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The Gay Games is the world's largest sporting and cultural event organized by LGBT athletes, artists, musicians, and others. LGBT (also GLBT) is an initialism referring collectively to Lesbian, Gay, bisexual, and Transgender / transsexual " Queer studies " is the study of issues relating to Sexual orientation and Gender identity. A lesbian is a Woman who is romantically or sexually attracted only to other women In the English language, gay is an Adjective that in modern usage refers to Homosexuality. Bisexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of both sexes or to a bisexual orientation Transgender (trænzˈdʒɛndɚ from ( Latin) derivatives Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation. LGBT history refers to the History of Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and Transgender peoples and cultures around the world dating back Timeline of Lesbian, Gay, bisexual and Transgender ( LGBT) history Homosexual rights during the 20th century Gay Liberation is the name used to describe the radical Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender movement of the late 1960s and early to mid 1970s Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender social movements share related goals of social acceptance of Homosexuality, Bisexuality and Transgenderism Lesbian This is a Timeline of AIDS, including some discussion of early AIDS cases (especially those before 1980 Poliamory pride in San Francisco 2004jpg|thumb|Representatives of the Polyamory community at a San Francisco parade Gay community or LGBT community is a term used to describe the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender subculture LGBT pride or gay pride refers to a world wide movement and philosophy asserting that LGBT ( Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Closeted Coming out (that is " coming out of the closet " describes the voluntary public announcement of one's Sexual orientation and/or Gender identity A gay village (also known as a gay neighborhood or by the slang gayborhood) is an urban geographic location with generally recognized boundaries Queer theory is a field of Gender Studies that emerged in the early 1990s out of the fields of gay and Lesbian studies and feminist studies the relationship between homosexuality and religion can vary greatly across time and place within and between different Religions and Sects and regarding different Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender ( LGBT) communities have adopted certain Symbols and symbolates for Queer has traditionally meant odd or unusual but is now also used to refer to anyone who is not heteronormative. Questioning is a term that can refer to a person who is questioning their Gender, Sexual identity or Sexual orientation. The countries of the world have a wide variety of laws relating to sexual relations between people of the same sex - everything from full legal recognition of Same-sex marriage Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same A civil union is a legally recognized union similar to Marriage. LGBT adoption refers to the Adoption of children by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgendered people A sodomy law is a Law that defines certain Sexual acts as sex crimes. The militaries of the world have a variety of responses to Gays Lesbians and Bisexuals Most Western military forces have now removed policies excluding sexual Hate crimes (also known as bias motivated crimes) occur when a perpetrator targets a victim because of his or her membership in a certain Social group, usually defined The countries of the world have a wide variety of laws relating to sexual relations between people of the same sex - everything from full legal recognition of Same-sex marriage Heterosexism is a term that applies to attitudes, Bias, and Discrimination in favor of opposite-sex sexuality and relationships BenPhelpsJPG|thumb|right|Westboro Baptist Church picket signs with Ben Phelps grandson of Fred Phelps Lesbophobia (sometimes Lesbiphobia) comprises various forms of negativity toward Lesbian women as individuals as a couple or as a social group Biphobia is a term used to describe the fear of aversion to or discrimination against Bisexuality or LGBT people who are bisexual or perceived to be bisexual Sport is an Activity that is governed by a set of rules or Customs and often engaged in competitively LGBT (also GLBT) is an initialism referring collectively to Lesbian, Gay, bisexual, and Transgender / transsexual Originally called the Gay Olympics, it was started in San Francisco in 1982, as the brainchild of Tom Waddell, whose goals were to promote the spirit of inclusion and participation, as well as the pursuit of personal growth in a sporting event. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Dr Tom Waddell ( November 1, 1937 - July 11, 1987) was the Gay American sportsman who founded the international sporting
The Gay Games is open to all who wish to participate, without regard to sexual orientation. There are no qualifying standards to compete in the Gay Games. It brings together people from all over the world, many from countries where homosexuality remains illegal and hidden. Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation.
