Fumigation is a method of pest control that completely fills an area with gaseous pesticides to suffocate or poison the pests within. Pest control refers to the regulation or management of a Species defined as a pest, usually because it is perceived to be detrimental to a person's Health A pesticide is a substance or mixture of substances used to kill a pest. In the context of Biology, poisons are substances that can cause damage, Illness, or Death to Organisms usually by It is utilized for control of pests in buildings (structural fumigation), soil, grain, and produce, and is also used during processing of goods to be imported or exported to prevent transfer of exotic organisms. An introduced species (also known as naturalized species or exotic species) is an Organism that is not indigenous to a given location but Structural fumigating techniques differ from building to building, but in houses a rubber tent is often placed over the entire house while the pesticides are being released into the residence. In Architecture, Construction, Engineering and real estate development the word building may refer to one of the following Any man-made A tent is a shelter consisting of sheets of fabric or other material draped over or attached to a frame of poles or attached to a supporting rope This concentrates the gases and prevents them from escaping and doing harm to people in the neighborhood. In Chemistry, concentration is the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance This page is about the physical properties of gas as a state of matter A neighbourhood or neighborhood (see spelling differences) is a geographically localised Community within a larger City, Town or During this time the residents of the house must find an alternate residence for up to a week depending on the fumigant used, which in turn depend on the severity of infestation and size of the house. A week (also called sennight or sevennight) is a unit of Time longer than a Day and shorter than a Month.

Methyl bromide was among the most widely used fumigants until its production and use was restricted by the Montreal Protocol due to its role in ozone depletion. The Chemical compound bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organic Halogen compound with formula C[[Hydrogen For other similarly-named agreements see Montreal Convention (disambiguation. Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related observations a slow steady decline of about 4 percent per decade in the total amount of Ozone in Earth's

Widely used fumigants include:

• phosphine
• 1,3-dichloropropene
• chloropicrin
• methyl isocyanate
• hydrogen cyanide
• sulfuryl fluoride
• formaldehyde

Fumigation is a hazardous operation, and generally it is a legal requirement that the operator carrying out the fumigation operation holds official certification to perform the fumigation. Phosphine is the common name for phosphorus hydride (PH3 also known by the IUPAC name phosphane and occasionally phosphamine. Chloropicrin is a slightly oily colorless or faintly yellow liquid of the formula CCl3NO2 Methyl isocyanate (MIC is an organic compound with the molecular formula C2H3NO arranged as H3C-N=C=O Hydrogen cyanide is a Chemical compound with Chemical formula HCN Sulfuryl fluoride is the Chemical compound with the formula SO2F2 Formaldehyde is a Chemical compound with the formula H2CO It is the simplest Aldehyde —an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl Fumigation usually involves the following phases. First the area to be fumigated is usually covered to create a sealed environment; next the fumigant is released into the space to be fumigated; then, the space is held for a set period while the fumigant gas percolates through the space and acts on and kills any infestation in the product, next the space is ventilated so that the poisonous gases are allowed to escape from the space, and render it safe for humans to enter. The correct ventilation of the area is a critical safety aspect of fumigation. It is important to distinguish between the pack or source of the fumigant gas and the environment which has been fumigated. While the fumigant pack may be safe and spent, the space will still hold the fumigant gas until it has been ventilated.

See also

• ISPM 15

Early publication

• W. ISPM 15 is an International Phytosanitary Measure developed by the IPPC that directly addresses the need to treat wood materials of a thickness greater than 6mm used G. Johnson, Fumigation Methods (New York, 1902)

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