| J79 | |
|---|---|
 J79 on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force |
|
| Type | Turbojet |
| Manufacturer | General Electric Aircraft Engines |
| Designed by | Gerhard Neumann |
| Maiden flight | 20 May 1955 |
| Introduction | 17 February 1956 |
| Number built | >17,000 [1] |
| Unit cost | $624,727 (J79-GE-3, 1960)[2] |
The General Electric J79 is an axial-flow turbojet engine built for use in a variety of fighter and bomber aircraft. The National Museum of the United States Air Force (formerly the United States Air Force Museum) is the official National Museum of the United States Air TurboJET (噴射飛航 is the brand name for the operations of the Hong Kong -based Shun Tak-China Travel Ship Management Limited (信德中旅船務管理有限公司 An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts GE Aviation, a subsidiary of General Electric, is headquartered in Evendale Ohio (a Cincinnati suburb Gerhard Neumann ( October 8, 1917 &ndash November 2, 1997) was a German aviation engineer. The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1955: Events February February 26 - George F Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1956: Events March March 10 - Lt Cdr Peter Twiss sets a new Axial compressors are rotating aerofoil based compressors in which the working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation TurboJET (噴射飛航 is the brand name for the operations of the Hong Kong -based Shun Tak-China Travel Ship Management Limited (信德中旅船務管理有限公司 A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed A bomber is a Military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets primarily by dropping Bombs on them Produced by General Electric Aircraft Engines and under license by other companies worldwide, it was one of the first US-designed engines to outperform designs from the United Kingdom, which had previously led in the jet field. GE Aviation, a subsidiary of General Electric, is headquartered in Evendale Ohio (a Cincinnati suburb The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
Contents |
Development
The J79 was developed in the 1950s as an outgrowth of the General Electric J73 engine program, originally called J73-GE-X24A, intended for reliable Mach 2 performance. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive Mach number (\mathrm{Ma} or M (generally ˈmɑːk sometimes /ˈmɑːx/ or /ˈmæk/ is the speed of an object moving through air or any Fluid
The first flight of the engine was on 20 May 1955 where the engine was placed in the bomb bay of a J47-powered B-45C (48-009). Events 325 - The First Council of Nicaea &ndash the first Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church is held Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The J79 was lowered from the bomb bay and the four J47s were shut down leaving the B-45 flying on the single J79. [3] The first flight after testing was on 17 February 1956, powering the first pre-production Lockheed YF-104A Starfighter. Events 1500 - Battle of Hemmingstedt. 1600 - Philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive at Campo de' Fiori Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Lockheed Corporation (originally Loughead Aircraft Manufacturing Company was an American aerospace company founded in 1912 which merged with Martin Marietta WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [4] While the engine proved highly successful from an operational standpoint, the Vietnam War experience showed the disadvantages of its highly visible, smoky exhaust when used to power military aircraft. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia It enjoyed a production run of more than 30 years. Over 17,000 J79s were built in the United States and under license in Belgium, Canada, Germany, Israel, Italy and Japan. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics.
The second prototype XF4D-1 Skyray was loaned to General Electric in 1956 for further testing of the J79, with this engine fitted the Skyray could exceed Mach 1 in level flight where the standard aircraft remained subsonic. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [5] Grumman's F-11F-1 was also fitted with the engine. The Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, later Grumman Aerospace Corporation, was a leading 20th century U WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The aircraft was designated F-11F-1F Super Tiger, but did not enter production.
The J79 was used on the F-104 Starfighter, B-58 Hustler, F-4 Phantom II, A-5 Vigilante and the IAI Kfir. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A downgraded version of the F-16 with a J79 was proposed as a low-cost fighter for export, but found no customers although a prototype aircraft was flown. A simplified civilian version, designated the CJ-805, powered the Convair 880 and a single Sud Aviation Caravelle intended as a prototype for the US market, while a turbofan derivative, the CJ-805-23, powered the Convair 990 airliners. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout An airliner is a large Fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers
The J79 was replaced by the late 1960s in new fighter designs by afterburning turbofans such as the Pratt & Whitney TF30 used in the F-111 and F-14, and newer generation turbofans with the P&W F100 used in the F-15 Eagle which offer better cruise fuel economy by moving unburned air. The AfterBurner is a lighting solution for the Game Boy Advance system that was created by Triton-Labs WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A turbofan is a type of Jet engine, similar to a Turbojet. It essentially consists of a Ducted fan with a smaller diameter turbojet engine WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Fuel economy in automobiles is the amount of Fuel required to move the Automobile over a given Distance.
For their part in designing the J79 Gerhard Neumann and General Electric Aircraft Engines were jointly awarded the Collier Trophy in 1958, also sharing the honor with Clarence Johnson (Lockheed F-104) and the U. Gerhard Neumann ( October 8, 1917 &ndash November 2, 1997) was a German aviation engineer. GE Aviation, a subsidiary of General Electric, is headquartered in Evendale Ohio (a Cincinnati suburb The Collier Trophy is an annual Aviation award administered by the U S. Air Force (Flight Records). [6]
Design
The J79 is a single-spool turbojet with a 17-stage compressor with a novel arrangement of variable stator blades which allow the engine to develop pressure similar to a twin-spool engine at a much lower weight. Axial compressors are rotating aerofoil based compressors in which the working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation Axial compressors are rotating aerofoil based compressors in which the working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation Each blade is made largely of titanium which was not used for large aircraft structures until the 1960s, and each blade today costs several thousand dollars to replace. Titanium (taɪˈteɪniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ti and Atomic number 22
In the F-104 and the F-4, the J79 makes a unique howling sound at certain throttle settings. The sound is thought to be due to airflow in the exhaust section of the engine being disturbed by the engine bypass flaps. This strange feature led to the NASA operated F-104B Starfighter, N819NA, being named Howling Howland. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program [7]
The turboshaft counterpart to the J79 is the LM1500, used for land and marine applications. A turboshaft engine is a form of Gas turbine which is optimized to produce Shaft power, rather than Jet thrust. Many J79 derived engines have found uses as gas turbine power generators in remote locations, in applications such as the powering of pipelines.
Variants and applications
- XJ79-GE-1
- Prototype. First ground static test run on 8 June 1954 produced 14,350 lbf with afterburner. [8]
- Flight test engines were designated YJ79-GE-1.
- J79-GE-2 and -2A
- Powered the F-4H-1 (F-4A) Phantom, 16,100 lbf (71. 6 kN) of afterburner thrust.
- J79-GE-3
- Used in the YF-104A, F-104A and the F-11F-1F Super Tiger
- J79-GE3A
- YF-104A, F-104A and F-104B. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
- J79-GE-3B
- F-104A and F-104B.
- J79-GE-5A
- B-58 Hustler 15,600 lbf (69. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout 3 kN) with afterburner.
- J79-GE-7A
- F-104C, F-104D and F-104F.
- J79-OEL-7
- Licensed production GE-7 manufactured by Orenda Engines to power the Canadair CF-104. Orenda Aerospace is a Canadian Aircraft engine manufacturer and parts supplier and part of the Magellan Aerospace Corporation WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
- J79-GE-8, -8A and -8B
- A-5 Vigilante and F4H-1 (F-4B) with 16,950 lbf (75. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout 4 kN) of afterburner thrust
- J79-GE-10
- F-4J, 17,900 lbf (79. 379 kN) of afterburner thrust.
- J79-GE-11A
- F-104G and TF-104G. 15,600 lbf (69 kN) with afterburner. Many -11 engines were licensed manufactured in Europe as part of the large F-104 consortium production programme, Alfa Romeo, Fiat and Fabrique Nationale being the main suppliers for the project. A consortium is an association of two or more individuals companies organizations or governments (or any combination of these entities with the objective of participating Alfa Romeo Automobiles SpA is an Italian Automaker founded in 1910 Fiat Aviazione was an Italian Aircraft manufacturer at one time part of the Fiat group focused mainly on military aviation Fabrique Nationale de Herstal, more often abbreviated as Fabrique Nationale or simply FN, is a Belgian manufacturer of Firearms The official
- J79-IHI-11A
- Licensed production GE-11A, built in Japan by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd to power their similarly licensed built F-104J and F-104DJ Starfighters. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. formerly known as, is a Japanese company which produces Ships, aero- Engines Turbochargers for automobiles industrial machines Power station
- J79-MTU-J1K
- Licensed built and improved version of the GE-11A manufactured by MTU Aero Engines in Germany. MTU Aero Engines is Germany 's leading Aircraft engine manufacturer Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
- J79-GE-15
- F-4C, RF-4C, F-4D.
