GIMP
GIMP 2. 4 running on GNOME. A gnome is a Mythical creature characterized by its extremely small size and subterranean lifestyle
Developed by	The GIMP Development Team
Initial release	1995
Stable release	2.4.6  (May 30, 2008 (2008-05-30); 12 days ago) [+/−]
Preview release	2.5  (April 10, 2008 (2008-04-10); 62 days ago) [+/−]
Written in	C
Platform	Cross-platform
Available in	Multilingual[1]
Development status	Active
Genre	Raster graphics editor
License	GNU General Public License
Website	www.gimp.org

The Gnu Image Manipulation Program, or GIMP, is a raster graphics editor used to process digital graphics and photographs. A software developer is a person or organization concerned with facets of the software development process wider than design and coding a somewhat broader scope of A software release is the distribution whether public or private of an initial or new and upgraded version of a Computer software product Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common A software release is the distribution whether public or private of an initial or new and upgraded version of a Computer software product Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common A programming language is an Artificial language that can be used to write programs which control the behavior of a machine particularly a Computer. tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured In Computing, a platform describes some sort of Hardware architecture or Software framework (including Application frameworks, that allows In computing cross-platform (also known as multi-platform) is a term used to refer to Computer software or computing methods and concepts that are implemented A language is a dynamic set of visual auditory or tactile Symbols of Communication and the elements used to manipulate them Computer software can be organized into categories based on common function type or field of use A raster graphics editor is a Computer program that allows users to paint and edit Pictures interactively on the computer screen and save them in one A software license (or software licence in commonwealth usage is a Legal instrument governing the usage or redistribution of copyright protected software A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A raster graphics editor is a Computer program that allows users to paint and edit Pictures interactively on the computer screen and save them in one Typical uses include creating graphics and logos, resizing and cropping photos, altering colours, combining multiple images, removing unwanted image features, and converting between different image formats. A logo ( Greek el λογότυπος = el-Latn logotypos is a graphical element ( Ideogram, Symbol, Emblem, Icon, Sign) ^[2] GIMP can also be used to create basic animated images in GIF format. It is often used as a free software replacement for Adobe Photoshop, the most widely used bitmap editor in the printing and graphics industries; however, it is not designed to be a Photoshop clone. ^[3] The project's mascot is named Wilber. The term mascot – defined as a term for any person animal or object thought to bring Luck – colloquially includes anything used to represent a group with a common Wilber is the official Mascot of the GIMP, a free Bitmap graphics editor.

The project was started in 1995 by Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis and is now maintained by a group of volunteers under the auspices of the GNU Project. Spencer Kimball is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP Peter Mattis is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP The GNU Project is a Free software, Mass collaboration project announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. ^[4] The latest version of GIMP, v. 2. 4. 6, was released on May 30, 2008. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Available under the terms of the GNU General Public License, GIMP is free software, however this (as with all software licensed under GPL) is a reference to your ability to modify the source-code, rather than be able to use it gratis. Free software or software libre is Software that can be used studied and modified without restriction and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified

Features

GIMP's manipulation tools can be accessed via the toolbox, menu paths, and dialog boxes (which can be grouped in docks). They include filters and brushes, as well as transformation, selection, layer and masking tools.

For example, GIMP comes with 48 standard brushes, plus facilities to create new ones. Brushes (and brush tools) can be used in hard-edged, soft-edged, or eraser modes, be applied at different opacities, or used with different modes for composition.

Color support

GIMP also has a palette with RGB, HSV, color wheel, CMYK, and mixing modes, plus tools to pick colors from the image with various averaging options. HSL and HSV are two related representations of points in an RGB color space, which attempt to describe perceptual color relationships more accurately than CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color There is support for hexadecimal color codes (as used in HTML). In Mathematics and Computer science, hexadecimal (also base -, hexa, or hex) is a Numeral system with a HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure (Note that 'CMYK' colors are immediately translated into RGB when used; GIMP does not have any built-in support for CMYK mixtures that cannot be represented in RGB, such as rich blacks, though they can be simulated to a limited extent with third-party add-ons. Rich black, in Printing, is an ink mixture of solid black over one or more of the other ( CMYK) colors )

GIMP supports gradients, which integrate into its other tools (such as brushes and fills) to shade image areas with automated color blending. In Graphics software for Digital image editing, the term gradient is used for a gradual blend of colour which can be considered as an even gradation It includes a variety of built-in gradients, and as with the brushes, also allows the user to customize and create their own gradient fills.

Selection and masking tools

GIMP can perform rectangular or circular selection, freehand selection, and "by color" selection. Alternatively, the Smart Selection tool, known as the "Magic Wand", can be used to select contiguous regions. The Intelligent Scissors (iScissors) tool can be used to auto-create paths between regions defined by strong color-changes. the 'Foreground select' tool is available since 2. 4 uses vision science to select an object in the foreground with some few mouse strokes by the user.

GIMP has support for layers, including transparent layers, which can be shown, hidden, or made semitransparent. It also supports transparent and semitransparent images. Channels add different types of opacity and color effects to images.

Paths

Paths containing line segments or Bezier curves can be created using the Path tool. In the mathematical field of Numerical analysis, a Bézier curve is a Parametric curve important in Computer graphics and related fields Paths can be named, saved, and painted (or "stroked") with brushes, patterns, or various line styles. Paths can also be used to create complex selections.

Effects, scripts and filters

GIMP has approximately 150 standard effects and filters, including Drop Shadow, Blur, Motion blur and Noise.

GIMP operations can be automated with scripting languages. "Scripting" redirects here For other uses see Script. A Scheme interpreter named Script-Fu is built in (but switched to TinyScheme as of GIMP 2. Scheme is a Multi-paradigm programming language. It is one of the two main dialects of Lisp and supports a number of programming paradigms but is Script-Fu is a scripting extension for the GIMP, a bitmap graphics editor TinyScheme is a Free software implementation of the Scheme programming language with a lightweight Scheme interpreter of a subset of the R5RS standard 4. ), and external Perl, Python, or Tcl can be used. NOTES FOR EDITORS "Perl" is not an acronym (read the "Name" section below Python is a general-purpose High-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes programmer productivity and code readability Tcl (originally from "Tool Command Language" but nonetheless conventionally rendered as "Tcl" rather than "TCL" pronounced as " tickle " Ruby support is in experimental development. Ruby is a dynamic, reflective, general purpose Object-oriented programming language that combines syntax inspired by Perl with Smalltalk These scripts and plugins for GIMP can be used interactively, or combined non-interactively.

Development

GIMP is primarily developed by unpaid volunteers. The GIMP project uses a development branch of GIMP where new features are added regularly and a stable branch which only receives bug fixes between major versions. Like other free software projects the stable and development branches are denoted with even and odd numbers respectively after the first decimal point in the version number. The current stable version of GIMP is 2.4.6  (May 30, 2008 (2008-05-30); 12 days ago). Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The current development version of GIMP is 2. 5. 0. Major changes from version 1. 2 to version 2. 2 included a more polished user interface, further separation of the user interface and back-end and the ability to use brushes that would normally only be able to be used on Photoshop programs. Major changes from version 2. 2 to version 2. 4 included color management support, scalable brushes, new and rewritten selection tools and overall user interface changes. ^[5]

For the future it is planned to base GIMP on a more generic graphical library called GEGL, thereby addressing some fundamental design limitations that prevent many enhancements such as native CMYK support. GEGL ( Generic Graphical Library) is a Programming library under development for Image processing applications CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color Implementation of this plan was continually put off from 2000 until October 2006, when developer Øyvind Kolås demonstrated a limited working version of GEGL, including a new graphical interface, that had been developed by Sven Neumann, Michael Natterer, and Kolås. Sven Neumann is credited with keeping the GIMP software project going for many years ^[6]

GIMP's user interface is built using GTK+, a widget toolkit originally written for the program. GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a Cross-platform Widget toolkit for creating Graphical user interfaces It is one of the most popular toolkits A widget toolkit, widget library, or GUI toolkit is a set of widgets for use in designing applications with Graphical user interfaces (GUIs GTK+, as the GIMP Toolkit, was initially a part of the GIMP source tree, but has since been refactored due to its usefulness outside the scope of GIMP. GTK+ is also used as the widget toolkit for the GNOME desktop environment. A gnome is a Mythical creature characterized by its extremely small size and subterranean lifestyle GTK+ was intended as a replacement for Motif, a proprietary toolkit on which GIMP originally depended. In computing Motif refers to both a Graphical user interface (GUI specification and the Widget toolkit for building applications that follow that specification Proprietary software is Computer software on which the producer has set restrictions on use private modification copying, or republishing. GIMP and GTK+ were originally designed for the X Window System running on Unix-like operating systems, but have since been ported to Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, and SkyOS. A Unix-like (sometimes shortened to *nix) Operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system while not necessarily conforming An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently SkyOS (skaɪ o s is a modern graphical desktop Operating system written for the X86 Computer architecture.

Release history

Based in part on GIMP - History. ^[7]

Colour	Meaning
Red	Old release; not supported
Yellow	Old release; still supported
Green	Current version
Blue	Future release

Major Version	Minor Version(s)	Release Date	Code Name	Significant Changes
0. x	0. 54 - 0. 99. 31	February 15, 1996		?
1. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) 0. x	1. 0. 0 - 1. 0. 3	June 5, 1998		?
1. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) 2. x	1. 2. 0 - 1. 2. 5	December 25, 2000		Improvements of user interface, bug fixes. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.
2. 0. x	2. 0. 0 - 2. 0. 6	March 23, 2004		Many new tool options, GIMP now using GTK2+ graphical toolkit, not GTK+. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Tabs and Docks system introduced. Script-fu scripting support improved greatly. Allows already-created text to be edited. CMYK color support.
2. 2. x	2. 2. 0 - 2. 2. 17	December 19, 2004		New plugins support, keyboard shortcut editor, previews for transform tools. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " New GIMP hardware controllers support. Drag/drop and copy/paste from GIMP to other applications improved.
2.4.x	2. 4. 0	October 24, 2007		Color management support, scalable brushes, new and rewritten selection tools and overall user interface changes (new icon theme). Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Increased file format support. Full screen editing, and new crop tools. Improved printing quality. Improved interface for external device input.
	2. 4. 1	October 31, 2007		Bugfixes?
	2. Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 4. 2	November 20, 2007		Bugfixes?
	2. Events 284 - Diocletian was chosen as Roman Emperor. 762 - Bögü Khan of the Uyghurs, Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 4. 3	December 16, 2007		Bugfixes?
	2. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 4. 4	January 30, 2008		Bugfixes?
	2. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 4. 5	March 1, 2008		Bugfixes. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
	2. 4. 6	May 30, 2008		Bugfixes. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
2. 6. x
	2. 6. 0	planned		GEGL, and first iteration of UI redesign

Distribution

GIMP is available for a variety of operating systems and computer architectures. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination In Computer engineering, computer architecture is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a Computer system There are a number of variations and derivative programs, including ports to other operating systems and forks with task- or OS-specific modifications. See also Software portability In Computer science, porting is the process of adapting software so that an executable program can be created The GIMP website does not distribute compiled versions of GIMP, only the project's source code. A compiler is a Computer program (or set of programs that translates text written in a computer language (the source language) into another In Computer science, source code (commonly just source or code) is any sequence of statements or declarations written in some Human-readable

GIMP is included as the standard image editor on most general purpose Linux distributions, including Debian GNU/Linux, ubuntu, Mandriva, SUSE, and Fedora. A Linux distribution (also called GNU/Linux by distributions such as Debian, Fedora, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Mandriva and Debian ( pronounced) is a computer Operating system composed entirely of Free and open source software. Ubuntu Kubuntu Edubuntu Xubuntu Gobuntu --> Ubuntu Mandriva SA is a publicly traded (symbolMDKFF Linux and Open source Software company with its headquarters in Paris, France and SUSE (ˈsuːsə German ˈzuːzə is a major retail Operating system, produced worldwide and supported by Novell Inc The Fedora Operating system is an RPM -based general purpose Linux distribution, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored

A port of GIMP to Microsoft Windows was started by Finnish programmer Tor "tml" Lillqvist in 1997. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. The GIMP website links to binary installers compiled by Jernej Simončič for the platform. ^[8]

Variants

GIMPVS is a GTK+ and GIMP Distribution compiled using Microsoft compilers. The Distribution aims at providing artists a stable GIMP on Microsoft platforms and developers access to GTK+ and GIMP development directly from Microsoft Visual Studio (2005 and 2008 editions). The latest GTK libraries are included GTK 2. 15. 0 comes ready to use in both Debug and Release versions ^[9]

Seashore is a program based on GIMP for Mac that uses the native Cocoa interface in Mac OS X. Seashore is an image editor for Mac OS X, which was influenced by the GIMP and written using the Cocoa API The program is currently in beta (0. 1. 9) and includes only a small subset of the many filters available in GIMP.

Gimp. app provides a self-contained application bundle of GIMP for Mac OS X. Gimp. app has many features that Seashore does not have, but being built upon the GTK for its GUI features, it requires a version of Apple's X11 to run it. GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a Cross-platform Widget toolkit for creating Graphical user interfaces It is one of the most popular toolkits ^[10]

A project named osx-gimp provides native builds of GIMP on Mac OS X using GTK+ built for Quartz. It is mostly functional, but there is currently limited support for the Quartz backend of GTK+, and it is considered a beta version. ^[11]

CinePaint, formerly known as "Film Gimp", is a fork of GIMP version 1. CinePaint is an Open source Computer program for painting and retouching Bitmap frames of movie Film. In Software engineering, a project fork happens when developers take a copy of Source code from one software package and start independent development 0. 4, used for frame-by-frame retouching of feature film. The present "Film Gimp" version supports up to 32-bit IEEE-floating point color depth/channel. Color depth. or bit depth, is a Computer graphics term describing the number of Bits used to represent the Color of a single Pixel Unlike GIMP, CinePaint has support for color management, HDR, and much more. CinePaint is used primarily within the film industry due mainly to its support of high-fidelity image formats. The film industry consists of the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking i

Interface and usability

As an application originally intended only for the X Window System, GIMP does not attempt to manage its own windows, but entirely delegates this responsibility to the window manager. An X window manager is a Window manager which runs on top of the X Window System, a Windowing system mainly used on Unix-like systems GIMP uses a (controlled) single document interface, and it also uses multiple windows for its tools, color palette, and so forth. In Graphical user interfaces a single document interface or SDI is a method of organizing graphical user interface applications into individual windows that the This behaviour is not well supported on most platforms because most programs use either a multiple document interface or an SDI with integrated toolbars. Graphical computer applications with a Multiple Document Interface (MDI are those whose windows reside under a single parent window (usually with the exception of Modal windows The GIMP approach avoids the MDI problem of windows being constrained within a larger window, without requiring the additional code that most other applications use to solve this problem; but it is also a frequent cause of criticism. It generally leads to desktop clutter, and to the situation where the toolbox and layer windows end up hidden behind other unrelated applications, forcing users to manage the windows themselves. A partial solution is available by choosing a window manager that implements certain very particular functionality; however, this functionality is not available at all on Microsoft Windows, and is also not present in popular Linux window managers such as Compiz Fusion. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks Compiz Fusion is a collection of plugins and a configuration system for the Compiz Compositing window manager for the X Window System. In recognition of these issues, the GIMP developers have been investigating other solutions, and future versions of the program are expected to introduce a better interface.

GIMPshop is a modification to GIMP, rearranging its user interface to mimic that of Adobe Photoshop by renaming functions and rearranging menus; on Windows this also includes the use of a multiple document interface. GIMPshop is a modification of the free / Open source graphics program GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP, intended to replicate the feel of Adobe

GIMP is often criticized as having other usability problems. ^[12] A special edition called Instrumented GIMP was created at the University of Waterloo, which tracks and reports user interaction with the program, to generate statistics to guide future improvements. Instrumented GIMP (ingimp is a special edition of the GIMP application (not a plug-in which reports real-time usage data to the project's servers for the purpose of improving The University of Waterloo (also referred to as UW and Waterloo) is a comprehensive Public university in the city of Waterloo, Ontario

Comparison and compatibility with Adobe Photoshop

GIMP is sometimes preferred as a replacement for the proprietary Adobe Photoshop software. Thus, comparisons between the two are often a topic of spirited debate. ^[13] There are significant differences between the two packages. For example, Photoshop is not compatible with GIMP plugins or scripts. GIMP features offer no or (with the PSPI plug-in) very weak support for plugins designed for Photoshop, such as 8BF filters. 8BF, sometimes known as a Photoshop plugin, is a file format for plugins used by many raster graphics editors including Adobe Photoshop, ^[14]

Photoshop does not support GIMP's native XCF file format, but GIMP can read and write most Photoshop native PSD format files. XCF, short for EXperimental Computing Facility, is the native image format of the GIMP image-editing program

Like Photoshop, GIMP features support for 8-bit per-channel images. Its Intelligent Scissors are similar to Photoshop's Magnetic Lasso tool, and many basic tools and filters have identical functionality in both.

GIMP and Photoshop differ in their color management features in ways that matter to some users. In digital imaging systems color management is the controlled conversion between the Color representations of various devices such as Image scanners Digital Photoshop has support for 16-bit, 32-bit, and floating point images,^[15] support for the Pantone color matching system, or spot color and support for color models other than RGB(A) and greyscale, such as CMYK and CIE XYZ. In Computing, floating point describes a system for numerical representation in which a string of digits (or Bits represents a Real number. Pantone Inc is a corporation headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey, USA A Color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way Colors can be represented as Tuples of numbers typically as three or four values or color components In Offset printing, a spot color is any color generated by an Ink (pure or mixed that is printed using a single run. A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way Colors can be represented as Tuples of numbers typically as three or four values or color components CMYK (short for '''c'''yan, '''m'''agenta, '''y'''ellow, and k ey ( Black) and often referred to as process color In the study of the perception of Color, one of the first mathematically defined Color spaces was the CIE 1931 XYZ color space (also known as CIE 1931 color space GIMP, like other open source applications, does not support Pantone numbers for spot colors because of legal issues;^[16] it has basic CMYK support. ^[17] Photoshop features extensive gamma correction support. Gamma correction, gamma nonlinearity, gamma encoding, or often simply gamma, is the name of a nonlinear operation used to code and decode luminance

In addition, Photoshop contains several productivity features and tools not supported by GIMP, such as native support for Adjustment layers (layers which act like filters),^[18] undo history "snapshots" that persist between sessions, the history brush tool, folders in the layer window, layer styles, a free transform tool to rotate, scale and move in one tool, and text blending options like drop shadow and glow. Layers are used in Digital image editing to separate different elements of an image GIMP also requires basic programming knowledge to build an automation upon it, usually Script-Fu (scheme) or Python-Fu, while Photoshop can record the user's actions and repeat them with a "Play" button. However, Photoshop's automation is not as powerful as GIMP's. ^[19]

GIMP's open development model means that it is much more readily available and at zero cost, on more operating systems, plugin development is not limited by developers and as such has no need to compete with Photoshop; by comparison, access to Adobe Photoshop's SDK requires authorization^[20] and the commercially produced software is in competition with Corel Paint Shop Pro as well as the other Open Source, GNU or otherwise freely available manipulation applications. An operating system (commonly abbreviated OS and O/S) is the software component of a Computer system that is responsible for the management and coordination Paint Shop Pro ( PSP) is a Raster graphics editor and later in the series a Vector graphics editor for computers running the Microsoft Windows Open source is a development methodology which offers practical accessibility to a product's source (goods and knowledge GNU ( pronounced) is a computer Operating system composed entirely of Free software.

