perfectly allowable. He urged the two candidates to discontinue criticizing each other and instead focus on John McCain. For party unity, he suggested that they make joint appearances in the remaining primary states to raise money for the state parties.

Legacy

George McGovern helped institute major changes in Democratic party rules—including the requirement that delegates to the party's nominating convention be diverse—that continue to this day. He remains a symbol of the political left during the turbulent 1960s and early 1970s when the country was torn by U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War and the corruption and abuse of power of the Nixon administration. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia McGovern recognized the mixed results of his 1972 candidacy, saying, "I opened the doors of the Democratic Party and 20 million people walked out. "[38] McGovern's campaign also represented the last time a mostly grass roots candidacy was able to wrest control of either party's presidential nomination against the perceived will of a party's leadership, until Senator Barack Obama's nomination in the 2008 Presidental Elections. For other meanings see Grass roots (disambiguation. A grassroots movement (often referenced in the context of a Political movement McGovern has also become more forceful in recent years in drawing historical parallels between the Nixon and Bush administrations and the Vietnam and Iraq wars.

Despite his reputation as a dovish liberal, McGovern has publicly stated he is not a pacifist. [39]

McGovern's legacy also includes a commitment to combating hunger both in the United States and around the globe. In addition to numerous domestic programs, along with former Senator Bob Dole (R-Kansas), he created an international school lunch program through The George McGovern-Robert Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program, which helps fight child hunger and poverty by providing nutritious meals to children in schools in developing countries. Robert Joseph "Bob" Dole (born July 22 1923 is an attorney and retired United States Senator from Kansas from 1969–1996 serving part of that time McGovern is an honorary life member of the board of Friends of the World Food Program. [40]

Electoral history

Multimedia

Further reading

References

  1. ^ Airport Journals
  2. ^ Online NewsHour: The Wild Blue - August 16, 2001
  3. ^ In 1974, Garrett Theological Seminary became Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. See Garrett-Evangelical: An Arranged MarriageRetrieved May 13, 2007.
  4. ^ The Plight of The Doves - TIME
  5. ^ The Harvard Crimson :: News :: Politics McGovern Runs for President
  6. ^ White, Theodore H. The Making of the President 1972. Antheneum Publishers. 1973. pp. 17–20. ISBN 0689105533
  7. ^ White. pp. 24–33
  8. ^ White p. 122
  9. ^ White p. 360
  10. ^ McGovern Moves Front, Maybe Center - TIME
  11. ^ White p. 123
  12. ^ White p. 125
  13. ^ White p. 190
  14. '^ See, for example, Time Magazines August 7, 1972, cover story, for a contemporaneous view of the McGovern campaign's handling of this issue. Time (trademarked in capitals as TIME) is a weekly American Newsmagazine, similar to Newsweek and Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
  15. ^ Who is Karl Rove? | World news | The Guardian
  16. ^ village voice > news > Mondo Washington: Grime Pays by James Ridgeway
  17. ^ Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections
  18. ^ After the Landslide: Nixon's Mandate - Printout - TIME
  19. ^ a b c d e f g Meet the Press Transcript for July 15, 2007. "Interview with Robert Novak
  20. ^ a b c d e f Kansas City Star. "With another disclosure, Novak bedevils the dead" by Steve Kraske. July 28, 2007. The original story is a dead link. An archival copy is available here.
  21. ^ Columbia Tribune. "A slice of history: Biographers of the late U.S. Sen. Thomas Eagleton of Missouri will find some vivid anecdotes when they comb through his large collection of journals, letters and transcripts housed in Columbia" by Terry Ganey. August 19, 2007
  22. ^ Seth Tupper, The Daily Republic, Eleanor McGovern dies at age 85, Jan 26, 2007. Retrieved March 4, 2007.
  23. ^ Gordon, Meryl. "Hitting Bottom", The New York Times, The New York Times Company, 1996-06-02. The New York Times Company ( is an American media company It is Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Retrieved on 2008-05-08. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen  
  24. ^ CNN.com - Transcripts
  25. ^ [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0695020 Saturday Night Live George McGovern/Madness (1984)]. IMDB. Retrieved: 03 June 2008.
  26. ^ WFP appoints George McGovern as Global Ambassador on Hunger | WFP - Latest news - News - Press Releases
  27. ^ http://www.idahoptv.org/dialogue/showtemplate.cfm?ShowNo=1030
  28. ^ World Hunger
  29. ^ One Bright Shining Moment
  30. ^ Amazon: "Out of Iraq" Amazon.com
  31. ^ DWU - Press Release
  32. ^ David S. Broder - The McGovern Landslide - washingtonpost.com
  33. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080507/ap_on_el_pr/mcgovern_clinton
  34. ^ George McGovern - Why I Believe Bush Must Go - washingtonpost.com
  35. ^ Freedom Means Responsibility - WSJ.com
  36. ^ NYTimes http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/08/us/politics/07cnd-campaign.html?hp
  37. ^ A Two-for-One Campaign - New York Times
  38. ^ Jonah Goldberg, "Nedrenaline Rush" August 11, 2006 National Review
  39. ^ Defense: Pulling Back - TIME
  40. ^ Home | Friends of the World Food Program
  41. ^ Our Campaigns - SD District 01 Race - Nov 06, 1956
  42. ^ Our Campaigns - SD District 01 Race - Nov 04, 1958
  43. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate Race - Nov 08, 1960
  44. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1962
  45. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1968
  46. ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Convention Race - Aug 26, 1968
  47. ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Primaries Race - Mar 07, 1972
  48. ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Convention Race - Jul 10, 1972
  49. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1974
  50. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate - D Primary Race - Jun 03, 1980
  51. ^ Our Campaigns - SD US Senate Race - Nov 04, 1980
  52. ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Primaries Race - Feb 20, 1984
  53. ^ Our Campaigns - US President - D Convention Race - Jul 16, 1984