The Federation of Gay Games is the sanctioning body of the Gay Games. Concept and official purpose According to the Federation of Gay Games (FGG web site The purpose of the Federation of Gay Games is to foster and augment the self-respect From its statement of concept and purpose:
- The purpose of the Federation of Gay Games is to foster and augment the self-respect of lesbians and gay men throughout the world and to engender respect and understanding from the nongay world, primarily through an organized international participatory athletic and cultural event held every four years, and commonly known as the Gay Games. [1]
Contents |
Gay Games host cities, opening dates, and participation levels
| Name | Host City | Opening | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gay Games I - Challenge 1982 | San Francisco, USA | August 28, 1982 | 1,600 |
| Gay Games II - Triumph 1986 | San Francisco, USA | August 9, 1986 | 3,500 |
| Gay Games III - Celebration 1990 | Vancouver, Canada | August 4, 1990 | 9,500 |
| Gay Games IV - Unity 1994 | New York, USA | June 18, 1994 | 11,000 |
| Gay Games V - Friendship 1998 | Amsterdam, Netherlands | August 1, 1998 | 14,700 |
| Gay Games VI - Under New Skies 2002 | Sydney, Australia | November 2, 2002 | 12,000 |
| Gay Games VII - Where the World Meets 2006 | Chicago, USA | July 15, 2006 | 12,500 |
| Gay Games VIII - Be Part of it 2010 | Cologne, Germany | July 31, 2010 |
Naming controversy
Dr. Tom Waddell, the doctor and former Olympian who helped found the Gay Games, intended the Gay Games to be called the "Gay Olympics," but a lawsuit filed less than three weeks before 1982's inaugural Gay Olympics forced the name change. The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 475 - The Roman General Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his Capital Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Events 70 - The Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Amsterdam (pronounced) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland in the west The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Gay Games VII, colloquially called the Chicago Gaymes, is part of a family of international Sports and cultural festivals called Gay Games, sanctioned by Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1099 - First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. Dr Tom Waddell ( November 1, 1937 - July 11, 1987) was the Gay American sportsman who founded the international sporting [2]
Event organizers were sued by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) under the U. Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender social movements share related goals of social acceptance of Homosexuality, Bisexuality and Transgenderism Lesbian The countries of the world have a wide variety of laws relating to sexual relations between people of the same sex - everything from full legal recognition of Same-sex marriage LGBT history refers to the History of Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and Transgender peoples and cultures around the world dating back A list of LGBT rights activists who have worked to advance gay rights by political change legal action or publication The Declaration of Montreal on Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender Human Rights is a document adopted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on July 29 Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same LGBT adoption refers to the Adoption of children by Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, or Transgendered people LGBT rights opposition refers to various movements or attitudes which oppose the extension of certain rights to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Heterosexism is a term that applies to attitudes, Bias, and Discrimination in favor of opposite-sex sexuality and relationships Violence against LGBT people queer identifying and the same-sex attracted are actions which may occur either at the hands of S. Amateur Sports Act of 1978, which gave the USOC exclusive rights to the word Olympic in the United States. Defendants of the lawsuit contended that the law was capriciously applied and that if the Nebraska Rat Olympics and the Police Olympics did not face similar lawsuits, neither should the Gay Olympics. [3]
Some, like Jeff Sheehy, coauthor of San Francisco's domestic partner legislation and former president of the Harvey Milk Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgendered Democratic Club, believed homophobia to be a motivation behind the lawsuit. Based in San Francisco, California, the Harvey Milk LGBT Democratic Club is a chapter of the Stonewall Democrats, named after LGBT activist BenPhelpsJPG|thumb|right|Westboro Baptist Church picket signs with Ben Phelps grandson of Fred Phelps They cite the authorized use of the word "Olympics" by the Special Olympics and other organizations as evidence of this homophobia. Special Olympics is an international organization created to help people with Intellectual disabilities develop self-confidence social skills and a sense of personal accomplishment [3]
Others, like Daniel Bell, cite the IOC's long history of protecting the Olympics brand as evidence that the lawsuit against the "Gay Olympics" was not motivated by discrimination against gays. Since 1910 the IOC has taken action, including lawsuits and expulsion from the IOC, to stop other organizations from using the word "Olympics. "[4]
Schism in LGBT sports communities over Gay Games VII
In 2001, the Federation of Gay Games (FGG) awarded the seventh edition of the Gay Games to Montréal, Canada for 2006, but the FGG removed its sanction in late 2003 after differences arose between it and the Montréal 2006 organizing committee. Concept and official purpose According to the Federation of Gay Games (FGG web site The purpose of the Federation of Gay Games is to foster and augment the self-respect Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. There were three main points of contention, over which neither party could agree:
- Size of the event
- Size of the budget — especially the planned break-even participation point
- Financial transparency
The FGG wanted to plan for a smaller event with a more conservative budget and, the Montréal organizing committee wanted to plan for an event with 24,000 participants, twice the level of participation of the previous Gay Games in 2002. Due to financial problems in previous events, the FGG also asked for transparency into Montréal 2006's financial activities.
