| Bladder wrack | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||
| Fucus vesiculosus L. |
Fucus vesiculosus, known by the common name Bladder wrack, is a seaweed found on the coasts of the North Sea, the western Baltic Sea, and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, also known by the common names black tang, rockweed, bladder Fucus, sea oak, black tany, cut weed and rock wrack. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Seaweed is a loose colloquial term encompassing macroscopic Multicellular, benthic marine Algae. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions It was the original source of iodine, discovered in 1811, and was used extensively to treat goitre, a swelling of the thyroid gland related to iodine deficiency. Iodine (ˈaɪədaɪn ˈaɪədɪn or /ˈaɪədiːn/ from ιώδης iodes "violet" is a Chemical element that has the symbol I and Atomic Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year A goitre ( BrE) or goiter ( AmE) ( Latin struma) also called a bronchocele, is a swelling in the neck (just below the The thyroid is one of the largest Endocrine glands in the body Iodine is an essential Trace element; the Thyroid hormones Thyroxine and Triiodotyronine contain iodine In the 1860s, it was claimed that bladder wrack, as a thyroid stimulant, could counter obesity by increasing the metabolic rate and, since then, it has been featured in numerous weight-loss remedies. Stimulant drugs are Drugs that temporarily increase alertness and awareness Obesity is a condition in which excess Body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be negatively affected Basal metabolic rate ( BMR) is the amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally temperate environment in the post-absorptive state (meaning that the digestive system Weight loss, in the context of Medicine or Health or Physical fitness, is a reduction of the total Body weight, due to a mean loss of fluid
Contents |
Distribution
The species is common especially on sheltered shores from the middle littoral to lower intertidal levels. [1] It is rare on exposed shores where any specimens may be short, stunted and without the air vesicles. [2]
Fucus vesiculosus is one of the most common algae on the shores of the British Isles. The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan [3] It is recorded from the Atlantic shores of Europe, the Baltic Sea, Greenland, Azores, Canary Islands and Madeira. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat meaning "Land of the Greenlanders" Grønland is a self-governing Danish Province located between the The Azores ( Açores ɐˈsoɾɨʃ or) is a Portuguese Archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1500 km (950 mi) from The Canary Islands ( English pronunciation kəˈnæriː ˈaɪləndz Spanish: Islas Canarias, ˈizlas kaˈnarjas are a Spanish History See also History of Madeira Pre-Portuguese times Pliny mentions certain Purple Islands the position of which with reference to the [4] On the Atlantic coast of North America from Ellesmere Island, Hudson Bay to North Carolina. Ellesmere Island is part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States [1]
Description
Fucus vesiculosus is a very variable alga. It can grow to 100 cm or more and is easily recognised by the small gas–filled vesicles which occur in pairs one on either side of a central midrib running along the centre of the strap-like frond. A centimetre ( American spelling: centimeter, symbol cm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one hundredth Ascophyllum nodosum also has air vesicles, but rather than being paired, they are arranged in series along a frond which is not flattened and without a midrib. Ascophyllum nodosum is a large common Brown alga, in the Class Phaeophyceae. Both are common species on many shores of the British Isles. The British Isles (Irish variously Na hOileáin Bhriotanacha, Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa, Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór; Ellanyn Goaldagh Eileanan
The large brown algae have similar life cycles. At maturity the reproductive bodies form in conceptacles sunken in receptacles produced towards the tips on the branches. In these conceptacles oogonia and antheridia are produced and after meiosis they are released. An oogonium (plural oogonia) is an Immature ovum. It is a female Gametogonium. An antheridium (plural antheridia) is a Haploid structure or organ producing and containing male Gametes (called antherozoids or Sperm In Biology or life science meiosis (pronounced my-oh-sis is a process of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half After fertilisation, the zygote develops, settles and grows to form the diploid sporophyte plant. For soil improvement see Fertilization (soil. For other meanings see Zygote (disambiguation. A zygote (from Greek ζυγωτός zugōtos "joined" or "yoked" "Haplo" redirects here For the fictional character see The Death Gate Cycle. All land plants and some Algae, have life cycles in which a haploid Gametophyte generation alternates with a Diploid sporophyte, the generation of a
The large vegetative phase is diploid and gametophytic. In Plants and Algae that undergo Alternation of generations, a gametophyte is the multicellular structure or phase that is Haploid, containing Meiosis occurs during the formation of the gametes. A gamete (from Ancient Greek γαμέτης; translated gamete = wife gametes = husband is a cell that fuses with another gamete The egg cells are formed on the female plants in conceptacles embedded in receptacles. In most Birds and Reptiles an egg ( Latin ovum) is the Zygote, resulting from Fertilization of the Ovum. In Phycology, conceptacles are specialised cavities of Seaweeds that contain the reproductive organs The spermatozoids and egg cells are extruded from the conceptacles. Once fertilised, the zygote settles and grows to form the new diploid gametophyte. [5]
Consumption