File types

GIMP has support for opening and saving to a large number of different file formats. A file format is a particular way to encode information for storage in a Computer file. ^[21] Its native format is XCF, named after the computing facility where GIMP was authored. XCF, short for EXperimental Computing Facility, is the native image format of the GIMP image-editing program

GIMP has read/write support for popular image formats such as bitmap, JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF, along with the file formats of several other applications such as Autodesk flic animations, Paintshop Pro images and Adobe Photoshop Documents. In Computer graphics, a bitmap or pixmap is a type of memory organization or Image file format used to store Digital images The Portable Network Graphics ( PNG) is a bitmapped image format that employs Lossless data compression. Autodesk Inc ( is an American Multinational corporation that focuses on 2D and 3D design Software for use in architecture engineering Paint Shop Pro ( PSP) is a Raster graphics editor and later in the series a Vector graphics editor for computers running the Microsoft Windows Other formats with read/write support include PostScript documents, X bitmap image and Zsoft PCX. PostScript ( PS) is a dynamically typed concatenative Programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982 PCX is an image file format developed by the ZSoft Corporation of Marietta Georgia USA GIMP can also read and write path information from SVG files. GIMP can also read/write ICO Windows icon files. The ICO file format is an image File format used for icons in Microsoft Windows.

GIMP can import Adobe PDF documents and the raw image formats used by many digital cameras, but cannot save to these formats. A raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of a Digital camera or Image scanner. Many compact digital still cameras can record Sound and moving Video as well as still Photograph.

GIMP can export to MNG layered image files and HTML (as a table with coloured cells), C source code files (as an array) and ASCII Art (using a plugin to represent images with characters and punctuation making up images), though it cannot read these formats. Multiple-image Network Graphics ( MNG, ˈmɪŋ is a public Graphics file format for animated images HTML, an initialism of HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant Markup language for Web pages It provides a means to describe the structure tags please moot on the talk page first! --> In Computing, C is a general-purpose cross-platform block structured History Typewriter art Since 1867 typewriters have been used for creating visual art

History

GIMP originally stood for General Image Manipulation Program. ^[22] Its creators, Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis, began developing GIMP as a semester-long project at the University of California, Berkeley in 1995. Spencer Kimball is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP Peter Mattis is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP The University of California Berkeley (also referred to as Cal, Berkeley and UC Berkeley) is a major research university located in Berkeley ^[23] The name was changed to the GNU Image Manipulation Program in 1997, after Kimball and Mattis had graduated, when it became an official part of the GNU Project. The GNU Project is a Free software, Mass collaboration project announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. ^[24]

GIMP 0. 54

GIMP 0. 54 was released in January 1996. ^[25][26] It required X11 displays, an X-server that supported the X shared memory extension and Motif 1.2 widgets. In computing Motif refers to both a Graphical user interface (GUI specification and the Widget toolkit for building applications that follow that specification It supported 8, 15, 16 and 24-bit color depths, dithering for 8-bit displays and could view images as rgb color, grayscale or indexed color. Color depth. or bit depth, is a Computer graphics term describing the number of Bits used to represent the Color of a single Pixel Dither is an intentionally applied form of Noise, used to randomize Quantization error, thereby preventing large-scale patterns such as contouring that are more objectionable In Computing, a grayscale or greyscale Digital image is an image in which the value of each Pixel In computing indexed color is a technique to manage Digital images colors in a limited fashion in order to save computer's memory and file storage It could simultaneously edit multiple images, zoom and pan in real-time, and supported GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF and XPM images. Portable Network Graphics ( PNG) is a bitmapped image format that employs Lossless data compression. X Pixmap ( XPM) is an ASCII -text-based image format used by the X Window System. ^[22]

Even at this early stage of development GIMP functionality was extensive. It could select regions using rectangle, ellipse, free, fuzzy, bezier and intelligent selection tools, and rotate, scale, shear and flip images. It had bucket, brush and airbrush painting tools, and could clone, convolve and blend images. It had text tools, effects filters (such as blur and edge detect) and channel and color operations (such as add, composite, decompose). The plugin system allowed for addition of new file formats and new effect filters. It supported multiple undo and redo operations. ^[22]