After withdrawal of its sanction from Montréal, the FGG held a second round of bidding between Chicago and Los Angeles, both of which had put forth well-received bids to host the 2006 games in the first round in 2002. Ultimately, the FGG awarded Gay Games VII to Chicago. Gay Games VII, colloquially called the Chicago Gaymes, is part of a family of international Sports and cultural festivals called Gay Games, sanctioned by Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States.
The Montréal organizing committee nevertheless decided to proceed to hold an athletic and cultural event without the sanction of the FGG; this plan developed into the first edition of the World Outgames, and the creation of its sanctioning body, the Gay and Lesbian International Sport Association. The 1st World Outgames took place in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from July 26 2006 to August 5 2006 The World Outgames are a sporting and cultural event hosted by the gay community The Gay and Lesbian International Sport Association (GLISA is an international gay and lesbian sport association
Due to limited personal resources, many individual and team participants were forced to choose between Gay Games Chicago and World Outgames Montréal, a situation exacerbated by the two events being a week apart. Gay Games VII, colloquially called the Chicago Gaymes, is part of a family of international Sports and cultural festivals called Gay Games, sanctioned by The 1st World Outgames took place in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from July 26 2006 to August 5 2006 The closing ceremony of Gay Games Chicago on 22 July 2006 was only 7 days before the opening ceremony of World Outgames Montréal on 29 July 2006. This meant that those who competed or performed in Chicago would have little recovery time before Montréal. The split resulted in a lower quality of athletic competition at both events because neither could claim the whole field of competitors. In this regard, competitors in team sports fared the worst because teams were much less likely (relative to competitors in individual sports) to compete in both the Gay Games and World Outgames. There was some advantages to the games being so close together time wise and location wise. For overseas participants that had to travel far the convenience of the games being only a week apart and not far form each other, enabled those participants to attend both.
It is yet to be seen whether the worldwide communities of LGBT athletes are willing and able to support both the Gay Games and World Outgames into the future. The Chicago Gay Games VII ended with no debt and all bills paid. The Montreal Outgames ended with 5. 3M Canadian dollars of debt.
Gay Games VIII: Cologne 2010
On 16 March 2005, the Federation of Gay Games announced that Cologne, Johannesburg, and Paris were the official candidate cities for Gay Games VIII in 2010. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Johannesburg ( Pronounced /jō-hān'ĭs-bûrg'/ is the largest city in South Africa. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Cologne was elected in the FGG annual meeting in Chicago on 14 November 2005. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
See also
- Federation of Gay Games, the sanctioning body of the Gay Games
- Gay Games VII Chicago 2006
- Olympic Games
- EuroGames is an event similar to the Gay Games. Concept and official purpose According to the Federation of Gay Games (FGG web site The purpose of the Federation of Gay Games is to foster and augment the self-respect Gay Games VII, colloquially called the Chicago Gaymes, is part of a family of international Sports and cultural festivals called Gay Games, sanctioned by The Olympic Games is an international Multi-sport event established for both summer and winter games The EuroGames are a gay and lesbian sporting event in Europe hosted by license of the European Gay and Lesbian Sport Federation and organised by one or more of the federation's Whereas Gay Games is a global event, Eurogames is primarily European.
- European Gay and Lesbian Sport Federation, the sanctioning body of the EuroGames
- World Outgames, sanctioned by the Gay and Lesbian International Sport Association
References
- ^ Federation of Gay Games. The European Gay and Lesbian Sport Federation ( EGLSF) is a sporting body for Homosexuals in Europe. The World Outgames are a sporting and cultural event hosted by the gay community The Gay and Lesbian International Sport Association (GLISA is an international gay and lesbian sport association Concept and Purpose. Retrieved on 2006-11-25. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the
- ^ Blackwell, Savannah. "Crushing the Gay Olympics: The USOC's homophobic past", San Francisco Bay Guardian, 2001-09-05. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Retrieved on 2006-01-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- ^ a b Clark, Joe. "Glory of the Gay Games", 1994. Retrieved on 2006-01-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- ^ Bell, Daniel (1998). Why can't the Gay Games be the Gay Olympics?. International Games Archive. Retrieved on 2006-01-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
External links
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