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This article is about a type of star. For the fairy tale by Madame d'Aulnoy, see The Yellow Dwarf. Marie-Catherine Le Jumel de Barneville Baronne d'Aulnoy (1650/1651&ndash 4 January 1705) was a French Writer known for her Fairy tales The Yellow Dwarf is a French literary Fairy tale by Madame d'Aulnoy.
The Sun, a typical example of a G V star
The Sun, a typical example of a G V star

In astronomy, a G V star is a main-sequence star of spectral type G and luminosity class V. The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study The main sequence is the name for a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on a plot of stellar color versus brightness A star is a massive luminous ball of plasma. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the Energy on Earth In Astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of Stars based initially on photospheric temperature and its associated Spectral characteristics Such a star, which can also be called a yellow dwarf, is small (about 0. 8 to 1. 0 solar masses) and has a surface temperature of between 5,300 and 6,000 K. The solar mass is a standard way to express Mass in Astronomy, used to describe the masses of other Stars and galaxies. Star The effective temperature of a Star is the temperature of a Black body with the same luminosity per surface area (\mathcal{F}_{Bol} The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic [1], Tables VII, VIII. Like other main-sequence stars, a G V star is in the process of converting hydrogen to helium in its core by means of nuclear fusion. The main sequence is the name for a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on a plot of stellar color versus brightness Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Helium ( He) is a colorless odorless tasteless non-toxic Inert Monatomic Chemical In Physics and Nuclear chemistry, nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple- like charged atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus [2] Our Sun is the most well-known (and most visible) example of a G V star. The Sun (Sol is the Star at the center of the Solar System. Each second, it fuses approximately 600 million tons of hydrogen to helium, converting about 4 million tons of matter to energy. Units of mass There are three similar units of Mass called the ton: Long ton (simply ton in countries such as the United Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Helium ( He) is a colorless odorless tasteless non-toxic Inert Monatomic Chemical Matter is commonly defined as being anything that has mass and that takes up space. In Physics and other Sciences energy (from the Greek grc ἐνέργεια - Energeia, "activity operation" from grc ἐνεργός [3][4] Other G V stars include Alpha Centauri A, Tau Ceti, and 51 Pegasi. Alpha Centauri (α Centauri / α Cen also known as Rigil Kentaurus, Rigil Kent, or Toliman, is the brightest Star in the southern Constellation Tau Ceti (τ Cet / τ Ceti ˌtaʊ ˈsiːtaɪ is a Star in the Constellation Cetus that is similar to the Sun in Mass and 51 Pegasi is a Sun -like star (although somewhat older than the Sun located 15 [5][6][7]

The term yellow dwarf is a misnomer, as G stars actually range in color from white, for early types like the Sun, to only slightly yellow for the later types. [8] See Spectral Classification for a diagram of star color by spectral type. In Astronomy, stellar classification is a classification of Stars based initially on photospheric temperature and its associated Spectral characteristics Our own Sun is in fact white. The misconception that it is yellow stems from contrast with the blue sky (which makes it appear yellow) and the reddening of the Sun close to the horizon due to Rayleigh scattering by the atmosphere. Rayleigh scattering (named after Lord Rayleigh) is the elastic Scattering of Light or other electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller

A G V star will fuse hydrogen for, very approximately, 10 billion years, until it is exhausted at the center of the star. Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 When this happens, the star expands to many times its previous size and becomes a red giant, such as Aldebaran (Alpha Tauri. A red giant is a luminous Giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0 Aldebaran ( α Tau α Tauri Alpha Tauri is the brightest star in the constellation Taurus and one of the brightest stars in the nighttime sky )[9] Eventually the red giant sheds its outer layers of gas, which become a planetary nebula, while the core cools and contracts into a small, dense white dwarf. A planetary nebula is an Emission nebula consisting of a glowing shell of Gas and plasma formed by certain types of Stars when they die A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a small Star composed mostly of Electron-degenerate matter. [2]

References

  1. ^ Empirical bolometric corrections for the main-sequence, G. M. H. J. Habets and J. R. W. Heintze, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 46 (November 1981), pp. 193–237.
  2. ^ a b Stellar Evolution: Main Sequence to Giant, class notes, Astronomy 101, Valparaiso University, accessed on line June 19, 2007. Valparaiso University, known Colloquially as Valpo, is a private University located in the city of Valparaiso in the U Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  3. ^ Why Does The Sun Shine?, lecture, Barbara Ryden, Astronomy 162, Ohio State University, accessed on line June 19, 2007. The Ohio State University ( OSU) is a Coeducational public Research university in the state of Ohio. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  4. ^ Sun, entry at ARICNS, accessed June 19, 2007. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  5. ^ Alpha Centauri A, SIMBAD query result. For the missile mounting see Mistral missile SIMBAD (the S et of I dentifications M easurements and B ibliography for Accessed on line December 4, 2007. "December 4th" redirects here For the song by Jay-Z, see December 4th (song. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  6. ^ Tau Ceti, SIMBAD query result. For the missile mounting see Mistral missile SIMBAD (the S et of I dentifications M easurements and B ibliography for Accessed on line December 4, 2007. "December 4th" redirects here For the song by Jay-Z, see December 4th (song. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  7. ^ 51 Pegasi, SIMBAD query result. For the missile mounting see Mistral missile SIMBAD (the S et of I dentifications M easurements and B ibliography for Accessed on line December 4, 2007. "December 4th" redirects here For the song by Jay-Z, see December 4th (song. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  8. ^ What Color Are the Stars?, Mitchell N. Charity's webpage, accessed November 25, 2007
  9. ^ SIMBAD, entry for Aldebaran, accessed on line June 19, 2007. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. For the missile mounting see Mistral missile SIMBAD (the S et of I dentifications M easurements and B ibliography for Aldebaran ( α Tau α Tauri Alpha Tauri is the brightest star in the constellation Taurus and one of the brightest stars in the nighttime sky Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

External links

See also

Solar-Type, Solar Analog, and Solar Twin stars are those stars that are particularly similar to the Sun, with solar twin being more similar than solar analog According to the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a red dwarf star is a small and relatively cool Star, of the Main sequence, either late K Brown dwarfs are sub- stellar objects with a mass below that necessary to maintain Hydrogen -burning Nuclear fusion reactions in their cores as do stars A K V star is a Main sequence ( Hydrogen -burning Star of spectral type K and luminosity class V
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