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For other uses, see Garden (disambiguation).
The Pagoda at Kew Gardens, London, England
The Pagoda at Kew Gardens, London, England
A kaiyu-shiki or strolling Japanese garden
A kaiyu-shiki or strolling Japanese garden
Colorful Spring garden
Colorful Spring garden

A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, usually referred to simply as Kew Gardens, are extensive Gardens and botanical glasshouses between Richmond and that is Gardens in traditional Japanese style can be found at private homes in neighborhood or city parks and at historical Landmarks such as Buddhist Spring is one of the four Temperate Seasons Spring marks the transition from Winter into Summer. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Nature, in the broadest sense is equivalent to the natural world, physical universe, material world or material universe. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most common form is known as a residential garden. A residential garden, or domestic garden, is the most common form of Garden and is generally found in proximity to a residence Western gardens are almost universally based around plants. Zoos, which display wild animals in simulated natural habitats, were formerly called zoological gardens. A zoological garden, shortened to zoo, is an institution in which living animals are exhibited in captivity [1][2]

See traditional types of eastern gardens, such as Zen gardens, use plants such as parsley. A, sometimes called a Zen garden, is an enclosed shallow Sandpit containing Sand, Gravel, rocks and occasionally grass Xeriscape gardens use local native plants that do not require irrigation or extensive use of other resources while still providing the benefits of a garden environment. Xeriscaping refers to landscaping in ways that do not require supplemental Irrigation. Gardens may exhibit structural enhancements, sometimes called follies, including water features such as fountains, ponds (with or without fish), waterfalls or creeks, dry creek beds, statuary, arbors, trellises and more. In Architecture, a folly is a Building constructed strictly as a decoration having none of the usual purposes of housing or sheltering associated with a conventional In Landscape architecture and Garden design, a water feature is any of a full range of Fountains pools Ponds Cascades Waterfalls A traditional fountain is an arrangement where water issues from a source ( Latin fons) fills a basin of some kind and is drained away

Some gardens are for ornamental purposes only, while some gardens also produce food crops, sometimes in separate areas, or sometimes intermixed with the ornamental plants. Food-producing gardens are distinguished from farms by their smaller scale, more labor-intensive methods, and their purpose (enjoyment of a hobby rather than produce for sale). A farm is an area of land including various structures devoted primarily to the practice of producing and managing food ( Produce, Grains, or Livestock

Gardening is the activity of growing and maintaining the garden. Gardening is the practice of growing Plants for their attractive flowers or foliage and Vegetables or Fruits for consumption This work is done by an amateur or professional gardener. A gardener is any person involved in the growing and maintenance of plants notably in a Garden. A gardener might also work in a non-garden setting, such as a park, a roadside embankment, or other public space. A public space refers to an area or place that is open and accessible to all citizens regardless of Gender, Race, Ethnicity, Age or Landscape architecture is a related professional activity with landscape architects tending to specialise in design for public and corporate clients. Landscape architecture involves the investigation and designed response to the landscape

The term "garden" in British English refers to an enclosed area of land, usually adjoining a building. British English or UK English ( BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the [3] This would be referred to as a yard in American English. A yard is an enclosed area of land usually tied to a building Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. Flower gardens combine plants of different heights, colors, textures, and fragrances to create interest and delight the senses.

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Garden design

Flower garden
Flower garden

Garden design is the creation of plans for layout and planting of gardens and landscapes. Garden design is the art and process of Designing and creating plans for layout and planting of Gardens and Landscapes Garden design may be done by the garden Garden design may be done by the garden owner themselves, or by professionals. Most professional garden designers are trained in principles of design and in horticulture, and have an expert knowledge and experience of using plants. Some professional garden designers are also landscape architects, a more formal level of training that usually requires an advanced degree and often a state license. A landscape architect is a person involved in the planning design and sometimes oversight of an exterior landscape or space Elements of garden design include the layout of hard landscape, such as paths, rockeries, walls, water features, sitting areas and decking, as well as the plants themselves, with consideration for their horticultural requirements, their season-to-season appearance, lifespan, growth habit, size, speed of growth, and combinations with other plants and landscape features. Horticulture is the art and science of plant cultivation Horticulturists (or horticuluralists) work and conduct research in the fields of Plant propagation Habit, when used in the context of Biology, refers to the instinctive actions of Animals and the natural tendencies of Plants In Zoology Consideration is also given to the maintenance needs of the garden, including the time or funds available for regular maintenance, which can affect the choices of plants regarding speed of growth, spreading or self-seeding of the plants, whether annual or perennial, and bloom-time, and many other characteristics. Botanically an annual plant is a Plant that usually germinates, Flowers and dies in one Year. A perennial plant or perennial ( Latin per, "through" annus, "year" is a Plant that lives for more than

The most important consideration in garden design is how the garden will be used, followed closely by the desired stylistic genres, and the way the garden space will connect to the home or other structures in the surrounding areas. All of these considerations are subject to the limitations of the budget. Budget limitations can be addressed by a simpler garden style with fewer plants and less costly hardscape materials, seeds rather than sod for lawns, and plants that grow quickly; alternately, garden owners may choose to create their garden over time, area by area.

Elements of a garden

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Rockery in England
Rockery in England

The elements of a garden consist of the following:

Natural conditions and materials:

Man-made elements:

Uses for the garden space

A garden can have aesthetic, functional, and recreational uses:

Types of gardens

The Sunken Garden of Butchart Gardens, Victoria, British Columbia
The Sunken Garden of Butchart Gardens, Victoria, British Columbia
Tours, France
Tours, France
Zen garden, Ryōan-ji
Zen garden, Ryōan-ji
French formal garden in the Loire Valley
French formal garden in the Loire Valley
Bristol Zoo, England
Bristol Zoo, England
Castelo Branco, Portugal
Castelo Branco, Portugal

Gardens may feature a particular plant or plant type(s);

Gardens may feature a particular style or aesthetic:

Types of garden:

Watering gardens

See rainwater, hand pump, tap water and drip irrigation. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Tillage is the agricultural preparation of the Soil by Ploughing ripping or turning it Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. A shed is typically a simple single- story structure in a Back garden or on an allotment that is used for Storage, hobbies, or The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. The Butchart Gardens is a group of floral display gardens in Brentwood Bay, British Columbia, Canada, near Victoria on Vancouver Island Victoria (vɪkˈtɔɹiə is the capital city of British Columbia. Tours is a city in France the Préfecture (capital city of the Indre-et-Loire département, on the lower reaches of the river This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. is a Zen Temple located in northwest Kyoto, Japan. Belonging to the Myoshin-ji school of the Rinzai branch of Zen Buddhism Loire Valley (Vallée de la Loire is known as the Garden of France and the Cradle of the French Language. Bristol Zoo is a Zoo in the city of Bristol in South West England. ---- Castelo Branco (kɐʃˈtɛlu ˈbɾɐ̃ku is a city and a municipality, seat of the district of Castelo Branco, in Centro region, Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. A back garden is a Residential garden located at the rear of a property on the other side of the House from the Front garden. The Bog Garden is a nature preserve Botanical garden, and city park located at 1101 Hobbs Road Greensboro North Carolina. A fernery is a specialized Garden for the cultivation and display of Ferns In many countries ferneries are indoors or at least sheltered or kept in a Shadehouse A flower garden is a form of Garden usually grown for decorative purposes centering primarily on the kinds of Flowers produced by the plants involved The front garden is to be found in front of a house and is to be distinguished from the Back garden. A herb garden is a Garden dedicated to the cultivation of Cooking, Herbal tea, Medicinal, aromatic and/or An Orangery was a building frequently found in the grounds of fashionable residences from the 17th to the 19th century and given a classicising architectural form An orchard is an intentional planting of Trees or Shrubs maintained for Food production. A vegetable garden (also known as a vegetable patch or vegetable plot) is a Garden that exists to grow Vegetables and other plants A vineyard is a Plantation of Grape -bearing Vines grown mainly for Winemaking, but also Raisins Table grapes and non-alcoholic A White Garden is a feature Garden composed of plants that produce white Flowers and spathes as well as plants with a white or silvery cast to their foliage Natural landscaping, also called native gardening, is the use of Plants, including Trees Shrubs Groundcover, Grass which This article is regarding the kind of garden maintained in wintertime for other meanings see Winter Garden A winter garden is as the name implies A rock garden, also known as a rockery or an alpine garden, is a type of Garden that features extensive use of rocks or stones along Bonsai (盆栽 literally "potted plant" is the art of Aesthetic miniaturization of Trees by growing them in containers The Chinese (Scholar's Garden is a place for solitary or social contemplation of nature The Dutch garden is distinguished by its dense atmosphere and efficient use of space The term English garden or English park (Jardin anglais Giardino all'inglese Englischer Landschaftsgarten is used in Continental Europe A formal garden in the Western gardening tradition is a neat and ordered Garden laid out in carefully planned geometric and symmetric lines that is Gardens in traditional Japanese style can be found at private homes in neighborhood or city parks and at historical Landmarks such as Buddhist Knot gardens were first established in the UK in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Mughal gardens are a group of Gardens built by the Mughals in the Islamic style of architecture Natural landscaping, also called native gardening, is the use of Plants, including Trees Shrubs Groundcover, Grass which The tradition and style of Garden design of Persian gardens ( Persian باغ ایرانی influenced the design of gardens from Andalusia to India A vivarium (Latin literally for "place of life" plural vivaria or vivariums) is an area usually enclosed for keeping and raising animals or A garden grown specifically for the purpose of testing and evaluating plants is called a trial garden. A tropical garden features tropical plants and requires good rainfall or a decent irrigation or Sprinkler system for watering Water gardens, also known as aquatic gardens, backyard ponds and Garden ponds, have been made popular by Andy Holt in recent years Wildlife gardening is a school of Gardening that is aimed at creating an environment that is attractive to various forms of wildlife such as Birds Amphibians Xeriscaping refers to landscaping in ways that do not require supplemental Irrigation. A, sometimes called a Zen garden, is an enclosed shallow Sandpit containing Sand, Gravel, rocks and occasionally grass Botanical gardens grow a wide variety of Plants primarily to categorize and document for scientific purposes Butterfly gardening is a growing school of Gardening, specifically Wildlife gardening, that is aimed at creating an environment that attracts Butterflies A butterfly zoo is a Zoo which is specifically intended for the breeding and display of Butterflies. In Agriculture and Gardening, a cold frame is a transparent -roofed enclosure built low to the ground used to protect Plants from cold Weather A community garden is a piece of land gardened by a group of people Container gardening is the practice of growing plants exclusively in containers or "pots" instead of planting them in the ground The Cottage garden is a distinct style of garden that uses an informal design traditional materials dense plantings and a mixture of ornamental and edible plants on a smaller scale than A functional garden used to grow flowers for indoor use rather than outdoor display is known as a cutting garden. A garden conservatory is usually a small conservatory usually attached to a private house A greenhouse (also called a glasshouse or hothouse) is a building where plants are cultivated Forest gardening (also known as 3-Dimensional Gardening is a Food production and Land management system based on replicating Woodland Ecosystems Hydroponics (from the Greek words hydro (water and ponos (labour is a method of growing Plants using mineral Nutrient solutions without A rain garden is a planted depression that is designed to absorb rainwater runoff from impervious urban areas like roofs driveways walkways and compacted lawn areas Raised bed gardening is a form of Gardening in which the soil is formed in 3–4 foot (1 A residential garden, or domestic garden, is the most common form of Garden and is generally found in proximity to a residence A roof garden is any Garden on the Roof of a Building. Humans have grown Plants atop structures since antiquity. A sacred garden is a religiously-influenced garden often found on temple grounds A sensory garden is a 'garden' or other plot specifically created to be accessible and enjoyable to visitors both Disabled and non-disabled Square Foot Gardening is the name of a book by Mel Bartholomew and the associated method which he has helped popularize A green wall is a wall either free-standing or part of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and in some cases soil or an inorganic growing medium A walled garden is a Garden enclosed by high Walls These walls may serve a Decorative or Security purpose but their original function Windowbox may also refer to Windowbox (film A windowbox or window box is a container for growing Plants usually positioned outside A zoological garden, shortened to zoo, is an institution in which living animals are exhibited in captivity Rain is Liquid precipitation. On Earth it is the condensation of atmospheric Water vapor into drops heavy enough to fall often making it to Handpumps are used primarily in developing nations as a manually powered means of bringing water to the surface from a Borehole, Rainwater tank or well Tap water ( running water) is part of indoor Plumbing, which became available in the late 19th century and common in the mid-20th century See also Irrigation Drip irrigation, also known as trickle irrigation or microirrigation is an Irrigation method which minimizes the use