It ran on Linux 1. Linux (commonly pronounced ˈlɪnəks 2. 13, Solaris 2. Solaris is a Unix -based Operating system introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1992 as the successor to SunOS. 4, HP-UX 9. HP-UX (Hewlett Packard UniX is Hewlett-Packard 's proprietary implementation of the Unix Operating system, based on System V (initially 05, SGI IRIX operating systems. Silicon Graphics Inc (commonly initialised to SGI, historically sometimes referred to as Silicon Graphics Computer Systems or SGCS) is a company IRIX is a computer Operating system developed by Silicon Graphics Inc ^[22] It was rapidly adopted by users^[27][28] who created tutorials, displayed artwork and shared techniques. ^[25][26] An early success for the GIMP was the Linux penguin Tux, as drawn by Larry Ewing using Gimp 0. Larry Ewing is a US computer programmer who is known as the creator of the Linux mascot Tux. 54. ^[29] By July 5, 1996 the volume of messages posted to the mailing list had risen and the mailing list was split into two lists, gimp-developer and gimp-user. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Currently, user questions are directed to the gimpnet irc channel. ^[25][26]

GIMP . 60

GIMP 0. 60 was released on June 6, 1997^[30] using the GNU General Public License. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar ^[31] According to the release notes, Peter Mattis was working for Hewlett-Packard and Spencer Kimball was working as a java programmer. Peter Mattis is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP Spencer Kimball is a Computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP ^[32]

GIMP 0. 60 no longer depended on the Motif toolkit. In computing Motif refers to both a Graphical user interface (GUI specification and the Widget toolkit for building applications that follow that specification Improvements had been made to the painting tools, airbrush, channel operations, palettes, blend tool modes, image panning and transformation tools. The editing workflow was improved by enabling rulers, cutting and pasting between all image types, cloning between all image types and ongoing development of a layers dialog.

New tools included new brushes (and a new brush file format), grayscale and RGB transparency,"Bucket fill" patterns and a pattern selection dialog, integrated paint modes, border, feather and color selectors, a pencil and eraser paint tool, gamma adjustments and a limited layer move tool.

The new widgets were managed by Peter Mattis and were called GTK for GIMP toolkit and GDK for GIMP drawing kit. ^[32]

GIMP 0. 99

The biggest change in the GIMP 0. 99 release was in the GIMP toolkit (GTK). GTK was redesigned to be object oriented and renamed from GTK to GTK+. Object-oriented design is part of OO methodology and it forces programmers to think in terms of objects, rather than procedures when they plan their code The pace of development slowed when Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis found employment. ^[25][26]

GIMP 1. 0

GIMP 1. 0. 0 was released on June 2, 1998^[33] GIMP and GTK+ split into separate projects during the GIMP 1. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) 0 release. GIMP 1. 0 included a new tile based memory management system which enabled editing of larger images and a change in the plug-in API (Application programming interface) allowed scripts to be safely called from other scripts and to be self documenting. GIMP 1. 0 also introduced a native file format (xcf) with support for layers, guides and selections (active channels).

An official website was constructed for GIMP during the 1. 0 series, designed by Adrian Likins and Jens Lautenbacher, now found at classic.gimp.org which provided introductory tutorials and additional resources. ^[34] On April 13, 1997, GIMP News was started by Zach Beane, a site that announced plug-ins, tutorials and articles written about GIMP. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar May 1997, Seth Burgess started GIMP Bugs, the first 'electronic bug list'. ^[25][26]

Marc Lehmann^[35] developed a perl scripting plug-in. ^[36][37][38] Web interfaces were possible with the GIMP 1. 0 series, and GIMP Net-fu^[39] can still be used for online graphics generation. ^[40]

