| Gelsenkirchen | |
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| Coat of arms | Location |
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| Administration | |
| Country |  Germany |
|---|---|
| State | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Admin. region | Münster |
| District | Urban district |
| Lord Mayor | Frank Baranowski (SPD) |
| Basic statistics | |
| Area | 104. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Münster ( is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 84 km² (40. 5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 60 m (197 ft) |
| Population | 267,362 (30/06/2006)[1] |
| - Density | 2,550 /km² (6,605 /sq mi) |
| Other information | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) |
| Licence plate | GE |
| Postal codes | 45801-45899 |
| Area code | 0209 |
| Website | www.gelsenkirchen.de |
Gelsenkirchen (IPA: [ˌgɛlzənˈkɪʁçən]) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. It is located in the northern part of the Ruhr area. The Ruhr Area, ( German Ruhrgebiet, colloquial Ruhrpott, Kohlenpott or Revier) is an Urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia Its population in 2006 was c. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 267,000.
Gelsenkirchen was first documented in 1150, but it remained a tiny village until the 19th century, when the Industrial Revolution led to the growth of the entire area. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the In 1840, when the mining of coal began, 6000 inhabitants lived in Gelsenkirchen; in 1900 the population had increased to 138,000.
In the early 20th century Gelsenkirchen was the most important coal mining town in Europe. It was called the "city of a thousand fires", for the flames of mine gasses being flared during the nights. In 1928 Gelsenkirchen was merged with the adjoining cities of Buer and Horst. Buer is the biggest suburb of Gelsenkirchen, Germany Most of the schools and churches in Buer are located here The city bore the name Gelsenkirchen-Buer, until it was renamed Gelsenkirchen in 1930. During the Nazi era Gelsenkirchen remained a centre of coal production and oil refining, and for this reason it was bombed by Allied air raids in World War II. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers An oil refinery is an industrial Process plant where Crude oil is processed and refined into more useful Petroleum products, such as Gasoline World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including During the war, it was the site of a women's subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp. Buchenwald concentration camp (German Konzentrationslager or 'KZ' Buchenwald) was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain near [2] Today in Gelsenkirchen there are no collieries any more and Gelsenkirchen is searching for a new image, having been hit for decades with one of the highest unemployment rates of Germany. Today Germany's largest solar power plant is located in the city. Solar energy is the Light and radiant heat from the Sun that powers Earth 's Climate and Weather and sustains Life In Gelsenkirchen-Scholven there is a coal fired power station with the tallest chimneys in Germany (302 metres). Gelsenkirchen is home of the famous football club Schalke 04, which is named after the borough Schalke, while the club's famous arena - the Veltins Arena - is located in the borough Erle. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04, commonly FC Schalke 04, is a German football club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04, commonly FC Schalke 04, is a German football club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen The Veltins Arena is a football Stadium in the German city of Gelsenkirchen that is considered one of the most modern stadiums in the
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History
Ancient and Medieval times
Although the part of town now called Buer was first mentioned by Heribert I in a document as Puira in 1003, there were hunting people on a hill north of the Emscher as early as the Bronze Age — and therefore earlier than 1000 BC. The Emscher is a relatively small River and tributary of the Rhine, flowing through the Ruhr area in North Rhine-Westphalia in western Germany The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for They did not live in houses as such, but in small yards gathered together near each other. Later, the Romans pushed into the area. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC In about 700, the region was settled by the Saxons. The Saxons or Saxon people were a Confederation of Old Germanic tribes. A few other parts of town which today lie in Gelsenkirchen's north end were mentioned in documents from the early Middle Ages, some examples being: Raedese (nowadays Resse), Middelvic (Middelich, today part of Resse), Sutheim (Sutum; today part of Beckhausen) and Sculven (nowadays Scholven). Many nearby farming communities were later identified as iuxta Bure ("near Buer"). Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture
It was about 1150 when the name Gelstenkerken or Geilistirinkirkin cropped up for the first time. At about the same time, the first church in town was built in what is now Buer. This ecclesia Buron ("church at Buer") was listed in a directory of parish churches by the sexton from Deutz, Theodericus. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches This settlement belonged to the Mark. The County of Mark (Grafschaft Mark colloquially known as Die Mark) was a County of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle However, in ancient times and even in the Middle Ages, only a few dozen people actually lived in the settlements around the Emscher basin. "Ancient" redirects here For other uses see Ancient_(disambiguation.
Industrialisation
Up until the middle of the 19th century, the area in and around Gelsenkirchen was only thinly settled and almost exclusively agrarian. In 1815, after temporarily belonging to the Grand Duchy of Berg, the land now comprising the city of Gelsenkirchen passed to the Kingdom of Prussia, which assigned it to the province of Westphalia. A grand duchy is a territory whose Head of state is a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess. Berg was a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The Province of Westphalia (Provinz Westfalen was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815-1946 Whereas the Gelsenkirchen of that time — not including today's north-end communities, such as Buer — was put in the Amt of Wattenscheid in the Bochum district, in the governmental region of Arnsberg, Buer, which was an Amt in its own right, was along with nearby Horst joined to Recklinghausen district in the governmental region of Münster. " Amt " is a type of Administrative division of some Northern European countries Wattenscheid was once a separate town in the North Rhine-Westphalia region of Germany. Arnsberg is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the south-east of the country Recklinghausen (ʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzən is a Kreis ( District) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Münster is one of the five Regierungsbezirke ' of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north of the state and named after the city of This arrangement came to an end only in 1928.
After the discovery of coal — lovingly known as "Black Gold" — in the Ruhr area in 1840, and the subsequent industrialization, the Cologne-Minden Railway and the Gelsenkirchen Main Railway Station were opened. The Ruhr Area, ( German Ruhrgebiet, colloquial Ruhrpott, Kohlenpott or Revier) is an Urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a Pre-industrial society into an industrial one Minden is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Minden-Lübbecke. "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation. In 1868, Gelsenkirchen became the seat of an Amt within the Bochum district which encompassed the communities of Gelsenkirchen, Braubauerschaft (as of 1900, Bismarck), Schalke, Heßler, Bulmke and Hüllen.
Friedrich Grillo founded the Corporation for Chemical Industry (Aktiengesellschaft für Chemische Industrie) in Schalke in 1872, and also the Schalke Mining and Ironworks Association (Schalker Gruben- und Hüttenverein). A year later, and once again in Schalke, he founded the Glass and Mirror Factory Incorporated (Glas- und Spiegel-Manufaktur AG).
After Gelsenkirchen had become an important heavy-industry hub, it was raised to city in 1875.
Gelsenkirchen becomes a city
In 1885, after Bochum district was split up, Gelsenkirchen became the seat of its own district (Kreis), which would last until 1926. The cities of Gelsenkirchen and Wattenscheid, as well as the Ämter of Braubauerschaft (as of 1900, Bismarck), Schalke, Ückendorf, Wanne and Wattenscheid all belonged to the Gelsenkirchen district. A few years later, in 1896, Gelsenkirchen was split away from Gelsenkirchen district to become an "independent city" (kreisfreie Stadt). An independent city is a City that does not form part of another general-purpose Local government entity In 1891, Horst was split away from the Amt of Buer, which itself was raised to city in 1911, and to kreisfreie Stadt the next year. Meanwhile, Horst became the seat of its own Amt. In 1924, the rural community of Rotthausen, which until then had belonged to the Essen district, was made part of the Gelsenkirchen district.
In 1928, under the Prussian local government reforms, the cities of Gelsenkirchen and Buer along with the Amt of Horst together became a new kreisfreie Stadt called Gelsenkirchen-Buer, effective as of 1 April that year. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne From that time, the whole city area belonged to the governmental district of Münster. In 1930, on the city's advice, the city's name was changed to Gelsenkirchen, effective 21 May. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. By this time, the city was home to about 340,000 people.
