Gaius Papius Mutilus was a Samnite noble who is best known for being the leader of the southern rebels who fought against the army of Rome in the Social War of 91-87 BC (also known as the Italic War). This article is about the conflict between Rome and her Italian allies between 91 and 88 BC For the Athenian conflict with its allies between 357 and 355 BC see [1]
The Southern Forces Under Gaius Papius
The Samnite army, consisting of southern rebels, was very similar to that of the Romans. Two men were elected consuls while another twelve were granted the position of praetor. Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities the commander of an Army, either before The consuls were the leaders of their respected armies and are referenced to as “commanders in chief. Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire ” Papius became the consul for the southern rebel forces, known as the Samnites, in 90 BC. Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire His fellow consul was Quintus Poppaedius Silo; the leader of a centrally located army, staffed mainly by members of Italic tribe of Marsi. Quintus Poppaedius Silo (sometimes seen as Pompaedius) was the leader of the Italian tribe of the Marsi and one of the leaders of the Italians during the Social The Marsi were an ancient people of Italy, whose chief centre was Marruvium, on the eastern shore of Lake Fucinus. Both of these men held the position of consul into the year 89 BC due to their success during the campaigning season of the following year. [2]
Success in Battle
Papius achieved great success as the leader of the Samnite army during his advance into Roman territory. One of the more famous battles fought by the southern rebels occurred at the city of Nola. Nola is a city of Campania, Italy, in the Province of Naples, situated in the plain between Mount Vesuvius and the Apennines. The Samnite army captured the city with 2,000 Roman soldiers remaining inside. The soldiers did not oblige Papius' offer to serve under him and were therefore starved to death.
Following his victory at Nola, Papius took the cities of Stabiae, Minervium, and Salernum while conquering the country around Nuceria. Stabiae was an ancient Roman town located close to the modern town of Castellammare di Stabia approximately 4 Scylletium or Scolacium &ndash also spelled Scylacium, Scolatium, Scyllaceum, Scalacium, or Scylaeium in Latin Salerno is a town in southern Italy, capital of the province of the same name in the region of Campania. Nocera Inferiore, formerly Nocera dei Pagani, is a town and comune in Campania, Italy in the Province of Salerno, at the foot of Monte Albino 20 km The citizens of these cities and those surrounding feared the wrath of Papius. He gathered the prisoners and slaves from each city while also being given infantry and cavalry out of fear (these troops amounted to over 10,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry). [3] Papius continued to destroy the Romans while continuing to have success in the city of Campania and the regions surrounding it. Campania is a region of Southern Italy in Europe. The region has a population of around 5 During his leadership of the Samnite army, Papius only lost two notable battles. These were to consul L. Iulius Caesar in 90 BC and to Cornelius Sulla Felix in 89 BC. In Ancient Rome several men of the Julii Caesares family were named Lucius Julius Caesar. Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c Following his loss to Sulla, Papius is said to have been granted Roman citizenship. Shortly after, he was proscribed and committed suicide. Not to be confused with prescription and other meanings of proscription. [4]
References
- ^ Hornblower, Simon; Antony Spawforth [1996]. The Oxford classical dictionary, 3rd, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 922.
- ^ Salmon, E. T. (1958). Notes on the Social War. Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association 89: 159-184
- ^ "The Histories of Appian", Loeb Classical Library, 1913, pp. 83, Book 1. Retrieved on 2007-05-10. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England.
- ^ Hornblower, Simon; Antony Spawforth [1996]. The Oxford classical dictionary, 3rd, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 922.
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