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Gabriel Harvey (c. 1545 – 1630) was an English writer. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A writer is anyone who creates a written work although the word usually designates those who write creatively or professionally as well as those who have written in many different forms Harvey was a notable scholar, though his reputation suffered from his quarrel with Thomas Nashe. Henry Morley, writing in the Fortnightly Review (March 1869), brought evidence from Harvey's Latin writings showing that he was distinguished by quite other qualities than the pedantry and conceit usually associated with his name. Henry Morley ( 15 September 1822 - 1894 Writer on English literature son of an Apothecary, was born in Hatton Garden, Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome.

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Early life

The eldest son of a ropemaker from Saffron Walden, Essex, he matriculated at Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1566, and in 1570 was elected fellow of Pembroke Hall. Saffron Walden is a medium-sized market town in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common Christ’s College is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge. Pembroke College is a college of the University of Cambridge, home to over six hundred students and fellows, and is the third oldest of the colleges Here he formed a lasting friendship with Edmund Spenser, who may[1] have been his pupil. Edmund Spenser (c 1552 &ndash 13 January, 1599) was an important English Poet and Poet Laureate best known for The

Promotion of hexameter verse

He wanted to be "epitaphed as the Inventour of the English Hexameter," and was the prime mover in the literary clique known as the Areopagus that wanted to impose the Latin rules of quantity on English verse. Hexameter is a literary and poetic form consisting of six metrical feet per line as in the Iliad. This article concerns the 16th century literary movement For the place where a classical judicial body met see Areopagus. In a letter to M. Immerito (Edmund Spenser) he says that Edward Dyer and Philip Sidney were helping forward "our new famous enterprise for the exchanging of Barbarous and Balductum Rymes with Artificial Verses. Sir Edward Dyer (October 1543 – May 1607 was an English Courtier and Poet. Sir Philip Sidney ( November 30, 1554 &ndash October 17, 1586) became one of the Elizabethan Age's most prominent figures " The document includes a tepid appreciation of Spenser's Faerie Queene which had been sent to him for his opinion, and he gives examples of English hexameters illustrative of the principles enunciated in the correspondence. The Faerie Queene is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser, published first in three books in 1590 and later in six books in 1596 The opening lines--"What might I call this Tree? A Laurell? O bonny Laurell Needes to thy bowes will I bow this knee, and vayle my bonetto"--afford a fair sample of the success of Harvey's metrical experiments, which were an easy mark for the wit of Thomas Nashe. "He (Harvey) goes twitching and hopping in our language like a man running upon quagmires, up the hill in one syllable, and down the dale in another," says Nashe in Strange Newes, and he mimics him in the mocking couplet:

"But ah ! what news do you hear of that good Gabriel Huff-Snuff, Known to the world for a fool, and clapped in the Fleet for a rhymer?"

Harvey influenced Spenser greatly for a short time, and the friendship lasted. Harvey is the "Hobbinoll" of his friend's The Shepheardes Calender, and into his mouth is put the beautiful song in the fourth eclogue in praise of Eliza. The Shepheardes Calender was Edmund Spenser 's first major poetic work published in 1579 An eclogue is a Poem in a classical style on a Pastoral subject If he was really the author of the verses "To the Learned Shepheard," signed "Hobynoll" and prefixed to the Faerie Queene, he was a good poet spoiled. Harvey's genuine friendship for Spenser shows the best side of his character, which appeared uncompromising and quarrelsome to the world in general. In 1573 the bad feeling against him in his college was so strong that there was a delay of three months before the fellows would agree to grant him the necessary grace for his M.A. degree. A Master of Arts ( Latin: Magister Artium) is a Postgraduate academic Master's degree awarded by universities in a large

Career

He became reader in rhetoric in about 1576, and in 1578, on the occasion of Queen Elizabeth's visit to Sir Thomas Smith at Audley End House, he was appointed to dispute publicly before her. Rhetoric has had many definitions no simple definition can do it justice Sir Thomas Smith ( December 23, 1513 &ndash August 12, 1577) was an English scholar and Diplomat. Audley End House ( is largely an early 17th-century Country house just outside Saffron Walden, Essex, south of Cambridge, England In the next year he wrote to Spenser complaining of the unauthorized publication of satirical verses of his which were supposed to reflect on high personages, and threatened seriously to injure his career. In 1583 he became junior proctor of the university, and in 1585 was elected master of Trinity Hall, of which he had been a fellow from 1578, but the appointment appears to have been quashed at court. He was a protégé of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, to whom he introduced Spenser, and this connection may account for his friendship with Sidney. Robert Dudley 1st Earl of Leicester ( 24 June 1532 /1533 &ndash 4 September 1588) was the long standing Favourite of Elizabeth But in spite of patronage, a second application for the mastership of Trinity Hall failed in 1598.