In 1931, the Gelsenkirchen Mining Corporation (Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks-Aktien-Gesellschaft) founded the "Gelsenberg" Petrol Corporation (Gelsenberg-Benzin-AG). The Hibernia Mining Company founded the Hydrierwerk Scholven AG GE-Buer, a hydrogenation plant, in 1935. Hydrogenation is the Chemical reaction that results in addition of Hydrogen (H2
The Third Reich
During the time of Nazi Germany, Gelsenkirchen, owing to its location in the heart of the Ruhr area, was a centre of wartime industry. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers In no other time has Gelsenkirchen's industry been so highly productive. This brought about, on the one hand, after the massive job cuts in the 1920s, a short-term boost in mining and heavy-industry jobs. On the other hand, the city naturally became the target of many heavy Allied bombing raids during the Second World War, which destroyed three fourths of Gelsenkirchen. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Even today, many old above-ground air-raid shelters can be found in the city, and some of the city's official buildings such as Hans-Sachs-Haus downtown and the town hall in Buer have air-raid shelters still kept more or less in their original form. For the general article about fortified structures see Bunker.
Two synagogues in Gelsenkirchen were destroyed in the anti-Jewish riots of Kristallnacht on November 9, 1938. A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of Kristallnacht ( literally "Crystal night" or the Night of Broken Glass was a Pogrom in Nazi Germany on November 9–10 1938 Schicksalstag (literally day of fate) is a label often used for 9 November due to the special importance of this day in German history. The one in Buer was burnt down. The one in downtown Gelsenkirchen was likewise destroyed. In the Kristallnacht Nazis in the German Reich destroyed Jewish business, dwellings and cemeteries, set synagogs on fire. Kristallnacht ( literally "Crystal night" or the Night of Broken Glass was a Pogrom in Nazi Germany on November 9–10 1938 Deutsches Reich was the name for Germany from 1871 to 1945 in the German language. Also the synagog in Gelsenkirchen, which had been inaugurated in 1885, was burned down to the foundation walls. A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of Since 1963 a board reminded passers of the destruction of the old synagogue. Finally, in 1993 the area was renamed to the "place of the old synagogue" and 66 years later, on 9. November 2004, Paul Spiegel put the foundation-stone for the new synagog. Paul Spiegel ( December 31, 1937 in Warendorf, Germany - April 30, 2006 in Düsseldorf, Germany) was On 1. February the place of worship was solemnly opened. After an approximate one year construction period is the new synagog in Gelsenkichen now that new center of the Jewish municipality in the place developed, in which also the 1938 destroyed old synagog were. Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The praying area offers place for altogether 400 people, additionally is attached a community center with meeting area. Today the Jewish municipality Gelsenkirchen counts about 430 members. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ In Gelsenkirchen there was an external camp of the KZ Buchenwald in the year 1944. Buchenwald concentration camp (German Konzentrationslager or 'KZ' Buchenwald) was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain near Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the Gelsenberg Lager on the working area of the Gelsenberg Benzin AG about 2000 Hungarian women and girls were accommodated, who were assigned to the hard labour on the hydrogenation work. The Gelsenberg Lager was a subcamp of the concentration camp Buchenwald in Gelsenkirchen-Horst About 150 of these Hungarian Jewesses died with heavy bomb attacks in September 1944 on the work. The admission to shelters and protection ditches was forbidden to them. List of victims is accessible on the page of GELSENZENTRUM Documentationcenter for urban and contemperary history
Throughout the time when Hitler was in power, from 1933 to 1945, the city's mayor was Carl Engelbert Böhmer, an NSDAP member appointed by the régime. The Institute for City History set up a documentation site: "Gelsenkirchen in National Socialist times".
After the war
On 17 December 1953, the Kokerei Hassel went into operation, billed as Germany's "first new coking plant" since the war. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. When postal codes (Postleitzahlen) were introduced in 1961, Gelsenkirchen was one of the few cities in West Germany to be given two codes: Buer was given 466, while Gelsenkirchen got 465. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany ( These were in use until 1 July 1993. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) The "first comprehensive school in North Rhine-Westphalia" was opened in 1969. A comprehensive school is a Secondary school and State school for children from the age of 11 to at least 16 that does not select children on the basis of academic North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Scholven-Chemie AG (the old hydrogenation plant) merged with Gelsenberg-Benzin-AG to form the new corporation VEBA-Oel AG. In 1987, Pope John Paul II celebrated Mass before 85,000 people at Gelsenkirchen's Parkstadion. Pope The Mass is the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church. The Pope also became an honorary member of FC Schalke 04. FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04, commonly FC Schalke 04, is a German football club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen
In 1997, the Federal Garden Show (Bundesgartenschau or BUGA) was held on the grounds of the disused Nordstern coalmine in Horst. Coal mining is the extraction or removal of Coal from the Earth by Mining. In 1999, the last phase of the Emscher Park International Building Exhibition, an undertaking that brought together many cities in North Rhine-Westphalia, was held. Coke was produced at the old Hassel coking works for the last time on 29 September 1999. Coke is a solid Carbonaceous material derived from Destructive distillation of low-ash low-sulfur Bituminous coal. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) This marked the shutdown of the last coking plant in Gelsenkirchen, after being a coking town for more than 117 years. In the same year, Shell Solar Deutschland AG took over production of photovoltaic equipment. Photovoltaics ( PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of Solar cells for Energy by converting Sunlight directly On 28 April 2000, the Ewald-Hugo colliery closed — Gelsenkirchen's last colliery. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Three thousand coalminers lost their jobs. In 2003, Buer celebrated its thousandth anniversary of first documentary mention, and FC Schalke 04 celebrated on 4 May 2004 its hundredth anniversary. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
Today, Gelsenkirchen is a centre for sciences, services, and production, with good infrastructure.
Population development
The following figures are estimates, census data, or official extrapolations of Gelsenkirchen's population at various times.
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¹ Census figures
Economy and infrastructure
Headquarters of the Gelsenwasser AG
Highways and main roads in Gelsenkirchen
Two vintage trams on hand for the reopening of the Essenerstraße stop in Horst
Stadtbahn at main railway station
The VELTINS Arena AufSchalke
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Gelsenkirchen presents itself above all as a centre of solar technology. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Shell Solar Deutschland GmbH produces solar cells in Rotthausen. Scheuten Solar Technology has taken over its solar panel production. There are other large businesses in town: THS GmbH, Gelsenwasser, e.on, BP Gelsenkirchen GmbH, Shell Solar Deutschland GmbH and Pilkington. EON AG ( an energy corporation based in Düsseldorf, Germany, is the largest of the 30 members of the DAX Stock index of major Pilkington plc is the largest Glass manufacturer in the United Kingdom. According to a study by the Bertelsmann Foundation, Gelsenkirchen is, after Leipzig, Karlsruhe and Bremen, Germany's fourth business-friendliest city. This sort of fix restores section edit linkpoints to where they belong Karlsruhe (ˈkaɐ̯lsʁuːə population 285812 in 2006 is a city in the south west of Germany, in the Bundesland Baden-Württemberg, located near Bremen (ˈbʁeːmən is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany (official name Stadtgemeinde Bremen / City Municipality of Bremen
Transport
Gelsenkirchen lies on Bundesautobahnen A 2, A 40, A 42 and A 52, as well as on Bundesstraßen (Federal Highways) B 224, B 226 and B 227. (German ˈaʊtoːbaːn plural Autobahnen; English /ˈɔːtəʊbɑːn/ is the German word for a major high- Speed Road restricted to motor is an Autobahn in Germany that connects the Ruhr area in the west to Berlin in the east Exit list | Netherlands |-|colspan="3"|---- |} Exit list |} Exit list |-|colspan="3"|----| permanently interrupted |-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="3"|---- | interrupted (extension planned Gelsenkirchen's main railway station lies at the junction of the Oberhausen-Gelsenkirchen-Herne-Dortmund and Essen-Gelsenkirchen-Recklinghausen-Münster lines. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains A junction, in the context of Rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge Oberhausen (ˈoːbɐhaʊzən is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Herne (ˈhɛʁnə is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Dortmund (ˈdɔʁtmʊnt is a City in Germany, located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. Essen (ˈɛsən is a City in the center of the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Recklinghausen (ʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzən is a City in the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Münster ( is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the
As for waterways, Gelsenkirchen can be reached along the Rhine-Herne Canal, where a commercial-industrial harbour is to be found. A waterway is any navigable Body of water. These include Rivers Lakes Seas Oceans and Canals In order for a waterway A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored The harbour has a yearly turnover of 2 000 000 t and a water surface area of about 1. This article is about the tonne or metric ton For other tons see Ton. 2 km², one of Germany's biggest and most important canal harbours, and is furthermore connected to Deutsche Bahn's railway network. Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company "Railroad" and "Railway" both redirect here For other uses see Railroad (disambiguation.
Local transport in Gelsenkirchen is afforded by trams and buses run by the Bochum-Gelsenkirchener Straßenbahn AG (BOGESTRA), as well as by Vestische Straßenbahnen GmbH in the city's north end (despite its name, it nowadays runs only buses). A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train See also List of rapid transit systems The Stadtbahn train U17, which connects Horst to Essen, as well as tram line 107, which connects Gelsenkirchen Central Station to Essen, are operated by EVAG. See also Light rail Stadtbahn (literally in German: city railway) or Premetro, is a Tramway or Light railway which Essen (ˈɛsən is a City in the center of the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Tram line 302 connects the city to Bochum. Bochum (ˈboːχʊm is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. All these services have an integrated fare structure within the VRR. The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (abbreviated VRR) is the public transport association covering the area of the Rhine-Ruhr Megalopolis in Germany There are three tram lines, one light rail line, and about 50 bus routes in Gelsenkirchen.
Media
Gelsenkirchen is the headquarters of the Verband Lokaler Rundfunk in Nordrhein-Westfalen e. V. (VLR) (Network of Local Radio in North Rhine-Westphalia Registered Association (VLR). Visitor Location Register (VLR is a database - part of the GSM Mobile phone system - which stores information about all the mobiles that are currently under REL (Radio Emscher-Lippe) is also headquartered in Gelsenkirchen.
Among newspapers, the Buersche Zeitung was a daily till 2006. Then the paper was closed down, though economically there was no reason for it. The Dortmund paper Ruhr-Nachrichten did the local news section. Dortmund (ˈdɔʁtmʊnt is a City in Germany, located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. Now, the Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung is the only local newspaper in Gelsenkirchen and has so to say a monopoly. The local radio station REL also reports the local news.
There is also a free weekly newspaper, the Stadtspiegel Gelsenkirchen, along with monthly, or irregular, local publications called the Familienpost and the Beckhausener Kurier.
Miscellaneous
On the occasion of the 2006 FIFA world football championship, the transport infrastructure in Gelsenkirchen leading to the Veltins-Arena underwent modifications. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (French for International Federation of Association Football) The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th instance of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament The Veltins Arena is a football Stadium in the German city of Gelsenkirchen that is considered one of the most modern stadiums in the Likewise, the main railway station is undergoing extensive reconstruction, with completion planned in time for the championship.
