| Górowo Iławeckie | |||
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  Górowo Iławeckie
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country |  Poland |
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| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian | ||
| County | Bartoszyce | ||
| Gmina | Górowo Iławeckie (urban gmina) | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 3. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Voivodeship The voivodeship or province (województwo has been a high-level Administrative subdivision of Poland since the 14th century Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (also known as Warmia-Masuria Province or by its Polish name województwo warmińsko-mazurskie or simply Warmińsko-Mazurskie A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County Bartoszyce County (powiat bartoszycki is a unit of territorial administration and local government ( Powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland The gmina or Municipality (frequently translated commune) plural gminy, is the principal unit (lowest level of territorial division in Poland Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 32 km² (1. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 3 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2006) | |||
| - Total | 4,554 | ||
| - Density | 1,371. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/km² (3,552. 7/sq mi) | ||
| Postal code | 11-220 | ||
| Website: http://www.gorowoilaweckie.pl/ | |||
Górowo Iławeckie [guˈrɔvɔ iwaˈvɛt͡skjɛ] (German: Landsberg (Ostpreußen)) is a town in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 4,550 inhabitants (2006). The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Bartoszyce County (powiat bartoszycki is a unit of territorial administration and local government ( Powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (also known as Warmia-Masuria Province or by its Polish name województwo warmińsko-mazurskie or simply Warmińsko-Mazurskie Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The town has a land area of 3. 32 km² and is the smallest municipality (gmina) in geographical extent in Poland. The gmina or Municipality (frequently translated commune) plural gminy, is the principal unit (lowest level of territorial division in Poland
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Early history
The town was methodical founded by the teutonic knights commander of Balga, Heinrich von Muro, on February 5, 1335 at the crossing of the streets Balga - Heilsberg and Bartenstein - Mehlsack in the heart of the Old Prussian region of Natangia. The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. Balga (замок Бальга Bałga was a medieval Castle of the Teutonic Knights. Lidzbark Warmiński (Heilsberg is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland. Bartoszyce (Bartenstein Baršteinas is a Town on the Łyna River in northeastern Poland with 25621 inhabitants (as of 2004 Pieniężno ( is a Town on the Wałsza River in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship of Poland. Prussian is an extinct Baltic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the area that later became East Prussia (now north-eastern Poland Natangians or Notangians ( Prussian: Notangi, Natanger Notangai was one of the eleven Clans of Prussian people, who lived in It has been largely destroyed in the wars of 1414 and 1456. In 1440 the town was a founding member of the Prussian Confederation trying to oppose the teutonic order. The Prussian Confederation (Preußischer Bund or Bund vor Gewalt; Związek Pruski was an organization formed in 1440 by a group of 53 gentry and clergy and 19 cities in After the battle of Grunwald / Tannenberg and caused by the economic weakness following this defeat the teutonic order wasn't able to pay off his debts to his hired freelancers anymore, for that reason the town was given as a pawn to Nikolaus von Taubenheim in 1482. The Battle of Grunwald (or 1st Battle of Tannenberg) took place on 15 July 1410 with the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led by Throughout the centuries the small town changed its landlords, at last the town was the property of the von Schwerin - family from 1664 to 1808.
In 1710 767 out of ca. 1000 inhabitants died of plague. Plague is a deadly Infectious disease caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis.
Napoleonic time
After the battle of Eylau in February 1807 French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte took lodging at the presbytery of the Lutheran church on 16. The Battle of Eylau or Battle of Preussisch-Eylau (February 7–8 1807 was a bloody and inconclusive battle between Napoléon's Grande Armée and Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. /17. February 1807, just a few days after the Russian General Bagration. The church itself was used as a camp for Russian POW captured at Eylau and at the preluding battle of Hoofe (Dworzno). 8000 wounded French soldiers were left in Landsberg. The town suffered from these battles and lost almost half of its inhabitants in the year 1807 due to hunger and diseases following this war, 400 inhabitants of the Landsberg region died only in February and march 1807. In 1809 the town counted only 1126 inhabitants and was rather a village.
In 1811 parts of the Napoleonic Grande Armee marched through Landsberg on their way to Russia. Roundabout 40. 000 French soldiers camped at the Landsberg area before marching on and had to be supplied with rations by the inhabitants.
20th century
In 1898 Landsberg was connected to the railway - line and in 1908 a municipal gas fabrication was established, which is today a technical museum.
In the beginning of WWI Russian troops conquered the town for a few days in late August 1914. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Caused on some shootings by German soldiers the post office, one house and several barns were burned down and 7 civilists were executed. A railway bridge was blown up. German troops reconquerred the town on September 2, 1914 without fighting.
In February 1945 the town and its periphery was the scene for fierce battles between the Wehrmacht and the Red Army, which finally conquered the town on 2. Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya February 1945. Because of the important street crossing a large number of civilists, trying to escape from East Prussia were captured here. East Prussia (Ostpreußen; Rytų Prūsija or Rytprūsiai; Prusy Wschodnie Восточная Пруссия or Vostochnaya Prussiya) refers to the main part On June 19, 1945 polish administration representatives came to the town and took over the administrative power from the soviet commandant.
Following the Potsdam Conference Gorowo became part of Poland and the German inhabitants were expelled to western Germany in 1946/47. The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, Germany, from July 16, The expulsion of Germans after World War II was the Forced migration and Ethnic cleansing of German nationals ( Reichsdeutsche) and ethnic
Next to Poles, especially from the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union, a remarkable size of people of ukranian nationality were settled by force of the polish state in the area of Gorowo throughout the Operation Wisla in 1947. After the Soviet invasion of Poland following the corresponding German invasion that marked the start of World War II in 1939 the Soviet Union annexed This article is about the 1947 deportation of Ukrainians by the Polish government Today a Ukrainian boarding school exists in Gorowo, the former Lutheran church is used by the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. History Before the Union of Brest See also History of Christianity in Ukraine The Ukrainian Catholic church did not exist as such until the
Twin towns
- Verden (Aller) ( Germany)
- Bagrationovsk ( Russia )
- Pustomyty ( Ukrain )
References
- Horst Schulz, Preußisch Eylau - eine Kreisstadt in Ostpreußen, Lübeck 1998 (German)
- Horst Schulz, Der Kreis Preußisch Eylau, Verden 1983 (German)
- Miroslaw Mycio, Monografia Miasta Gorowo Ilaweckie, Gorowo 2001
External links
- Official website (in Polish)
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