Kochi (pronunciation ; Malayalam: കൊച്ചി [Kocci]); formerly known as Cochin) is a city in the Indian state of Kerala. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Kerala ( Malayalam: {{Kerala in Malayalam}}; Kochi is located in the district of Ernakulam, about 220 km north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. For the town with the same name see Ernakulam. Ernakulam District (എറണാകുളം is a district of the state of The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Thiruvananthapuram ( Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം Tiruvanantapuraṁ) also known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Old Kochi loosely refers to a group of islands including Willingdon Island, Fort Kochi and Mattancherry. Willingdon Island is the home of the modern Port that serves Kochi in Kerala, India. A municipal town from 1866 to 1967 Fort Kochi now is one of the three main urban components that constitute the present day City of Kochi in the Indian State of Mattancherry is the western part of Kochi corporation in Ernakulam district of Kerala, south India. Today Kochi includes Ernakulam, old parts of Kochi, Kumbalangi, and outlying islands. This article is about the town of Ernakulam See Ernakulam district. Kumbalangi is a village in Kerala, India. Located in the district of Ernakulam, near the city of Kochi, the village was selected as a model tourism For many centuries up to and during the British Raj, the city of Kochi was the seat of the eponymous princely state — the Kingdom of Cochin, which lay between 9. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a The Kingdom of Cochin or Kochi (also known as Perumpadappu Swaroopam, Madarajyam, Gosree Rajyam, or Kuru Swaroopam; 48° and 10. 50° latitude and 76. 5° and 76. 58° E longitude. The coordinates of the present city are: 9°58′0″N, 76°13′60″E
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Location
Kochi is located on the southwest coast of India, in the southern state of Kerala. Willingdon Island is the home of the modern Port that serves Kochi in Kerala, India. The city lies at the sea mouth of seven major rivers which start from the Western Ghats and travel through Kerala’s midlands, lowlands and coastal areas, to drain out into the Arabian Sea. The Western Ghats ( Kannada ಸಹ್ಯಾದ್ರಿ Marathi / Konkani - सह्याद्री Sahyadri Malayalam സഹ്യപര്വ്വതം The Arabian Sea ( Arabic: بحر العرب transliterated: Baḥr al-'Arab Sanskrit: सिन्धु सागर transliterated: Earlier, Kochi was used to refer to the region encompassing Mattancherry, Fort Kochi, Palluruthy and Thoppumpadi. Mattancherry is the western part of Kochi corporation in Ernakulam district of Kerala, south India. A municipal town from 1866 to 1967 Fort Kochi now is one of the three main urban components that constitute the present day City of Kochi in the Indian State of Today, Kochi comprises the mainland Ernakulam, old Kochi, Kadavanthra, the suburbs of Edapally and the exurbia of Kalamassery and Kakkanad to the northeast; Tripunithura to the south east; and a group of islands closely scattered in the Vembanad lake. This article is about the town of Ernakulam See Ernakulam district. Edappally is a fast growing suburb of Kochi/Cochin City in Kerala state Southern India. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kalamassery is a Municipality in Ernakulam district in the Indian state Kakkanad is the administrative headquarters of the district of Ernakulam in Kerala, India. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Thrippunithura is a city and a Municipality in Ernakulam district in the Indian Vembanad Lake ( Vembanad Kayal or Vembanad Kol) is India 's longest Lake, and is the largest lake in the state of Kerala.
