Furniture is the mass noun for the movable objects which may support the human body (seating furniture and beds), provide storage, or hold objects on horizontal surfaces above the ground. In Linguistics, a mass noun (also uncountable noun or non-count noun) is a common Noun that presents entities as an unbounded mass A bed is a piece of Furniture (or a location primarily used as a place to Sleep, and often used for Relaxation. Storage furniture (which often makes use of doors, drawers, and shelves) is used to hold or contain smaller objects such as clothes, tools, books, and household goods. (See List of furniture types. Furniture includes objects such as tables chairs beds desks dressers cupboards etc )
Furniture can be a product of artistic design and is considered a form of decorative art. The decorative arts are traditionally defined as ornamental and functional works in Ceramic, Wood, Glass, Metal, or Textile. In addition to furniture's functional role, it can serve a symbolic or religious purpose. Domestic furniture works to create, in conjunction with furnishings such as clocks and lighting, comfortable and convenient interior spaces. The decorative arts are traditionally defined as ornamental and functional works in Ceramic, Wood, Glass, Metal, or Textile. Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput, or Clock is a gene which encodes proteins regulating Circadian rhythm. Lighting includes both artificial Light sources such as lamps and natural illumination of interiors from Daylight. Furniture can be made from many materials, including metal, plastic, and wood.
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History
Furniture has been a part of the human experience since the development of non-nomadic cultures. Evidence of furniture from antiquity survives in the form of paintings, such as the wall Murals discovered at Pompeii; sculpture, and examples have been excavated in Egypt and found in tombs in Ghiordes, in modern day Turkey. "Ancient" redirects here For other uses see Ancient_(disambiguation. Painting (pān'tīng in Art, is the practice of applying Color to a Surface (support base such as e A mural is a Painting on a wall ceiling or other large permanent surface Pompeii is a ruined and partially buried Roman town-city near modern Naples and Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, in This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches
The Classical World
Early furniture has been excavated from the 8th-century B. C. Phrygian tumulus, the Midas Mound, in Gordion, Turkey. In antiquity Phrygia (Φρυγία was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now modern-day Turkey. A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a Mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves Gordium (Greek Gordion, Turkish Gordiyon) was the capital of ancient Phrygia. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Pieces found here include tables and inlaid serving stands. A table is a form of Furniture composed of a surface supported by a base usually four legs There are also surviving works from the 9th-8th-century B. C. Assyrian palace of Nimrud. Early history The most Neolithic site in Assyria is at Tell Hassuna, the center of the Hassuna culture Nimrud is an ancient Assyrian city located south of Nineveh on the river Tigris. The earliest surviving carpet, the Pazyryk Carpet was discovered in a frozen tomb in Siberia and has been dated between the 6th and 3rd century B. The Pazyryk (Пазарык is the name of an ancient Nomadic people who lived in the Altai Mountains lying in Siberian Russia south of the modern city Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving C. . Recovered Ancient Egyptian furniture includes a 3rd millennium B. Ancient Egypt was an Ancient Civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now C. bed discovered in the Tarkhan Tomb, a c. A bed is a piece of Furniture (or a location primarily used as a place to Sleep, and often used for Relaxation. 2550 B. C. gilded set from the tomb of Queen Hetepheres, and a c. Gilding is the art of applying a thin layer of gold simulated gold or other metal to a surface Queen Hetepheres I was the sister and wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh Snefru, and mother of Khufu, and is thought to have been the daughter of 1550 B. C. stool from Thebes. Thebes ( Thēbai) was a city in Ancient Egypt located about 800 km south of the Mediterranean on the east bank of the river Nile ( Ancient Greek furniture design beginning in the 2nd millennium B. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c C. , including beds and the klismos chair, is preserved not only by extant works, but by images on Greek vases. A bed is a piece of Furniture (or a location primarily used as a place to Sleep, and often used for Relaxation. Thanks to its hardy nature pottery bulks large in the archaeological record of Ancient Greece, and because we have so much of it (some 100000 vases are recorded in the Corpus The 1738 and 1748 excavations of Herculaneum and Pompeii introduced Roman furniture, preserved in the ashes of the 79 A. Herculaneum (in modern Italian Ercolano) is an ancient Roman town located in the territory of the current commune of Ercolano. Pompeii is a ruined and partially buried Roman town-city near modern Naples and Caserta in the Italian region of Campania, in D. eruption of Vesuvius, to the eighteenth century. Mount Vesuvius (in Italian Monte Vesuvio and in Latin Mons Vesuvius) is an active Stratovolcano east of Naples
Early Modern Europe
The furniture of the Middle Ages was usually heavy, oak, and ornamented with carved designs. The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin Along with the other arts, the Italian Renaissance of the fourteenth and fifteenth century marked a rebirth in design, often inspired by the Greco-Roman tradition. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere In modern Olympic and amateur Wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling is a particular style and variation A similar explosion of design, and renaissance of culture in general, occurred in Northern Europe, starting in the fifteenth century. The seventeenth century, in both Southern and Northern Europe, was characterized by opulent, often gilded Baroque designs that frequently incorporated a profusion of vegetal and scrolling ornament. Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc Starting in the eighteenth century, furniture designs began to develop more rapidly. Although there were some styles that belonged primarily to one nation, such as Palladianism in Great Britain, others, such as the Rococo and Neoclassicism were perpetuated throughout Western Europe. PLEASE DO NOT ADD AN INFO BOX TO THIS PAGE --> Palladian architecture is a European style of Architecture derived from the designs of the Italian See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands Rococo is a style of 18th century French art and Interior design. Neoclassicism (sometimes rendered as Neo-Classicism or Neo-classicism) is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and
19th Century
The nineteenth century is usually defined by concurrent revival styles, including Gothic, Neoclassicism, Rococo, and the Eastlake Movement. Architectural styles classify Architecture in terms of Form, techniques, Materials, time period region etc The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement which began The Eastlake Movement was a Nineteenth century architectural and household design reform movement started by Architect and writer Charles Eastlake (1836&ndash1906 The design reform of the late century introduced the Aesthetic movement and the Arts and Crafts movement. This article is about aestheticism a term with a root meaning of sensuous Not to be confused with the religious practice of Asceticism: an abstinence from the sensual The Arts and Crafts Movement was a British, Canadian, and American Aesthetic movement occurring in the last years of the 19th century and the Art Nouveau was influenced by both of these movements. Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international
Modernism
The first three-quarters of the twentieth century are often seen as the march towards Modernism. Modernism describes an array of Cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century Art Deco, De Stijl, Bauhaus, Wiener Werkstätte, and Vienna Secession designers all worked to some degree within the Modernist idiom. Art Deco was a popular international design movement from 1925 until 1939 affecting the decorative arts such as Architecture, Interior design, and Industrial For the album by The White Stripes see De Stijl (album. De Stijl (in English, generally də ˈstaɪl after style; from the ("House of Building" or "Building School" is the common term for the, a school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts and was famous With the foundation of the Wiener Werkstätte in 1903 a new artistic style was born that came to be known as the Wiener-Werkstätte-Stil The Vienna Secession (also known as the Union of Austrian Artists, or Vereiningung Bildender Künstler Österreichs) was formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian artists Postmodern design, intersecting the Pop art movement, gained steam in the 1960s and 70s, promoted in the 80s by groups such as the Italy-based Memphis movement. Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement' While " Modern " itself refers to something "related to the present" the movement of modernism Pop Art is a visual Art movement that emerged in the mid 1950s in Britain and in parallel in the late 1950s in the United States. Transitional furniture is intended to fill a place between Traditional and Modern tastes.
Asian history
Asian furniture has a quite distinct history. The term Asian furniture or sometimes referred to Oriental furniture is a type of furniture that is originated from Asia continent The traditions out of China, India, and Japan are some of the best known, but places such as Korea, Mongolia, and the countries of South East Asia have unique facets of their own. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East
Traditional Japanese furniture is well known for its minimalist style, extensive use of wood, high-quality craftsmanship and reliance on wood grain instead of painting or thick lacquer. Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design especially Visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features Japanese chests are known as Tansu, and are some of the most sought-after of Japanese antiques. Tansu is the word for Chest, Chest of drawers or Cupboard in Japanese The antiques available generally date back to the Tokugawa era. The, also referred to as the Tokugawa period (徳川時代 Tokugawa-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868
Chinese furniture is traditionally better known for more ornate pieces. China is one of the longest standing major civilizations in the world today The use of uncarved wood and bamboo and the use of heavy lacquers are well known Chinese styles. It is worth noting that China has an incredibly rich and diverse history, and architecture, religion, furniture and culture in general can vary widely from one dynasty to the next.
External links
- Le Garde-meuble, ancien et moderne (1841 -1851) Digital Exhibition of an influential French furniture magazine. Smithsonian Institution Libraries
- Images of furniture design available from the Visual Arts Data Service (VADS) - including images from the Frederick Parker Chair Collection, Design Council Archives, and the Design Council Slide Collection.
- How to Move Heavy Furniture - wikiHow.
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