George Croghan (c. 1720 - August 31, 1782) was a prominent American colonist and early advocate of westward expansion. Year 1720 ( MDCCXX) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Events 1056 - Byzantine Empress Theodora becomes ill dying suddenly a few days later without children to succeed the Throne Year 1782 ( MDCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The term colonial history of the United States refers to the history of the land that would become the United States from the start of European settlement to the time of independence This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. He was an experienced Indian agent and fur trader. The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal Fur. His name is also seen spelled as Crogan and Crowgan, and is said to have been pronounced with a silent g.
George Croghan was born in Dublin, Ireland around 1720, moved to Colonial America in 1741, and became a fur trader in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. The term colonial history of the United States refers to the history of the land that would become the United States from the start of European settlement to the time of independence Year 1741 ( MDCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Lancaster is a city in the South Central part of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is the County seat of Lancaster County. By the mid 1740s, at a time when there were few English-speaking people beyond the Appalachian Mountains, Croghan was a leading trader in the Ohio Country. The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. The Ohio Country (sometimes called the Ohio Territory) was the name used in the 18th century for the regions of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains At the outset of the French and Indian War, French forces occupied the Ohio Country and expelled or arrested all British merchants. The French and Indian War (1754&ndash1763 was the North American chapter of the Seven Years' War. Croghan's budding business empire was ruined. He subsequently led a group of eight Indian scouts during the ill-fated Braddock Expedition in 1755. The Braddock expedition (also called "Braddock's campaign" was a failed British attempt to capture the French Fort Duquesne in the summer of Year 1755 ( MDCCLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Afterwards he moved from Pennsylvania to New York in 1756 and became a Deputy Superintendent of Indian Affairs under Sir William Johnson. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Year 1756 ( MDCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Sir William Johnson 1st Baronet (1715 &ndash 11 July 1774) founder of Johnstown, New York, was an Irish pioneer and army
Croghan led a group of speculators, including Benjamin Franklin and his son William Franklin in land schemes in the Ohio Country, the Illinois Country and New York. Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. William Franklin (1731- November 17, 1813) was the last Colonial Governor of New Jersey. The Illinois Country ( Pays des Illinois) was the name used in the 17th century and afterwards to refer to an undefined region centered around present day southwest
In 1764, while in England, he claimed that his infuence had previously won him a 200,000 acre (800 km²) land grant from the Iroquois and asked that the Governor of New York be instructed to issue patents for this land. Year 1764 ( MDCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government A patent is a set of Exclusive rights granted by a State to an inventor or his assignee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an Crogan was turned down by the Board of Trade because of the size of the grant and because it would not meet "the terms of the Proclamation of 1763. The Board of Trade is a committee of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom, originating as a committee of inquiry in the 17th century and evolving gradually into a government The Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763 by King George III following Great Britain 's acquisition of French territory " However on September 6, 1765, Croghan was awarded a much smaller 10,000 acre (40 km²) grant in New York. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1765 ( MDCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
In 1765 while on a mission to talk with Pontiac his party was attacked while on the Ohio river. Five of his party were killed and he took a hatchet wound to the head. He was captured and taken 250 miles up river, but his captors changed their mind and asked him to arrange a peace conference.
Croghan managed to get the grant from the Iroquois renewed by the Treaty of Fort Stanwix in 1768, but then attempted to locate that grant on the upper Ohio River. The Treaty of Fort Stanwix was an important Treaty between North American Indians and the British Empire. The Ohio River is the largest Tributary by volume of the Mississippi River.
By 1785, 40,000 to 50,000 acres (160 to 200 km²) of Croghan's Otsego lands were sold at auction to William Cooper (father of James Fenimore Cooper), from Burlington, New Jersey. Year 1785 ( MDCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Judge William Cooper ( December 2, 1754 &ndash December 22, 1809) was the founder of Cooperstown New York and father of writer James Fenimore Cooper (September 15 1789 &ndash September 14 1851 was a prolific and popular American writer of the early 19th century See also Burlington Township New Jersey Burlington is a city in Burlington County, New Jersey, United
Croghan's grandson, Augustin Prevost of Cooperstown, New York was aboard the Liverpool packet Albion when it went down in the September Gale of 1822. Maj General Augustin Prévost (ca 1725 - May 5, 1786) was born in Geneva, Switzerland and served as a British General Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary Packet (sea transport: A Packet service is a regular scheduled service carrying freight and passengers Albion (Ἀλβιών in Greek) is the oldest known name of the island of Great Britain. Year 1822 (MDCCCXXII was a Common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Sunday of the
Further reading
- Merrell, James H. Into the American Woods: Negotiators on the Pennsylvania Frontier. New York: Norton, 1999. ISBN 0-393-04676-1.
- Volwiler, Albert T. George Croghan and the Westward Movement, 1741–1782. Cleveland: The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1926.
- Wainwright, Nicholas B. George Croghan: Wilderness Diplomat. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1959.
External links
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