The Power Station Westerholt has the tallest chimney in Germany (337 metres tall)
Education
Gelsenkirchen has 51 elementary schools (36 "community" schools, 12 Catholic schools, 3 Evangelical schools), 8 Hauptschulen, 6 Realschulen, 7 Gymnasien, and 4 Gesamtschulen, among which the Gesamtschule Bismarck, as the only comprehensive school run by the Westphalian branch of the Evangelical (Lutheran) Church, warrants special mention. Westerholt Power Station was a Coal fired power station in Gelsenkirchen - Westerholt, Germany. See also Primary education An elementary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of Compulsory education known as elementary A "Hauptschule" (general school is a Secondary school in Germany and Austria, starting after 4 years of Elementary schooling Any student The Realschule is a type of Secondary school in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. A gymnasium (pronounced with ɡ- in several languages is a type of school providing Secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar Responsibility for German education system lies primarily with the states while the federal government only has a minor role Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther
The Fachhochschule Gelsenkirchen, founded in 1992, has campuses in Bocholt and Recklinghausen with the following course offerings: Economics, Computer Science, Physical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Supply and Disposal Engineering. A Fachhochschule (plural Fachhochschulen) or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of University, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas There are two towns called Bocholt: Bocholt Germany Bocholt Belgium Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Computer science (or computing science) is the study and the Science of the theoretical foundations of Information and Computation and their Electrical engineering, sometimes referred to as electrical and electronic engineering, is a field of Engineering that deals with the study and application of Mechanical Engineering is an Engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for analysis Design, Manufacturing
Also found in Gelsenkirchen is one of the seven locations of the Fachhochschule für öffentliche Verwaltung NRW (Fachhochschule for public administration North Rhine-Westphalia) offering as fields of study Municipal Administrative Service, Police Training, and Administrative Economics. A Fachhochschule (plural Fachhochschulen) or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of University, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas There is also a folk high school as well as a city library with three branches in Horst, Buer and Erle with more than 700,000 books, films, and CDs. Folk High Schools Folk high schools ( Danish: Folkehøjskole Finnish: kansanopisto and työväenopisto or kansalaisopisto A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution
Sports
Gelsenkirchen is home of the football club FC Schalke 04. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered The Bundesliga is the highest level of Germany 's football league system. FC Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04, commonly FC Schalke 04, is a German football club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen Schalke's home ground, Veltins-Arena, is generally regarded as one of the most innovative stadiums built in recent years. The Veltins Arena is a football Stadium in the German city of Gelsenkirchen that is considered one of the most modern stadiums in the It is one of 12 German cities to host games during the 2006 FIFA World Cup, and has already hosted the matches between Poland and Ecuador, Argentina and Serbia and Montenegro, Portugal and Mexico and USA and Czech Republic. The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th instance of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament
Gelsenkirchen has also hosted two important Yugoslav games. The Yugoslavia national football team refers to the national football team that represented the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1920-1941 and the Socialist Federal Republic These games were Serbia's two largest FIFA world cup defeats. The FIFA World Cup, occasionally called the Football World Cup, but usually referred to simply as the World Cup, is an international Association football They were a 6-0 loss to Argentina and a 9-0 win over Zaire. The Argentina national football team is the national football team of Argentina and is controlled by the Asociación del Fútbol Argentino (AFA The Congo DR national football team, nicknamed The Leopards, is the national team of the Democratic Republic of Congo and is controlled by the Fédération Congolaise
Points of interest
- de:Schloss Berge
Twinned towns
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom (since 1948)
Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina (since 1969)
Shakhty, Russia (since 1989)
Olsztyn, Poland (since 1992)- Cottbus, Germany (since 1995)
Büyükçekmece, Turkey (since 2004)
Kutaisi, Georgia
See also
- Gelsenkirchen University of Applied Sciences
References
- ^ [1]
- ^ Edward Victor. Newcastle upon Tyne ( (often shortened to Newcastle) is a city and Metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, England The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Zenica ( Cyrillic: Зеница is an industrial city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan Shakhty (Ша́хты is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located on the southeastern spur of Donetsk mountain ridge 75 km northeast Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Olsztyn (Allenstein Olštynas Old Prussian: Alnāsteini) is a City in northeastern Poland, on the River Łyna. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Cottbus ( Lower Sorbian: Chóśebuz) is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, situated around 125 km southeast of Berlin on the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Büyükçekmece is a district in the Suburbs of İstanbul, Turkey on the Marmara coast of the European side west of the city Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Kutaisi (ქუთაისი ancient names Aea / Aia, Kutatisi, Kutaïssi) is Georgia 's second largest city and the capital of the Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between Alphabetical List of Camps, Subcamps and Other Camps. www. edwardvictor. com/Holocaust/List %20 of %20 camps. htm.
External links
- Official city website, with information in English including British/Irish influence during the 19th century
- GELSENZENTRUM Documetation center of urban and contemporary history Gelsenkirchen
- [2]
- Gelsenkirchen at MapQuest (interactive)
- about the football World Cup 2006 in Gelsenkirchen
- Lots of photos on neubaustrecke.de
- Website of partnership Gelsenkirchen - Schachty(German)(Russian)
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