Fumaroles escape through Fourpeaked Glacier covering Fourpeaked Volcano in Alaska on September 24, 2006

A fumarole (Latin fumus, smoke) is an opening in Earth's (or any other astronomical body's) crust, often in the neighborhood of volcanoes, which emits steam and gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, and hydrogen sulfide. Fourpeaked Glacier is a Tidewater glacier covering much of Fourpeaked Mountain, also known as Fourpeaked Volcano. Fourpeaked Mountain also known as Fourpeaked volcano is an active Stratovolcano in Alaska Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Smoke is the collection of airborne solid and liquid Particulates and Gases ref> ''Smoke Production and Properties'' - SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 s are significant physical entities, associations or structures which current Science has confirmed to exist in Space. In Geology, a crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet or moon Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Uses A Steam engine uses the expansion of steam in order to drive a Piston or Turbine to perform Mechanical work. This page is about the physical properties of gas as a state of matter Carbon dioxide ( Chemical formula:) is a Chemical compound composed of two Oxygen Atoms covalently bonded to a single Hydrochloric acid is the Solution of Hydrogen chloride ( H[[Chlorine Cl]] in water Hydrogen sulfide (or hydrogen sulphide) is the Chemical compound with the formula H 2 S. The name solfatara, from the Italian solfo, sulfur (via the Sicilian dialect), is given to fumaroles that emit sulfurous gases. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Sicily ( Italian and Sicilian: Sicilia) is an autonomous region of Italy. A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος dialektos) is a variety of a Language that is characteristic of a particular group of Sulfur or sulphur (ˈsʌlfɚ see spelling below) is the Chemical element that has the Atomic number 16

Fumaroles may occur along tiny cracks or long fissures, in chaotic clusters or fields, and on the surfaces of lava flows and thick deposits of pyroclastic flows. Lava is molten rock expelled by a Volcano during an eruption When first expelled from a volcanic vent it is a Liquid at Temperatures A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current) is a common and devastating result of some volcanic eruptions. A fumarole field is an area of thermal springs and gas vents where magma or hot igneous rocks at shallow depth are releasing gases or interacting with groundwater. A hot spring is a spring that is produced by the emergence of geothermally heated Groundwater from the earth's crust. Magma (Plurals magmas and magmata) is molten rock that sometimes forms beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other Terrestrial planet Igneous rocks (etymology from Latin ignis, fire are rocks formed by solidification of cooled Magma (molten rock Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations From the perspective of groundwater, fumaroles could be described as a hot spring that boils off all its water before the water reaches the surface.

A fumarole at Halema`uma`u crater

A good example of fumarole activity on Earth is the famous Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, which was formed during the 1912 eruption of Novarupta in Alaska. Halemaumau crater is a Pit crater located within the much larger summit caldera, of Kīlauea, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is a Valley within Katmai National Park and Preserve in Alaska which is filled with ash flow from the Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Novarupta, meaning "new eruption" is a Volcano located on the Alaska Peninsula in the Katmai, about southwest of Anchorage. Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent Initially, there were thousands of fumaroles in the cooling ash from the eruption, but over time most of them have become extinct. Volcanic ash consists of small Tephra, which are bits of pulverized rock and glass created by volcanic eruptions less than in diameter Fumaroles may persist for decades or centuries if they are above a persistent heat source, or disappear within weeks to months if they occur atop a fresh volcanic deposit that quickly cools. There are also an estimated four thousand fumaroles within the boundaries of Yellowstone National Park.

Another example is an array of fumaroles in the Valley of Desolation in Morne Trois Pitons National Park in Dominica. Morne Trois Pitons National Park is a World Heritage Site (since 1997 located in Dominica. The Commonwealth of Dominica, commonly known as Dominica, is an Island nation in the Caribbean Sea.

Sulfurous fumaroles, Whakaari/White Island, New Zealand

Sulfur deposits near a fumarole

Fumarole at Rincón de la Vieja Volcano National Park, Costa Rica

Sampling gases at a fumarole on Mount Baker in Washington, USA. Rincón de la Vieja Volcano National Park, in Spanish es '''Parque Nacional Volcán Rincón de la Vieja''' part of the Guanacaste Conservation Area and the {{lang|es|Area Mount Baker (elevation) is an active glaciated andesitic Stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the Cascades of Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

See also

• Mudpot
• Mud volcano
• Mofetta

References

• USGS Photo Glossary: Fumarole