History of gardening

Further information: History of gardening

Gardens in literature

Other similar spaces

Other outdoor spaces that are similar to gardens include:

See also

References

  1. ^ Garden history : philosophy and design, 2000 BC--2000 AD, Tom Turner. Garden tourism is a type of niche tourism involving visits or travel to Botanical gardens and places which are significant in the History of gardening. This entry concerns the history of ornamental gardening considered as an amenity of civilized life as a vehicle for style for conspicuous show and even an expression of philosophy The Museum of Garden History is based in the deconsecrated parish church of St Mary-at-Lambeth adjacent to Lambeth Palace on the south bank of the River Thames in A botanical garden is a place where Plants especially Ferns Conifers and Flowering plants are grown and displayed for the purposes of Research This is a list of Companion plant relationships Many more are in List of beneficial weeds. The List of gardens is a link page for any Park or Garden open to the public anywhere in the world New York: Spon Press, 2005. ISBN 0415317487
  2. ^ The earth knows my name : food, culture, and sustainability in the gardens of ethnic Americans, Patricia Klindienst. Boston: Beacon Press, c2006. ISBN 0807085626
  3. ^ The Compact Oxford English Dictionary

Dictionary

garden

-noun

  1. A decorative place outside, usually where plants are grown for food (vegetable garden) or ornamental purposes (flower garden).
  2. (in plural gardens) Such an ornamental place to which the public have access.
  3. The grounds at the front or back of a house.
  4. (slang) Pubic hair or the genitalia it masks.

-verb

  1. (intransitive, mostly, US) to grow plants in a garden; to create or maintain a garden.
  2. (intransitive, cricket) of a batsman, to inspect and tap the pitch lightly with the bat so as to smooth out small rough patches and irregularities

-adjective

  1. Of, relating to, in, from or for use in a garden.
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