| Gentian | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Gentiana verna
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Species | ||||||||||||
|
See text. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Magnoliopsida is the Botanical name for a class of Flowering plants By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its Gentianales are an order of Flowering plants included within the Asterid group of Dicotyledons The circumscription of Gentiales in the Cronquist Gentianaceae, or the Gentian family is a family of Flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for |
Gentiana is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the Gentian family (Gentianaceae), tribe Gentianeae and monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Gentianaceae, or the Gentian family is a family of Flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species This a large genus, with about 400 species.
This is a cosmopolitan genus, occurring in alpine habitats of temperate regions of Asia, Europe and the Americas. In Biogeography, a Biological category of living things is said to have cosmopolitan distribution if this category can be found almost anywhere around the world The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America Some species also occur in northwest Africa, eastern Australia and New Zealand. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island They consist of annual, biennial and perennial plants. Some are evergreen, others are not.
Gentians have opposite leaves that are sometimes arranged in a basal rosette, and trumpet-shaped flowers that are usually deep blue or azure, but may vary from white, creamy and yellow to red. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also Many species also show considerable polymorphism with respect to flower color. Polymorphism in biology occurs when two or more clearly different Phenotypes exist in the same population of a species — in other words the occurrence of more than one Typically, blue-flowered species predominate in the Northern Hemisphere, with red-flowered species dominant in the Andes (where bird pollination is probably more heavily favored by natural selection). The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. White-flowered species are scattered throughout the range of the genus but dominate in New Zealand. All gentian species have terminal tubular flowers and most are pentamerous, i. e. with 5 corolla lobes (petals), and 5 sepals, but 4-7 in some species. A petal (from Ancient Greek petalon "leaf" "thin plate" regarded as a highly modified leaf is one member or part of the corolla A petal (from Ancient Greek petalon "leaf" "thin plate" regarded as a highly modified leaf is one member or part of the corolla A sepal (from Latin separatus "separate" + petalum "petal" is a part of the flower of Angiosperms or flower plants The style is rather short or absent. The corolla shows folds (= plicae) between the lobes. The ovary is mostly sessile and has nectary glands.
Gentians are fully hardy and like full sun or partial shade, and neutral to acid soil that is rich in humus and well drained. They are popular in rock gardens. A rock garden, also known as a rockery or an alpine garden, is a type of Garden that features extensive use of rocks or stones along
According to Pliny the Elder, Gentian is an eponym of Gentius (180-168 BC), the King of Illyria, said to have discovered its healing properties. Gaius or Caius Plinius Secundus, ( AD 23 – August 25, AD 79 better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient Author Gentius (ruled 180–168 BC was the last king of Illyria. He was the son of the Illyrian king Pleuratus II, of the tribe of the Labeates. Illyria ( Albanian Iliria ( Ancient Greek; Latin Illyria; see also Illyricum) was in Classical antiquity a region in the Some species are of medicinal use and their roots were harvested for the manufacture of tonic liquor, for instance in France "Suze" or similar liquors. Gentian is also used as a flavouring, for example in bitters, and the soft drink "Moxie" which contains "Gentian Root Extractives". A bitters is an alcoholic beverage prepared with Herbs and Citrus dissolved in Alcohol or Glycerine and having a bitter Soft drink is a beverage that does not contain Alcohol. Carbonated soft drinks are commonly known as soda soda pop pop, or Moxie is a carbonated Beverage which was among the first mass produced Soft drinks in the United States, and is regionally popular to this day
Species
|
|
Autumn Gentian ( Gentiana amarella )
Closed Bottle Gentian (Gentiana andrewsii)
Rainier Pleated Gentian (Gentiana calycosa)
Great Yellow Gentian (Gentiana lutea)
Marsh Gentian (Gentiana pneumonanthe)
|
Willow Gentian (Gentiana asclepiadea)
Bottle Gentian (Gentiana clausa)
Rainier Pleated Gentian (Gentiana calycosa)
Parry's Gentian (Gentiana parryi)
Crested Gentian (Gentiana septemfida)
Spring Gentian (Gentiana verna)
|
References
- Lena Struwe (Editor), Victor A. Gentiana acaulis ( Stemless gentian) is a small Gentian native to central and southern Europe from Spain east to the Balkans Gentiana alba ( Pale gentian or White gentian or Cream gentian) is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the Gentian family Gentianaceae Gentiana amarella ( the Autumn Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana andrewsii ( Bottle gentian or Closed gentian) is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the Gentian family Gentianaceae. Gentiana asclepiadea ( the Willow Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana is a genus of Flowering plants belonging to the Gentian family ( Gentianaceae) tribe Gentianeae and monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae The herbaceous perennial plant Gentiana calycosa is a species of Gentian known by the common name Rainier pleated gentian. Gentiana catesbaei, commonly called Elliot's Gentian, American Gentian, or Bottle Gentian