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Gahal (Hebrew: גח"ל) was the major right-wing political party in Israel from its founding in 1965 until it merged into Likud in 1973. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Politics of Israel takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Israel is The Basic Laws of Israel (חוקי יסוד Hokei Yesod) are a key component of Israel 's Unwritten constitution. The Jerusalem Law is a common name of Basic Law Jerusalem Capital of Israel passed by the Knesset on July 30, 1980 (17th The Law of Return ( Hebrew: חוק השבות ḥok ha-shvūt) is Israeli legislation originating in 1950 that gives Jews those of Jewish ancestry The President of the State of Israel (נשיא המדינה Nesi HaMedina, lit (שמעון פרס born Szymon Perski on August 2 1923, is the ninth President of the State of Israel. The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and is the most powerful political officer in Israel (the President of Israel being a titular figurehead Ehud Olmert (אהוד אולמרט ɛˈhud ˈolmeʁt born September 30, 1945) is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Israel and the former leader The Cabinet of Israel is a formal body composed of government officials chosen and led by a Prime Minister. The power of the Knesset to supervise and review government policies and operations is exercised mainly through the state Comptroller (מבקר המדינה Mevaker For Beit Knesset a Jewish Place of worship, see Synagogue. The Knesset (כנסת lit The Speaker of the Knesset is the presiding officer in the Knesset, Israel 's Parliament and also fills the role of the President when he or she Dalia Itzik (דליה איציק born 20 October 1952, is an Israeli politician affiliated with the Kadima party The following is a list of the Members of the 17th Knesset elected on 28 March 2006 and inaugurated 4 May 2006, and their replacements Israel elects its national legislature the Knesset, by Proportional representation on a national list basis Elections for the 16th Knesset were held in Israel on 28 January 2003. The Elections for the 17th Knesset were held in Israel on 28 March 2006. Israel's Political system is based on Proportional representation which allows for a Multi-party system with numerous parties Knesset Elections Law is crucial legal document governing the process of elections in the Israeli parliament or the Knesset. The Israeli Central Elections Committee (ועדת הבחירות המרכזית Va'adet HaBehirot HaMerkazit) is the highly controversial body charged under the Knesset The Israeli judicial system (or judicial branch in Israel, is an independent branch of the government which includes both secular and religious courts. The Supreme Court ( Hebrew: בית המשפט העליון Beit haMishpat ha'Elyon) is at the head of the court system in the State of Israel. The Attorney General of Israel (היועץ המשפטי לממשלה HaYoetz HaMishpati LaMemshala, lit Menachem Mazuz (מנחם מזוז born 1955 better known in Israel as "Meni Mazuz" is an Israeli Jurist, currently the Israeli Attorney General There are six main administrative districts of Israel, known in Hebrew as mehozot (מחוזות singular mahoz) and fifteen The local governments of Israel (רשות מקומית also known as local authorities are the set of bodies charged with providing services such as Urban planning, A City council (עירייה Iriya) is the official designation of a city within Israel's system of local government. Local councils (מועצה מקומית moetza mekomit) are one of the three types of Local government found in Israel, with the other two being Regional councils are one of the three types of Local government recognised by the found in Israel, with the other two being cities and local The State of Israel joined the United Nations on May 11, 1949. United Nations article Please do not remove -->Issues relating to the Relations between Israel and the European Union are generally positive Current Israeli Ambassadors Ambassadors to International Organizations Current ambassadors from Israel to international organizations Consuls General Current Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent In Politics, right-wing, the political right, and the Right are positions that uphold traditional values and/or authorities Israel's Political system is based on Proportional representation which allows for a Multi-party system with numerous parties For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Likud (ליכוד lit Consolidation) is the major centre-right political party in Israel.
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Name
As is the case with many political parties in Israel, Gahal is an acronym, standing for Gush Herut-Libralim (Hebrew: גוש חרות-ליברלים), translated as Herut-Liberals Bloc.
Background
Gahal was formed by a merger of Herut and the Liberal Party towards the end of the fifth Knesset in preparation for the 1965 elections. This article is about the political party For other uses see Herut (disambiguation. The Israeli Liberal Party (מפלגה ליברלית ישראלית Miflega Libralit Yisraelit) was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961 Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1965 The merger brought together the only two right-wing parties in the Knesset, each with 17 seats at the time. For Beit Knesset a Jewish Place of worship, see Synagogue. The Knesset (כנסת lit The Liberal Party had only been formed in 1961 by a merger of the General Zionists and the Progressive Party. The General Zionists (ציונים כלליים Tzionim Klalim) were centrists within the Zionist movement and a political party in Israel The Progressive Party (מפלגה פרוגרסיבית Miflega Progresivit) was a political party in Israel.
However, several former Liberal Party members were unhappy with the merger, identifying Herut and its leader, Menachem Begin as too right-wing. (מְנַחֵם בְּגִין Mieczysław Biegun Менахем Вольфович Бегин 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992 was the sixth prime minister of the State of Israel As a result, seven MKs broke away from the Liberal Party during its merger with Herut to form the Independent Liberals, which later merged into the left-wing Alignment. The Independent Liberals (ליברלים עצמאיים Libralim Atzma'im) were a political party in Israel and are one of the ancestors of the modern-day The Alignment (המערך HaMa'arakh) was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s Nevertheless, the new party went into the elections with 27 seats, just seven less than Mapai, the party which had dominated Israeli politics since independence (though it has to be noted that Mapai had been reduced in size due to a breakaway of 8 MKs led by David Ben-Gurion to found Rafi). for the town in Mozambique see Mapai Mozambique Mapai (מפא"י an acronym for Mifleget Poalei Eretz Yisrael (מפלגת Rafi (רפ"י an acronym for Reshimat Poalei Yisrael (רשימת פועלי ישראל lit
Led by Begin, in its first electoral test Gahal won 26 seats. However, it was outperformed by the Alignment (a new left-wing alliance of Mapai and Labour Unity, possibly formed in response to the coalescence of the country's right-wing parties), which won 46 seats. The Alignment (המערך HaMa'arakh) was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s for the town in Mozambique see Mapai Mozambique Mapai (מפא"י an acronym for Mifleget Poalei Eretz Yisrael (מפלגת The party was reduced in strength when three Gahal MKs broke away to form the Free Centre, and were later joined by another. The Free Centre (מרכז חופשי Merkaz Hofshi) was a political party in Israel, and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.
During the Six-Day War, Alignment leader and Prime Minister Levi Eshkol invited the party to join a national unity government. Background Suez Crisis aftermath The Suez Crisis of 1956 represented a military defeat but a political victory for Egypt The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of the Israeli government and is the most powerful political officer in Israel (the President of Israel being a titular figurehead (לֵוִי אֶשְׁכּוֹל born Levi Školnik (לֵוִי שׁקוֹלנִיק on 25 October 1895, died 26 February 1969) National governments (alternatively national unity governments or national union governments) are broad Coalition governments consisting of all parties (or The party remained in the government after the war, and kept its place when Golda Meir became Prime Minister after Eshkol's death in 1969. Golda Meir ( גּוֹלְדָּה מֵאִיר جولدا مائير born Golda Mabovitch, 3 May 1898 - 8 December 1978 known as Golda Myerson from 1917-1956
In the 1969 elections, the party maintained its 26-seat strength, though was comprehensively beaten by the Alignment, who won 56, the best ever election performance by a party in Israeli political history. Elections for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October 1969 Nevertheless, it was invited back into a national unity government. However, Gahal pulled out of the coalition in 1970 after the government announced its support for the Rogers Plan. The Rogers Plan was a framework proposed by United States Secretary of State William P Although the government later retracted its support, Gahal did not rejoin the coalition.
Before the 1973 elections, Gahal merged with several smaller right-wing parties, including its former breakaway, the Free Centre, the National List (a small party founded by Ben-Gurion after he had left Rafi) and the non-parliamentary Movement for Greater Israel. The Elections for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. The National List (רשימה ממלכתית Reshima Mamlakhtit) sometimes translated as the State List, was a political party in Israel. The new party was called Likud, the Hebrew word for Consolidation, as it was literally a consolidation of the right-wing in Israel. Likud (ליכוד lit Consolidation) is the major centre-right political party in Israel.
Though it failed to overcome the Alignment in the 1973 elections, Likud comfortably won the 1977 elections, ousting the left from power for the first time in Israel's history. The Elections for the ninth Knesset were held on 17 May 1977.
Knesset Members
| Knesset (MKs) |
Knesset Members |
|---|---|
| 5th (27) |
Zalman Abramov, Arie Altman, Binyamin Arditi, Binyamin Avniel, Yohanan Bader, Menachem Begin, Aryeh Ben-Eliezer, Peretz Bernstein, Haim Cohen-Meguri, Aharon Goldstein, Yitzhak Klinghoffer, Joseph Kremerman, Haim Landau, Nahum Levin, Eliyahu Meridor, Yaakov Meridor, Shlomo Perlstein, Esther Raziel-Naor, Elimelech Rimalt, Yosef Sapir, Yosef Serlin, Shabtai Shichman, Yosef Shofman, Eliezer Shostak, Avraham Tiar, Baruch Uziel, Zvi Zimmerman |
| 6th (26 –4) |
Zalman Abramov, Binyamin Avniel, Yohanan Bader, Menachem Begin, Aryeh Ben-Eliezer, Haim Cohen-Meguri, Aharon Goldstein, Yitzhak Klinghoffer, Joseph Kremerman, Haim Landau, Eliyahu Meridor*, Yaakov Meridor, Shlomo Perlstein, Esther Raziel-Naor, Elimelech Rimalt, Yosef Sapir, Yosef Serlin, Yosef Shofman, Mordechai-Haim Stern, Yosef Tamir, Baruch Uziel, Menachem Yedid, Zvi Zimmerman – Eliezer Shostak, Shmuel Tamir, Avraham Tiar, Shlomo Cohen-Tsiddon* (replaced Eliyahu Meridor) (to the Free Centre) |
| 7th (26) |
Zalman Abramov, Yoram Aridor, Yohanan Bader, Menachem Begin, Aryeh Ben-Eliezer (replaced by Gideon Patt), Haim Corfo, Simha Erlich, Aharon Goldstein, Benjamin Halevi, Avraham Katz, Ben-Zion Keshet, Yitzhak Klinghoffer, Joseph Kremerman, Haim Landau, David Levy, Dov Milman, Yaakov Nechushtan, Moshe Nissim, Esther Raziel-Naor, Elimelech Rimalt, Yosef Sapir (replaced by Mates Drobles), Yosef Serlin, Avraham Shechterman, Yosef Tamir, Menachem Yedid, Zvi Zimmerman |
External links
- Party history Knesset website (English)
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