- J79-GE-17
- F-4E, 17,900 lbf (79. 379 kN) of afterburner thrust.
- J79-GE-19
- J79-GE-J1E
- A licensed built J79 with 18,750 lbf (83. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout 4 kN) afterburning thrust for the IAI Kfir. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
- CJ-805-3
- Civil variant used on the Convair 880 series of airliners. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
- CJ-805-23
- Civil turbofan variant for the Convair 990. A turbofan is a type of Jet engine, similar to a Turbojet. It essentially consists of a Ducted fan with a smaller diameter turbojet engine WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout
Specifications (J79-GE-17)
General characteristics
- Type: Afterburning turbojet engine
- Length: 17. TurboJET (噴射飛航 is the brand name for the operations of the Hong Kong -based Shun Tak-China Travel Ship Management Limited (信德中旅船務管理有限公司 4 ft (5. 3 m)
- Diameter: 3. 2 ft (1. 0 m)
- Dry weight: 3,850 lb (1,750 kg)
Components
- Compressor: 17-stage axial compressor with variable stator vanes
Performance
- Thrust: 11,905 lbf (52. Axial compressors are rotating aerofoil based compressors in which the working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton 's Second and Third Laws. 9 kN) dry; 17,835 lbf (79. 3 kN) with afterburner
- Overall pressure ratio: 13. In Aeronautical engineering, the term overall pressure ratio is defined as the ratio of the Stagnation pressure as measured at the front and rear of the compressor 5:1
- Turbine inlet temperature: 1,210 °F (655 °C)
- Specific fuel consumption: 1. Specific fuel consumption, often shortened to SFC, or TSFC is an Engineering term that is used to describe the Fuel efficiency of an Engine 965 lb/(h·lbf) (200 kg/(h·kN)) with afterburner, 0. 85 lb/(h·lbf) (87 kg/(h·kN)) at military thrust
- Thrust-to-weight ratio: 4. Thrust-to-weight ratio is as its name suggests the ratio of instantaneous Thrust to Weight (where weight means weight at the Earth ’s surface 6:1 (45. 4 N/kg)
Gallery
 Perhaps the most famous aircraft to use the J79 was the F-4 Phantom II. |
 A simplified civilian version of the J79, the turbofan derivative CJ-805-23, powered the Convair 990 airliners. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout |
 North American Eagle supersonic car display engine shows compressor blades smaller at each stage. A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the Pressure of a Gas by reducing its Volume. |
 Sectioned compressor stage of a J79. |
 Turbine stage of a J79. |
See also
References
Notes
- ^ General Electric - Aviation History Retrieved: 7 April 2008
- ^ Pace 1992, p. List of Aircraft engines: Piston engines Two- and four-stroke rotary, radial, inline United States military aero engine designations was introduced in 1926 originally for piston engines it was expanded in the 1947 to include a separate system for turbine and rocket engines 33.
- ^ Pace 1992 p. 67.
- ^ Pace 1992, p. 23.
- ^ Gunston 1981, p. 71.
- ^ Collier Trophy winners, 1950-1959, National Aeronautic Association. Retrieved: 7 April 2008
- ^ Bashow 1986, p. 16.
- ^ Pace 1992, p. 69.
Bibliography
- Neumann, Gerhard (June 1984). Gerhard Neumann ( October 8, 1917 &ndash November 2, 1997) was a German aviation engineer. Herman the German (in English). William Morrow & Co, 269. William Morrow and Company is an American Publishing company founded by William Morrow in 1926 ISBN 0-688-01682-0. “The former enemy alien and Air Corps G. I. whose inventive skills and maverick management techniques made jet engine history”
- Pace, Steve. Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. Oscela, Wisconsin: Motorbooks International, 1992. ISBN 0-87938-608-8.
- Bashow, David L. Starfighter: A Loving Retrospective of the CF-104 Era in Canadian Fighter Aviation, 1961-1986. Stoney Creek, Ontario: Fortress Publications Inc. , 1990. ISBN 0-91919-512-1.
- Gunston, Bill. Fighters of the Fifties. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1981. ISBN 0-85059-463-4.
External links
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