GIMP 1. 1

The GIMP 1. 1 series focused on fixing bugs and porting to Windows. The Windows API, informally WinAPI, is Microsoft's core set of Application programming interfaces (APIs available in the Microsoft Windows Operating No official release occurred during this series. Following this the odd numbered series (eg 1. 1) of GIMP releases were considered unstable development releases and even numbered releases (eg 1. 2) were considered stable releases. By this time, GTK+ had become a significant project and many of GIMP's original developers turned to GTK+ development. GTK+, or The GIMP Toolkit, is a Cross-platform Widget toolkit for creating Graphical user interfaces It is one of the most popular toolkits These included Owen Taylor (author of GIMP ifsCompose),^[41] Federico Mena,^[42] Tim Janik,^[43] Shawn Amundson and others. GNOME also attracted GIMP developers. A gnome is a Mythical creature characterized by its extremely small size and subterranean lifestyle The primary GIMP developers during this period were Manish Singh, Michael Natterer^[44] ,Sven Neumann^[45] and Tor Lillqvist^[45] who primarily fixed issues so that GIMP could run on Win32. Sven Neumann is credited with keeping the GIMP software project going for many years The Windows API, informally WinAPI, is Microsoft's core set of Application programming interfaces (APIs available in the Microsoft Windows Operating ^[46]

GIMP 1. 2

GIMP 1. 2. 0 was released on December 25, 2000. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. GIMP 1. 2 had a new development team of Manish Singh, Sven Neumann and Mitch Natterer and others. GIMP 1. 2 offered internationalization options, improved installation dialogs, many bug fixes (in GIMP and GTK+), overhauled plug-ins, reduced memory leaks and reorganized menus. ^[47] New plug-ins included GIMPressionist, Sphere Designer, by Vidar Madsen,^[48] Image Map by Maurits Rijk^[49] GFlare by Eiichi Takamori, Warp by John P. Beale, Stephen Robert Norris and Federico Mena Quintero, Sample Colorize and Curve Bend by Wolfgang Hofer. New tools included a new path tool, a new airbrush tool, a resizable toolbox, enhanced pressure support, a measure tool, dodge, burn and smudge tools. New functionality included image pipes, jpeg save preview, a new image navigation window, scaled brush previews, selection to path, drag'n'drop, quickmask, a help browser, tear-off menus and the waterselect plug-in was integrated into the color-selector. ^[47]

The 1. 2 series was the final GIMP 1 series.

GIMP 2. 0

GIMP 2. 0. 0 was released on March 23, 2004. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The biggest visible change was the transition to the GTK+ 2 toolkit.

See also

• Comparison of raster graphics editors
• Linux color management
• Book on Wikibooks
• cinepaint, a GIMP-derived program used in movies. This is a comparison of Raster graphics editors sorted by availability Linux color management has the same goal as the color management systems (CMS for other operating systems to achieve the best possible color reproduction throughout an imaging CinePaint is an Open source Computer program for painting and retouching Bitmap frames of movie Film.

References

External links

• Official GIMP Web site
• Grokking the GIMP, an Online GIMP Book
• Freshmeat project page
• GIMP Print
• Wilber Loves Apple - GIMP for Mac OS X
• GIMP community project (news, tutorials)
• howTOgimp - news, tutorials, downloads, blogs and forums to help learn the Gimp
• Cool Text – An online graphics generator powered by GIMP.
• Basics of GIMP Tools
• How to Draw a Straightline by Seth Burgess, read by Matt Croughton (MP3) (2003-07-27). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Retrieved on 2008-03-19. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.

External links from the early years

• http://www.xach.com/gimp/one-cd/
• http://vidar.gimp.org/gimp/index.php
• http://www.sunnyspot.org/gimp/scripts.html
• http://www.goof.com/pcg/marc/gimp.html
• http://www.jamesh.id.au/software/pygimp/
• http://www.gtk.org/~otaylor/xinput/howto/basic-information.html
• http://tml.pp.fi/gimp/
• http://www.shlomifish.org/lecture/Gimp/1/slides/intro/history.html
• http://www.nuclecu.unam.mx/~federico/gimp/el-the-gimp.html
• http://www.kirchgessner.net/gimp.html
• http://www.xach.com/gimp/gimp-tips.html
• http://xcf.berkeley.edu/~gimp/ last modified on Tue 7 October 1997 04:47:55 PM PDT

Events 3761 BC - The epoch (origin of the modern Hebrew calendar ( Proleptic Julian calendar) Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

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