is a wildflower native the eastern North America Gentiana clausa ( Bottle Gentian) is a plant in the Gentianaceae family. Gentiana clusii (sometimes called "Clusius' gentian" is a large-flowered short-stemmed Gentian, which is very similar to G Gentiana crinita (sometimes called "Fringed Gentian" is a biennial herbaceous species Gentiana frigida is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana lutea ( Great Yellow Gentian) is a species of Gentian native to the Mountains of central and southern Europe. Gentiana macrophylla, Large leaf Gentian, is called Qin Jiao in Chinese. Gentiana newberryi is a species of Gentian known by the common names alpine gentian and Newberry's gentian. Gentiana nivalis ( Snow Gentian or Alpine Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana prostrata is a rare species of Gentian known by the common name pygmy gentian. Gentiana parryi ( Parry's Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana is a genus of Flowering plants belonging to the Gentian family ( Gentianaceae) tribe Gentianeae and monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae Gentiana plurisetosa is a rare species of Gentian known by the common names Klamath gentian and bristly gentian. Gentiana pneumonanthe (the Marsh Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana prostrata is a rare species of Gentian known by the common name pygmy gentian. Gentiana purpurea ('Purple Gentian' is a plant of genus Gentiana Gentiana scabra (or Japanese gentian) is a species of flowering plant in the Gentian family ( Gentianaceae) found in much of the United states and Gentiana sceptrum is a species of Gentian known by the common name king's scepter gentian. Gentiana septemfida (the Crested Gentian) is a species of the genus Gentiana. Gentiana setigera is a species of Gentian known by the common name Mendocino gentian. Gentiana triflora is a species of plants in the genus Gentiana. The Spring Gentian ( Gentiana verna) is a species of the genus Gentiana and one of its smallest members normally only growing to a height of a few Albert (Editor), Gentianaceae , Cambridge University Press, 2002; ISBN 0521809991
- Gentian Research Network
- Medical Benefits of Gentian
Gentian in Culture
- Gentian roots from the Auvergne region of France are the basis for Gentiane, an apéritif (liquer). Auvergne ( Occitan: Auvèrnhe/Auvèrnha) was the name of an historically independent county in the center of France, as well as later a Province of This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Varieties include Suze, created since 1795, at the distillerie Rousseau, Laurens et Moureaux à Maisons-Alfort; Ambroise Labounoux's La Salers, made since 1885 at the Distillerie de la Salers; and L´Avèze, created in 1929 in Auvergne. Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Picon, made of equal parts gentian root and Cinchona root with sugar syrup and caramel was created by Gaétan Picon, in 1837, when he was stationed in Algeria with the French army. Cinchona is a Genus of about 25 Species in the family Rubiaceae, native to tropical South America. Sugar is a class of edible Crystalline substances mainly Sucrose, Lactose, and Fructose. Caramel (pronounced /ˈkærəmɛl/ or /ˈkɑrməl/ refers to a range of confections that are Beige to dark brown in Color, derived from the Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's The Army of Africa (Armée d’Afrique was an unofficial but commonly used term for those portions of the French Army recruited from or normally stationed in French North Africa He returned to France in 1871 bringing with him the "first African apéritif. Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common "
- Gentian is mentioned in the ninth of Rainer Maria Rilke's Duino Elegies. Rainer Maria Rilke (also Rainer Maria von Rilke (4 December 1875 &ndash 29 December 1926 is considered one of the German language 's greatest 20th century Poets The Duino Elegies ( German Duineser Elegien) are a set of ten elegies written in German by the Poet Rainer Maria Rilke from
- "Gentian" is the title of a short story by Mary E. Wilkins Freeman. Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman ( October 31, 1852 – March 13, 1930) was a prominent 19th century American Author.
- "Bavarian Gentians" is the name of a poem by D. H. Lawrence. David Herbert Richards Lawrence (11 September 1885 – 2 March 1930 was an English writer of the 20th century whose prolific and diverse output included Novels short
- It is mentioned multiple times in Thomas Pynchon's Gravity's Rainbow. Thomas Ruggles Pynchon Jr (born May 8 1937 is an American writer based in New York City, noted for his dense and complex works of Fiction. Gravity's Rainbow is an epic postmodern novel written by Thomas Pynchon and first published on February 28 1973. Also, a character in the book is named Enzian, which is the German term for Gentian.
- Gentian root is a major flavor component in New England's regionally popular soft drink Moxie. History See also History of New England New England's earliest inhabitants were Algonquian -speaking Native Americans including the Moxie is a carbonated Beverage which was among the first mass produced Soft drinks in the United States, and is regionally popular to this day
- Poet William Cullen Bryant has a poem entitled "To the Fringed Gentian. William Cullen Bryant (November 3 1794 - June 12 1878 was an American romantic poet, journalist and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post. "
- Used in Queen's University Engineering traditions.
- The Gentian is referenced in Emily Dickinson's poem number 442: "God made a little Gentian-// It tried- to be a Rose-"
Dictionary
gentian
-noun
- Any of various herbs of the family Gentianaceae found in temperate and mountainous regions with violet or blue flowers.
- The dried roots and rhizome of a European gentian, Gentiana lutea, used as a tonic.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic