| Geant4 | |
|---|---|
| Developed by | Geant4 Collaboration |
| Latest release | 9. A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process wider than design and coding a somewhat broader scope of A software release is the distribution whether public or private of an initial or new and upgraded version of a Computer software product 1 p02 / May 9, 2008 |
| OS | Cross-platform |
| Genre | Computational physics |
| License | Geant4 Software License |
| Website | [1] |
Geant4 (for GEometry ANd Tracking) is a platform for "the simulation of the passage of particles through matter," using Monte Carlo methods. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination In computing cross-platform (also known as multi-platform) is a term used to refer to Computer software or computing methods and concepts that are implemented Computer software can be organized into categories based on common function type or field of use Computational physics is the study and implementation of numerical Algorithms in order to solve problems in Physics for which a quantitative theory already exists A software license (or software licence in commonwealth usage is a Legal instrument governing the usage or redistribution of copyright protected software A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages In Computing, a platform describes some sort of Hardware architecture or Software framework (including Application frameworks, that allows Simulation is the imitation of some real thing state of affairs or process In Particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure that is it is not known to be made Matter is commonly defined as being anything that has mass and that takes up space. Monte Carlo methods are a class of Computational Algorithms that rely on repeated Random sampling to compute their results It is the successor of the GEANT series of software toolkits developed by CERN, and the first to use Object oriented programming (in C++). GEANT is the name of a series of simulation software designed to describe the passage of Elementary particles through matter using Monte Carlo methods The name The European Organization for Nuclear Research (Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire known as CERN Object-oriented programming (OOP is a Programming paradigm that uses " objects " and their interactions to design applications and computer programs C++ (" C Plus Plus " ˌsiːˌplʌsˈplʌs is a general-purpose Programming language. Its development, maintenance and user support are taken care by the international Geant4 Collaboration. According to its website, "application areas include high energy physics and nuclear experiments, medical, accelerator and space physics studies. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them In Nuclear physics, a nuclear reaction is the process in which two nuclei or nuclear particles collide to produce products different from the initial particles In scientific inquiry an experiment ( Latin: Ex- periri, "to try out" is a method of investigating particular types of research questions or Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Space is the extent within which Matter is physically extended and objects and Events have positions relative to one another Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. " The software is used by a number of research projects around the world.
The Geant4 software and source code have always been freely available from the project web site but, until version 8. 1 (released June 30, 2006), no specific software license for its use existed. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Geant4 is now provided under the Geant4 Software License.
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Geant4 features
Geant4 includes facilities for handling geometry, tracking, detector response, run management, visualization and user interface. Geometry ( Greek γεωμετρία; geo = earth metria = measure is a part of Mathematics concerned with questions of size shape and relative position In experimental and applied Particle physics and Nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to The user interface (or Human Computer Interface) is the aggregate of means by which people&mdash the users '&mdash interact with the System For many physics simulations, this means less time need be spent on the low level details, and researchers can start immediately on the more important aspects of the simulation.
Following is a summary of each of the facilities listed above:
- Geometry is an analysis of the physical layout of the experiment, including detectors, absorbers, etc. In high energy physics experiments an absorber is a block of material used to absorb some of the energy of an incident particle. , and considering how this layout will affect the path of particles in the experiment.
- Tracking is simulating the passage of a particle through matter. This involves considering possible interactions and decay processes. Interaction is a kind of action that occurs as two or more objects have an Effect upon one another Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable Atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles and Radiation.
- Detector response is recording when a particle passes through the volume of a detector, and approximating how a real detector would respond.
- Run management is recording the details of each run (a set of events), as well as setting up the experiment in different configurations between runs.
- Geant4 offers a number of options for visualization, including OpenGL, and a familiar user interface, based on Bash. OpenGL ( Open G raphics L ibrary is a standard specification defining a cross-language Cross-platform API for writing applications that produce Bash is a Free software Unix shell written for the GNU Project.
Geant4 can also optionally perform histogramming, but it requires external software that implements the AIDA framework in order to do so. Abstract Interfaces for Data Analysis ( AIDA) is a set of defined interfaces and formats for representing common data analysis objects
Some high energy physics experiments using Geant4
- BaBar and GLAST at SLAC
- ATLAS and CMS at LHC, CERN
- Borexino [2] at Gran Sasso Laboratory
- MINOS at Fermilab
- EXO
Geant4 applications outside high energy physics
Because of its general purpose nature, Geant4 is well suited for development of computational tools for analysing interactions of particle with matter in many areas. Particle physics is a branch of Physics that studies the elementary constituents of Matter and Radiation, and the interactions between them The BaBar experiment is an international collaboration of more than 550 physicists and engineers studying the subatomic world at energy of approximately ten times the rest mass of a proton The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center ( SLAC) is a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University under ATLAS ( A T oroidal L HC A pparatu' S') is one of the six The Compact Muon Solenoid ( CMS) experiment is one of two large general-purpose Particle physics detectors built on the proton-proton The European Organization for Nuclear Research (Organisation Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire known as CERN The Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso is a Particle physics laboratory of the INFN, situated near the Gran Sasso Mountain in Italy In Greek mythology, Minos ( Ancient Greek:) was a mythical king of Crete son of Zeus and Europa. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory ( Fermilab) located in Batavia near Chicago, Illinois, is a U The Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO is a particle physics experiment searching for double beta decay of Xenon -136 These include:
- Space applications [3] where it is used to study interactions between the natural space radiation environment and space hardware or astronauts;
- Medical applications where interactions of radiations used for treatment are simulated.
- Radiation effects in microelectronics where ionizing effects on semiconductor devices are modeled.
See also
External links
CLHEP (short for A Class Library for High Energy Physics) is a C++ library that provides utility classes for general numerical programming vector FreeHEP is an Open source Java library designed to make programming high energy physics applications easierDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic