| George Ellery Hale | |
 George Ellery Hale in his office at Mount Wilson Observatory, about 1905.
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| Born | June 29, 1868 Chicago |
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| Died | February 21, 1938 |
| Nationality | United States |
| Fields | astronomy |
| Known for | spectroheliograph |
George Ellery Hale (June 29, 1868 – February 21, 1938) was an American solar astronomer, born in Chicago. Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study The spectroheliograph is an instrument used in Astronomy. It captures a photographic image of the Sun at a single Wavelength of Light Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. He was educated at MIT, at the Observatory of Harvard College, (1889-90), and at Berlin (1893-94). Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) For other universities in Berlin see List of Universities in Berlin. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common As an undergraduate at MIT, he invented the spectroheliograph, with which he made his discoveries of the solar vortices and magnetic fields of sun spots. The spectroheliograph is an instrument used in Astronomy. It captures a photographic image of the Sun at a single Wavelength of Light A sunspot is a region on the Sun 's surface ( Photosphere) that is marked by intense magnetic activity which inhibits Convection, forming
In 1890 he was appointed director of the Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory; he was professor of Astrophysics at Beloit College (1891-93; associate professor at the University of Chicago until 1897, and full professor (1897-1905). The Kenwood Astrophysical Observatory was the personal Observatory of George Ellery Hale, constructed by his father William E Astrophysics is the branch of Astronomy that deals with the Physics of the Universe, including the physical properties ( Luminosity, Beloit College is a selective private coeducational Liberal arts College in Beloit Wisconsin, USA, and a member of the Associated Colleges Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting He was coeditor of Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1892-95 and after 1895 editor of the Astrophysical Journal. Year 1892 ( MDCCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
He helped found a number of observatories, including Yerkes Observatory, Mount Wilson Observatory, and the Hale Solar Laboratory. Yerkes Observatory which calls itself "the birthplace of modern astrophysics" is an astronomical observatory operated by the University of Chicago in The Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO is an Astronomical observatory in Los Angeles County California. The Hale Solar Laboratory was the laboratory of George Ellery Hale. At Mount Wilson, he hired and encouraged Harlow Shapley and Edwin Hubble and did a great deal of fundraising, planning, organizing and promotion of astronomical institutions, societies and journals. Harlow Shapley ( November 2 1885 &ndash October 20 1972) was an American Astronomer. Edwin Powell Hubble ( November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer. Hale also played a central role in developing the California Institute of Technology into a leading research university and in building the Palomar Observatory. The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech) is a private, Coeducational research university located in Pasadena Palomar Observatory is a privately owned Observatory located in San Diego County California, 90 miles (145 Km) Southeast of Mount Wilson
Honors
Awards
- Henry Draper Medal in 1904. The Henry Draper Medal was established by the widow of Henry Draper, and is awarded by the U
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1904. The Gold Medal is the highest award of the Royal Astronomical Society.
- Bruce Medal in 1916. The Catherine Wolfe Bruce Gold Medal is awarded every year by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific for outstanding lifetime contributions to Astronomy.
- Janssen Medal in 1917.
- Galileo Medal, Florence, in 1920.
- Actonian Prize in 1921. The Actonian Prize was established by the Royal Institution as a septennial award for the "person who in the judgement of the committee of managers for the time being of
- Copley Medal in 1932. The Copley Medal is a scientific award for distinguished achievement in any field of Science established by the Royal Society of London in 1731
- Elliott Cresson Medal in Physics in 1926 - a Franklin Institute Award.
- Franklin Medal in Physics in 1927 from The Franklin Institute.
Named after him
- Hale Telescope at Palomar Observatory. The Hale Telescope is the largest telescope at the Palomar Observatory, named after astronomer George Ellery Hale. Palomar Observatory is a privately owned Observatory located in San Diego County California, 90 miles (145 Km) Southeast of Mount Wilson
- 22-year solar Hale cycle.
- Asteroid 1024 Hale. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but
- Hale crater on the Moon. Hale is a relatively young lunar Impact crater that is located on the southern limb of the Moon.
- Hale crater on Mars.
- Hale Middle School, Woodland Hills, CA
- Hale House, Shoreland Hall, University of Chicago
- Hale Building, Pasadena, California
External links
- Bruce Medal page
- Awarding of the Bruce Medal: PASP 28 (1916) 12
- Awarding of the RAS gold medal: MNRAS 64 (1904) 388
- The New Heavens, 1922, by George Hale, from Project Gutenberg
Obituaries
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