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Furniture music, or in French musique d’ameublement (sometimes more literally translated as furnishing music), is background music originally played by live performers. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Although background music was by the end of the 20th Century generally identified with Muzak or Elevator music, there are several stages in the development of this The term was coined by Erik Satie in 1917. Alfred Éric Leslie Satie ( Honfleur, 17 May 1866 – Paris, 1 July 1925) was a French Composer and Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year

Contents

Satie's compositions

The music

Although many other music by Erik Satie can be experienced (and is sometimes indicated as) furniture music, Satie applied the name only to five short pieces, composed in three separate sets:

The first set was apparently never performed (nor the score published) during Satie's lifetime. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D

The second set contained reminiscences of popular tunes by, amongst others, Camille Saint-Saëns and Ambroise Thomas. Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns (/ʃaʁl kamij sɛ̃sɑ̃s/ (9 October 1835 &ndash 16 December 1921 was a French Composer, Organist, conductor, and (Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas ( Metz August 5, 1811 - Paris, February 12, 1896) was a French Opera It was premiered in Paris the year it was composed, as intermission music to a lost comedy by Max Jacob. An intermission or interval is a break between two parts of performances or sessions in events such as a theatrical play, Opera or musical concert A list of comedies by medium and country of origin Television comedies Australia All Aussie Adventures Max Jacob ( July 12, 1876 &ndash March 5, 1944) was a French Poet, painter, Writer, and critic During these intermissions the audience was invited to visit an exposition of children's drawings in the gallery hosting the premiere.

Indications of the intentions of the artists giving the first performance are found in the manuscript of the score:

Furnishing divertissement organised by the group of musicians known as the "Nouveaux Jeunes"
Furnishing music replaces "waltzes" and "operatic fantasias" etc. Divertimento (from italian divertire - to amuse is a music genre with most of its examples stemming from the 18th century Les Six is a name inspired by The Five, given in 1923 by critic Henri Collet in an article titled ‘Les cinq Russes les The waltz is a ballroom and folk Dance in time, performed primarily in Closed position. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto The fantasia (also fantasy fancy Fantasie fantaisie is a musical composition with its roots in the art of Improvisation. Don't be confused! It's something else!!! No more "false music"
Furnishing music completes one's property;
it's new; it doesn't upset customs; it isn't tiring; it's French; it won't wear out; it isn't boring
--quoted in Gillmor, 1988, p 325-326

See also Entr'acte article for more details regarding the circumstances of this first, and only documented, public performance of furniture music during Satie's lifetime, assisted by the composer himself. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Alfred Éric Leslie Satie ( Honfleur, 17 May 1866 – Paris, 1 July 1925) was a French Composer and Entr'acte is French for "between the acts" (German Zwischenspiel, Italian Intermezzo)

The separate commissioned piece was sent to America. There are no known public performances or publications of this music prior to leaving the European continent. This piece is sometimes presented as furniture music No. 3.

As Satie's pieces of furniture music were, unlike Muzak, very short pieces, with an indefinite number of repeats, this kind of furniture music later became associated with repetitive music (sometimes used as a synonym of minimal music), but this kind of terminology did not yet exist in Satie's time. Repetitive music is Music which features a relatively high degree of Repetition in its creation or Reception. Minimalist music is an originally American genre of experimental or Downtown music named in the 1960s based mostly in consonant harmony, steady

Publication

For a quarter of a century after the composer's death, all of the furniture music pieces remained hidden for the general public, apart from being mentioned in early Satie biographies. By the end of the 1960s parts of the furniture music started to appear as facsimile illustrations to press articles and new Satie biographies. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 A facsimile (From Latin fac simile, "make like" is a copy or reproduction of an old Book, Manuscript, Map, The first full publication of sets 1 and 3 followed in the early 1970s. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. There was no full publication of the 2nd set before the last years of the 20th century.

Media

Revival

Several decades after Satie's death furniture music was revived, largely due to the American composer John Cage, as the composer's theory of minimalist background music. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> John Milton Cage Jr Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design especially Visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features Furniture music appeared as the launchpad for minimalist/experimental/avant-garde music since it was the first instance of music being played or produced out of context: not as a centerpiece but as a cerebral backdrop.

These and other related ideas were picked up by several composers of the neo-Classical/20th Century school of music, accentuating atmosphere and texture over traditional form and movement. The minimalist references and anachronisms weren't solidified until composer John Cage performed Satie's "hidden" piece Vexations 840 times as requested by Satie's own scribbled notes on the original sheet music. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> John Milton Cage Jr Vexations is a noted musical work by Erik Satie. It consists of a short chordal passage and a bass line which is repeated twice in each repetition of the

External links

See also

Ambient music is a Musical genre in which sound is more important than notes
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