In 1585 he received the degree of D. C. L. from the University of Oxford, and is found practising at the bar in London. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Gabriel's brother, Richard Harvey, had taken part in the Martin Marprelate controversy, and had given offence to Robert Greene by contemptuous references to him and his fellow wits. Martin Marprelate was the name used by the anonymous Author or authors of the Marprelate tracts. Greene retorted in his Quip for an Upstart Courtier with some scathing remarks on the Harveys, the worst of which were expunged in later editions, drawing attention among other things to Harvey's modest parentage. In 1599 Archbishop Whitgift made a raid on contemporary satire in general, and among other books the tracts of Harvey and Nashe were destroyed, and it was forbidden to reprint them. John Whitgift (c 1530 &ndash February 29, 1604) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human Harvey spent the last years of his life in retirement at his native place, dying in 1630.

The Letter-Book of Gabriel Harvey, AD, 1573-80 (1884, ed. EJL Scott, Camden Society), contains rough drafts of the correspondence between Spenser and Harvey, letters relative to the disputes at Pembroke Hall, and an extraordinary correspondence dealing with the pursuit of his sister Mercy by a young nobleman. Not to be confused with the Cambridge Camden Society. The Camden Society, named after the early English historian William Camden, A copy of Quintilian (1542), in the British Museum, is extensively annotated by Harvey. Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (ca 35 – ca 100 was a Roman Rhetorician from Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London.

Feud with Nashe

After Greene's death Harvey published Foure Letters and certaine Sonnets (1592), in which in a spirit of righteous superiority he spitefully revealed the miserable details of Greene's later years. Nashe, who in power of invective and merciless wit was far superior to Harvey, avenged Greene's memory, and at the same time settled his personal account with the Harveys, in Strange Newes (1593). Harvey refuted the personal charges made by Nashe in Pierce's supererogation, or a New Prayse of the Old Asse (1593). In a religious work, Christs Teares over Jerusalem (1593) Nashe made a full apology to Harvey, who however resumed the controversy in a New Letter of Notable Contents (1593). It is evident in fact that Harvey had not seen Nashe's apology in print when he wrote the New Letter of Notable Contents, but that he knew something along those lines was rumoured. Essentially his posture is one of deep distrust. He will not take reports of Nashe's change of heart at face value until he has the proof in his hand, in black and white: "Till a public injury be publicly confessed, and print confuted in print, I am one of St. Thomas' disciples, not over prest to believe. . . " This certainly sounds as if, at the time of writing New Letter, Harvey had simply not seen a copy of Christs Teares. The publication of New Letter however within a short time of Nashe's printed offer of truce allowed the latter once again to claim the high moral ground. Striking the pose of an injured innocent he dramatically withdrew his apology in a new edition (1595) of Christes Teares. Harvey, he claimed, had hinted at wanting a reconciliation so that Nashe would make a public apology, and as soon as he did so he was made to look a fool for his pains: "Impious Gabriel Harvey, the vowed enemy to all vows and protestations, plucking on with a private slavish submission a general public reconciliation, hath with a cunning ambuscado of confiscated idle oaths, welnear betrayed me to infamy eternal (his own proper chair of torment in hell). I can say no more but the devil and he be no men of their words. "

Although he threatened sweeping revenge it was nearly two years before Nashe replied to New Letter, when hearing that Harvey had boasted of victory he produced the most biting satire of the series in Have with you to Saffron Walden (1596). Harvey never responded. Later a college barber and part-time humorist, Richard Lichfield of Cambridge, attacked Nashe in The Trimming of Thomas Nashe Gentleman (1597). He signed his work "by the high-titled patron Don Richardo de Medico campo ", a play on his name (i. e. "leech-field"). This work was formerly attributed to Harvey.

His complete works were edited by Alexander Balloch Grosart with a Memorial Introduction for the Huth Library (1884-1885). See also Isaac Disraeli, on "Literary Ridicule," in Calamities of Authors (ed. Isaac D'Israeli ( May 11, 1766 - January 19, 1848) was a British writer and scholar 1840); T Warton's History of English Poetry (ed. Thomas Warton ( January 9, 1728 &ndash May 21, 1790) was an English literary historian and critic as well as a Poet WC Hazlitt, 1871); JP Collier's Bibliographical and Critical Account of the Rarest Books in the English Language (1865), and the Works of Thomas Nashe. William Hazlitt ( 10 April 1778 &ndash 18 September 1830) was an English Writer remembered for his humanistic Essays and John Payne Collier ( January 11, 1789 – September 17, 1883) English Shakespearian Critic and Forger

Latin works

References

  1. ^ C. H. Cooper. Athena cantabrigienses ii. 258

Further Reading

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