List of islands
Most of the islands of Kochi are very small, varying in extent from 4 square miles to less than a square mile. The major islands in Kochi are :
- Bolghatty Island (Ponjikkara)
- Willingdon Island
- Vypeen Island
- Ramanthuruthu
- Vallarpadam
- Kumbalam
- Cherai
- Cheranelloor
Geographical features
Kochi lies at the northern end of a narrow neck of land, about 19 km long and less than 1. Bolghatty Island also known as Ponjikara is one of the islands that make up the city of Kochi, Kerala, India. Willingdon Island is the home of the modern Port that serves Kochi in Kerala, India. Vypin, also spelled Vypeen (വൈപ്പിന് is an island in Ernakulam district of Kerala. Ramanthuruthu is one of the smallest islands that make up the city of Kochi, Kerala, India. Vallarpadam is one of the islands that make up the city of Kochi, Kerala, India. Kumbalam is one of the islands that make up the Urban agglomeration of Kochi, Kerala, India. Cherai is a small coastal town in the Ernakulam district of Kerala, South India. 6 km wide in many places, and is separated from the mainland by inlets from the Arabian sea and by the estuaries of rivers draining from the Western Ghats. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open As a result, Kochi is a natural harbour. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored
Much of Kochi lies at the sea level, and the entire city spans an area of 87. 5 km². Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The city has a seacoast of about 30 miles. [1] Willingdon Island is a large artificial island, created by dredging the Vembanad Lake under the direction of Lord Willingdon. An artificial island is an Island that has been constructed by humans rather than formed by natural means [2] The city has a rich network of backwaters, which has been declared as National Waterways by the Central Government. Traditional means Walking In ancient times people often covered long distances on foot [3]
Soil and rock
The soil consists mainly of recent sediments (Alluvium, Teri’s, Brown sands etc. Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of Alluvium (from the Latin, alluvius, from alluere, "to wash against" is Soil or Sediments deposited by a river or other running ). Hydromorphic saline soils are also found in the areas surrounding the backwaters. The major rock types are Archaean-basic dykes, Charnockites and Gneisses. A dike or dyke in Geology is a type of Sheet intrusion referring to any geologic body that cuts Discordantly ' across planar (1 Charnockite (ˈtʃɑrnəkaɪt is applied to any orthopyroxene-bearing granite composed mainly of Quartz, Perthite or antiperthite and Orthopyroxene Gneiss (ˈnaɪs is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from preexisting formations that were originally
Climate
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Kochi’s climate is generally tropical, with no harsh extremities. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 Surface temperatures range between 20–35 °C (68–95 °F). The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 The current record high temperature is 38 °C; the lowest is 17 °C. Heavy rains accompanied by thunder are common from June through September due to the South-West monsoon. A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months Light showers are experienced from October to December due to the North-West monsoon. The average annual rainfall is about 350 cm with an average 132 rainy days annually; the bulk of the rainfall stems from the South-West monsoon. A centimetre ( American spelling: centimeter, symbol cm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one hundredth The winds are moderate, with slight increase during summer and the monsoon seasons.
Flora and fauna
The flora of the region is predominantly tropical. Common vegetation in the region include Launaea, Ipomoea, Portulaca, Hydrocotyle, Spinifex, Lippia, Moniera, Cynodon, Digitari, Cyperus etc. UserPolbot. --> Launaea is a genus of Flowering plant in the Asteraceae family "Ipomoea" is also a track by the Ethereal wave band Love Spirals Downwards, and a short story by John Rackham published by Ace Books in Portulaca ( purslane) is the Type genus of the purslane family Portulacaceae, comprising about 40-100 species (probably much fewer and potentially Hydrocotyle sometimes called water pennywort, Indian Pennywort, Marsh Penny, Thick-leaved Pennywort and even Phyla is a Genus in the plant Not to be confused with the vertebrate clade " Cynodont " Cynodon ( Greek "Dog-tooth" is a genus of nine species of Cyperus is a large Genus of about 600 Species of sedges distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions Magrove formations are also common. Though much of the city is urbanised, the city retains an ecologically sensitive area right at its centre — the Mangalavanam. Mangalavanam is an ecologically sensitive area situated at the centre of the Indian city of Kochi. Mangalavanam is a nesting ground for a vast variety of migratory birds and supports many varieties of mangroves. Bird migration refers to the regular seasonal journeys undertaken by many species of Birds Bird movements include those made in response to changes in food availability Mangroves (generally are Trees and Shrubs that grow in saline coastal habitats in the Tropics and Subtropics. This rare ecosystem in the heart of the city has helped mitigate Kochi’s pollution problems. The Mangalavanam is also a protected bird sanctuary. An animal sanctuary is a facility where Animals are brought to live and be protected for the rest of their lives
The backwaters also harbour many different types of fishes. Aquatic mammals like dolphins are aplenty in the backwaters of Kochi. Dolphins are Marine mammals that are closely related to Whales and Porpoises There are almost forty species of dolphin in seventeen genera.
See also
Notes
- ^ Geography of Kochi. Corporation of Kochi. Retrieved on 2006-05-23. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne
- ^ The Cochin Saga. Robert Charles Bristow employed to develop Kochi port. Corporation of Kochi. Retrieved on 2006-05-23. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne
- ^ National Waterway-3 plagued by hurdles. Corporation of Kochi. Retrieved on 2006-05-23. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne
- ^ Historical weather for Kochi. weatherbase. Retrieved on 2006-05-23. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne
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