A common food in Japan, bladder wrack is used as an additive and flavouring in various food products in Europe. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Bladder wrack is commonly found as a component of kelp tablets or powders used as nutritional supplements. It is sometimes loosely called "kelp", but that term technically refers to a different seaweed. Kelp are large Seaweeds ( Algae) belonging to the Brown algae and classified in the order Laminariales
Primary chemical constituents of this plant include mucilage, algin, mannitol, beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, iodine, bromine, potassium, volatile oils, and many other minerals. Mucilage is a gooey polar Glycoprotein; an exopolysaccharide; a Polymer produced by most plants and some microorganisms Alginic acid ( algin, alginate) is a viscous gum that is abundant in the cell walls of Brown algae. Mannitol or hexan-123456-hexol (C6H8(OH6 is a Polyol that is used as an osmotic Diuretic agent and a Beta-carotene is an Organic compound - a Terpenoid, a red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits Zeaxanthin is one of the two Carotenoids contained within the Retina of the Eye. Iodine (ˈaɪədaɪn ˈaɪədɪn or /ˈaɪədiːn/ from ιώδης iodes "violet" is a Chemical element that has the symbol I and Atomic Potassium (pəˈtæsiəm is a Chemical element. It has the symbol K (kalium from qalīy Atomic number 19 and Atomic mass 39 A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific The main use of bladder wrack (and other types of seaweed) in herbal medicine is as a source of iodine, an essential nutrient for the thyroid gland. Herbalism is a traditional Medicinal or Folk medicine practice based on the use of Plants and Plant extracts Herbalism is also known as Bladder wrack has proved most useful in the treatment of underactive thyroid glands (hypothyroidism) and goitre. [6] }} Through the regulation of thyroid function, there is an improvement in all the associated symptoms. Though there are no scientific studies that would show a result, or lack therof; where obesity is associated with thyroid trouble, this herb may be helpful in reducing the excess weight. Though no studies have been done to confirm these kinds of claims since a healthy diet and proper exercise are the best methods of losing weight. It has a reputation in helping the relief of rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis, both used internally and as an external application upon inflamed joints. Rheumatism or Rheumatic disorder is a non-specific term for medical problems affecting the Heart, Bones Joints Kidney, Skin Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that causes the Immune system to attack the Joints, where A chemical constituent of bladder wrack called alginic acid swells upon contact with water; when taken orally, it forms a type of "seal" at the top of the stomach, and for this reason is used in several over-the-counter preparations for heartburn. Alginic acid ( algin, alginate) is a viscous gum that is abundant in the cell walls of Brown algae. Heartburn or pyrosis is a painful or burning sensation in the Esophagus, just below the breastbone usually associated with regurgitation of gastric acid The same constituent gives bladder wrack laxative properties as well. Laxatives (or purgatives) are foods compounds or drugs taken to induce bowel movements or to loosen the stool most often taken to treat Constipation. Other proposed uses of bladder wrack include treating atherosclerosis and strengthening immunity, although there is no scientific evidence at present that it works for these purposes. Atherosclerosis is a Disease affecting arterial Blood vessels It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries in large part due to the accumulation Immunity is a material term that describes a state of having sufficient biological defenses to avoid Infection, Disease, or other unwanted biological invasion
Bladder wrack should not be used in cases of hyperthyroidism or cardiac problems, or during pregnancy and lactation. Hyperthyroidism is the term for overactive tissue within the Thyroid gland resulting in overproduction and thus an excess of circulating free thyroid hormones Thyroxine Pregnancy ( Latin graviditas) is the carrying of one or more offspring known as a Fetus or Embryo, inside the Uterus of a Female Lactation describes the secretion of Milk from the Mammary glands the process of providing that milk to the young and the period of time that a Mother Excessive dosage (many times the recommended dosage) may lead to hyperthyroidism, tremor, increased pulse rate and elevated blood pressure. Tremor is an unintentional somewhat rhythmic muscle movement involving to-and-from movements (oscillations of one or more parts of the body In Medicine, a person's pulse is the throbbing of their arteries. Blood pressure is also the title of a short story by Damon Runyan in Guys and Dolls and Other Stories
References
- ^ a b W. R. Taylor (1957). Marine Algae of the Northeastern Coast of North America. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan Ann Arbor ( U of M, U-M, UM or simply Michigan) is a top-ranked Coeducational public research ISBN 0-472-04904-6.
- ^ C. S. Lobban & P. J. Harrison (1994). Seaweed Ecology and Physiology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 ISBN 0-521-40897-0.
- ^ F. G. Hardy & M. D. Guiry (2003). A Check-list and Atlas of the Seaweeds of Britain and Ireland. British Phycological Society, London. ISBN 0-9527115-1-6.
- ^ M. D. Guiry & Wendy Guiry (2007-01-12). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Fucus vesiculosus Linnaeus. AlgaeBase. AlgaeBase is a global Species Database of information on all groups of Algae as well as one group of Flowering plants the sea-grasses
- ^ C. van den Hoek, D. G. Mann & H. M. Jhans (1995). Algae An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Cambridge University Press (known colloquially as CUP is a Publisher given a Royal Charter by Henry VIII in 1534 ISBN 0-521-30419-9.
- ^ Bradley, PR (1992). British Herbal Compendium, Vol. 1. British Herbal Medicine Association. ISBN 0-903032-09-0.
External links
- F. Bunker. Fucus vesiculosus Linneaus Le Jolis. British Isles Seaweed Images. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic