A gallon is a measure of volume. The volume of any solid plasma vacuum or theoretical object is how much three- Dimensional space it occupies often quantified numerically It is in current use in the United States and still has limited use in many other English-speaking countries. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States
Historically the gallon has had many different definitions, but there are three definitions in current use. These are the U.S. liquid gallon, the U.S. dry gallon and the Imperial (UK) gallon. US customary units, also known in the United States as English units or Imperial units (in reference to the British Empire) (but see English US customary units, also known in the United States as English units or Imperial units (in reference to the British Empire) (but see English Imperial units or the Imperial system is a collection of units first defined in the British Weights and Measures Act of 1824
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Definitions
- U. S. liquid gallon is legally defined as 231 cubic inches, and is equal to (exactly) 3. A cubic inch (plural cubic inches) is a non- SI unit of Volume, equal to the volume of a Cube with sides of one Inch. 785411784 litres (1 L = 10-3 m3) or about 0. The litre or liter (see spelling differences) is a unit of Volume. To help compare different Orders of magnitude this page lists Volumes between at 10-3 m3 and 10-2 m³ (1 Litre and 10 litres 13368 cubic feet. The cubic foot is an imperial and US customary (non- metric) unit of Volume, used in the United States Canada and the United Kingdom This is the most common definition of a gallon in the United States. The U. S. fluid ounce is defined as 1/128 of a U. A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl oz or oz fl) is a unit of Volume in both the imperial and the US customary systems S. gallon.
- U. S. dry gallon is one-eighth of a U. S. Winchester bushel of 2150. Winchester measure is a set of legal standards of volume defined in the city of Winchester, England during the tenth century and in use with some modifications until the present A bushel is a unit of dry volume, usually subdivided into eight local Gallons in the systems of Imperial units and U 42 cubic inches, thus 268. 8025 cubic inches (exactly) or 4. 40488377086 litres (exactly). The U. S. dry gallon is less commonly used.
- Imperial (UK) gallon is legally defined as 4. 54609 litres (≈ 277. The litre or liter (see spelling differences) is a unit of Volume. 42 cu in), which is about 1. 2 U. S. liquid gallons. This definition is used in Commonwealth countries and Ireland, and is based on the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 °F. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 (A U. S. liquid gallon of water weighs about 8. 33 pounds at the same temperature. )
Worldwide usage of gallons
The US liquid gallon continues to be used as a unit of measure for fuel[1] in Belize,[2][3] Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Myanmar (Burma),[4][5][6] Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, and the United States. Belize (bəˈliːz formerly British Honduras, is a country in Central America. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. The Dominican Republic ( Spanish: República Dominicana;) is a nation located in the Caribbean region and shares the island of Hispaniola with For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Ecuador topics. El Salvador ( República de El Salvador,) is a country in Central America. Grenada (grɪˈneɪdə is an Island nation that includes the southern Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America Panama, officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
The Imperial gallon is no longer legal in the United Kingdom for trade or public administration purposes, but it is used colloquially (and in advertising) for the fuel consumption (inverted) figures, in miles per gallon (elsewhere in Europe, the effective fuel consumption is most often advertized in litres per 100 km). The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located However it continues to be used as a unit of measure for fuel[1] in Antigua and Barbuda,[7][8][9] Guyana, and the United Arab Emirates. Antigua and Barbuda ( Spanish for "Ancient" and "Bearded" is an Island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea Guyana (ɡaɪˈænə or /ɡiːˈɑːnə/ officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only Nation state
The word has also been used as translation for several foreign units of the same magnitude.
Subdivisions
The gallons in current use are subdivided into eight pints or four quarts. The pint is an English unit of Volume or capacity in the imperial system and United States customary units. The quart is an imperial and US customary unit of Volume equal to a quarter of a Gallon. Pints are further subdivided into fluid ounces and liquid gallons are also subdivided into 32 gills, i. The pint is an English unit of Volume or capacity in the imperial system and United States customary units. A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl oz or oz fl) is a unit of Volume in both the imperial and the US customary systems The gill (ˈdʒɪl Homophone of " Jill " is a Unit of measurement for volume equal to a quarter of a Pint. e. a quarter of a pint. The sub-units of pint and fluid ounce, despite having the same name in both Imperial and U. The pint is an English unit of Volume or capacity in the imperial system and United States customary units. A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl oz or oz fl) is a unit of Volume in both the imperial and the US customary systems S. units, differ in volume and are therefore not interchangeable.
The Imperial fluid ounce is defined as 1/160 of an Imperial gallon. A fluid ounce (abbreviated fl oz, fl oz or oz fl) is a unit of Volume in both the imperial and the US customary systems
History
At one time, the volume of a gallon depended on what was being measured, and where it was being measured. But, by the end of the 18th century, three definitions were in common use:
- The corn gallon, or “Winchester gallon”, of about 268. 8 cubic inches (≈ 4. 405 L),
- the wine gallon, or “Queen Anne’s gallon”, which was 231 cubic inches (≈ 3. 79 L), and
- the ale gallon of 282 cubic inches (≈ 4. 62 L).
The corn or dry gallon was used in the United States until recently for grain and other dry commodities. It is one eighth of the (Winchester) bushel, originally a cylindrical measure of 18½ inches in diameter and 8 inches depth. A bushel is a unit of dry volume, usually subdivided into eight local Gallons in the systems of Imperial units and U Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. That made the dry gallon 9¼²·π in³ ≈ 268. IMPORTANT NOTICE Please note that Wikipedia is not a database to store the millions of digits of π please refrain from adding those to Wikipedia as it could cause technical problems 80252 cubic inches. The bushel, which like dry quart and pint still sees some use, was later defined to be 2150. The quart is an imperial and US customary unit of Volume equal to a quarter of a Gallon. 42 cubic inches exactly, making its gallon 268. 8025 cubic inches exactly (4. 40488377086 L). In previous centuries there had been a corn gallon of around 271 to 272 cubic inches.
The wine, fluid, or liquid gallon is the standard U. S. gallon since the early 19th century. The wine gallon, which some sources relate to the volume occupied by eight medieval merchant pounds of wine, was at one time defined as the volume of a cylinder six inches deep and seven inches in diameter, i. English unit is the American name for a unit in one of a number of systems of Units of measurement, some obsolete and some still in use in present-day USA, the e. 6·3½²·π ≈ 230. 90706 cubic inches. It had been redefined during the reign of Queen Anne, in 1706, as 231 cubic inches exactly (3 × 7 × 11 in), which is the result of the earlier definition with π approximated to 22⁄7. Anne (6 February 1665 – 1 August 1714 became Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland on 8 March 1702 succeeding William III of England and II of IMPORTANT NOTICE Please note that Wikipedia is not a database to store the millions of digits of π please refrain from adding those to Wikipedia as it could cause technical problems Although the wine gallon had been used for centuries for import duty purposes there was no legal standard of it in the Exchequer and a smaller gallon (224 cu in) was actually in use, so this statute became necessary. The Exchequer was (and in some cases still is a part of the governments of England (latterly to include Wales) Scotland, and Northern Ireland It remains the U. S. definition today.
The original ratio between corn and wine gallon is 9¼²:6·3½² = 1369:1176, but 268. 8:231 is exactly 64:55 or ca. 13:11. This approximation is still applicable, although the ratio of 1. 164115646 slightly changed to 1. 163647186 with current definitions (268. 8025:231 = 107521:92400 ≈ 1344:1165). In some contexts it is or was necessary to disambiguate between those two U. S. gallons, so “liquid” or “fluid” and “dry” respectively are then added to the name.
In 1824, Britain adopted a close approximation to the ale gallon known as the Imperial gallon and abolished all other gallons in favour of it. Inspired by the kilogram-litre relationship, the Imperial gallon was based on the volume of 10 pounds of distilled water weighed in air with brass weights with the barometer standing at 30 inches of mercury and at a temperature of 62 °F. The pound or pound-mass (abbreviation lb, lbm, or sometimes in the United States #) is a unit of Mass Inches of mercury, inHg or "Hg is a measuring unit for Pressure. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 In 1963, this definition was refined as the space occupied by 10 pounds of distilled water of density 0. 998859 grams per millilitre weighed in air of density 0. 001217 g/mL against weights of density 8. 136 g/mL. This works out at approximately 4. 5460903 L (277. 4416 cu in). The metric definition of exactly 4. 54609 cubic decimetres (also 4. 54609 L after the litre was redefined in 1964, ca. 277. 419433 cu in) was adopted shortly afterwards in Canada; for several years, the conventional value of 4. 546092 L was used in the United Kingdom, until the Canadian convention was adopted in 1985.
Before and into the 19th century there were also several other gallons in use, with varying definitions. These are summarized in the table below. During some eras, the gallon was based on an exact conversion with a linear measure cubed. Other eras, the gallon was based on a rational approximation to the volume of a cylinder that could be used as a standard container, such as a basket, barrel, or jar. Other definitions were based on the density of a commodity, occasionally water, but more often a more marketable good such as wine or oats. Given these options and the variety of cultures that have used the gallon, it is not surprising that the exact value has drifted over the centuries.
Examples of gallons
| Volume | Definition | Inverted volume (gallons per cubic foot) |
Approx. density of water (pounds per gallon @62°F) |
Cylindrical approximation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (cu in) | (L, or dm3) | Diameter (in) |
Height (in) |
Relative error (%) |
|||
| 216 | 3. The avoirdupois (ˌævərdəˈpɔɪz French avwaʀdypwɑ system is a system of weights (or properly Mass) based on a pound of sixteen Ounces In the mathematical field of Numerical analysis, the approximation error in some data is the discrepancy between an exact value and some approximation to it 5396 (ca. ) | Roman congius | 8 | 7. In Ancient Roman Measurement, congius (from Greek konkhion, diminutive of konkhē, konkhos, "shellful" 8 | 5 | 11 | 0. 01 |
| 224 | 3. 6707 (ca. ) | preserved at the Guildhall, London (old UK wine gallon) | 7. The Guildhall is a building in the City of London, off Cheapside and Basinghall Street, in the wards of Bassishaw and Cheap. 71 | 8. 09 | 9 | 3. 5 | 0. 6 |
| 231 | 3. 785411784 | statute of 5th of Queen Anne (US wine gallon, standard US gallon) | 7. 48 | 8. 33 | 7 | 6 | 0. 04 |
| 264. 8 | 4. 3393 (ca. ) | ancient Rumford quart (1228) | 6. 53 | 9. 57 | 7. 5 | 6 | 0. 1 |
| 265. 5 | 4. 3508 (ca. ) | Exchequer (Henry VII, 1091, with rim) | 6. 51 | 9. 59 | 13 | 2 | 0. 01 |
| 266. 25 | 4. 3631 (ca. ) | ancient Rumford (1228) | |||||
| 268. 8025 | 4. 40488377086 | Winchester, statute 13 + 14 by William III (corn gallon, old US dry gallon) | 6. William III or William of Orange (14 November 1650 &ndash 8 March 1702 He is informally known in Northern Ireland and Scotland as "King Billy" 43 | 9. 71 | 18. 5 | 1 | 0. 00001 |
| 271 | 4. 4409 (ca. ) | Exchequer (1601, E. ) (old corn gallon) | 6. 38 | 9. 79 | 4. 5 | 17 | 0. 23 |
| 272 | 4. 4573 (ca. ) | corn gallon (1688) | |||||
| 277. 18 | 4. 5422 (ca. ) | statute 12 of Anne (coal gallon) | 6. 23 | 10 | |||
| 277. 419433 (ca. ) | 4. 54609 | standard Imperial gallon (metric) (1964 Canada gallon, 1985 UK gallon) | |||||
| 277. 419555 (ca. ) | 4. 546092 | Imperial gallon (1824) (traditional UK ale gallon) | 6. 23 | 10 | |||
| 278 | 4. 5556 (ca. ) | Exchequer (Henry VII, with copper rim) | 6. 21 | 10. 04 | |||
| 278. 4 | 4. 5622 (ca. ) | Exchequer (1601 and 1602 pints) | 6. 21 | 10. 06 | |||
| 280 | 4. 5884 (ca. ) | Exchequer (1601 quart) | 6. 17 | 10. 1 | |||
| 282 | 4,6212 (ca. ) | Treasury (beer and ale gallon) | 6. 13 | 10. 2 | |||
References
- ^ a b FuelPrices2005 (see chapter 12.2: Conversion units) (pdf) 96. German Technical Cooperation. Retrieved on 2008-06-10. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem
- ^ Belize Ministry of Finance::FAQ. Belize Ministry of Finance. Retrieved on 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign “#Kerosene per US Gallon (per Imperial gallon)#Gasoline (Regular)(per Imperial Gallon)# Gasoline (Premium) (per Imperial Gallon)#Diesel (per Imperial Gallon)”
- ^ Belize shopping. Retrieved on 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign “Although the Belize $ is pegged at two for every US$, they use Imperial gallons rather than the smaller US gallons (0. 83 of an Imperial) when dealing with gasoline. The cheapest grade of gasoline was US$4. 69/Imperial gallon”
- ^ 500 Are Detained in Burmese Capital. Retrieved on 2008-01-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. “. . . the Government cut the ration of subsidized gasoline from six to four imperial gallons a week”
- ^ Win, Aye Aye (22 Aug 2007). Fuel Hike Protest Begins in Myanmar. Associated Press. Retrieved on 2008-01-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. “The government, which holds a monopoly on fuel sales and subsidizes them, raised prices of fuel from $1. 16 to $2. 33 per imperial gallon for diesel and to $1. 94 for gasoline. A canister of natural gas containing 17 gallons was raised from 39 cents to $1. 94. ”
- ^ Burma's Activists March against Fuel Price (20 Aug 2007). Retrieved on 2008-01-16. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. “The government, which holds a monopoly on fuel sales and subsidizes them, raised prices of fuel from 1,500 kyats (US $1. 16) to 3,000 kyats ($2. 33) per imperial gallon for diesel and to 2,500 kyats ($1. 94) for gasoline. ”
- ^ GRENADA VISITOR FORUM - Cost Of Living - Grocery Prices. Retrieved on 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign
- ^ The Government of Grenada - The Ministry of Agriculture. Retrieved on 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign “he price of gasoline at the pumps was fixed at EC$7. 50 per imperial gallon. . . ”
- ^ The High Commission Antigua and Barbuda. Retrieved on 2008-01-15. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign
See also
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