External links

United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Harold O. Lovre		 Member from South Dakota's
1st congressional district
1957 – 1961		 Succeeded by
Ben Reifel
United States Senate
Preceded by
Joseph H. Bottum		 Senator from South Dakota (Class 3)
1963 – 1981
Served alongside: Karl E. Mundt, James Abourezk,
Larry Pressler		 Succeeded by
James Abdnor
Party political offices
Preceded by
Hubert Humphrey		 Democratic Party presidential candidate
1972		 Succeeded by
Jimmy Carter
Amazoncom Inc ( is an American electronic commerce ( E-commerce) company in Seattle Washington. Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. National Review ( NR) is a biweekly Magazine and Web site, founded by the late author William F The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Harold Orrin Lovre ( January 30, 1904 - January 17, 1972) was a U For South Dakota's current district see. South Dakota's 1st congressional district is now obsolete Dr Benjamin "Ben" Reifel (September 19 1906 - January 2 1990 a Lakota Sioux and a Republican United States Congressman from the First District The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Joseph H Bottum ( August 7, 1903 &ndash July 4, 1984) was a member of the United States Senate from South Dakota. The following is a list of United States Senators from South Dakota. Karl Earl Mundt ( June 3, 1900 – August 16, 1974) was an American educator and a Republican member of the United James George Abourezk (born February 24, 1931) is a former Democratic United States Representative and United States Senator, and Larry Lee Pressler (b March 29, 1942) is a US Republican Politician. James Abdnor (b February 13 1923, Kennebec South Dakota) is a Politician from the state of South Dakota. Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr ( May 27, 1911 &ndash January 13, 1978) was the thirty-eighth Vice President of the United States, serving This is a list of the candidates for the offices of President of the United States and Vice President of the United States of the modern Democratic Party of the United The United States presidential election of 1972 was waged on the issues of radicalism and the Vietnam War. James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002
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