| Frederick William II | |
| King of Prussia, Elector of Brandenburg | |
 Portait by Anton Graff (1792) | |
| Reign | 1786 - 1797 |
|---|---|
| Titles | Frederick William II of Prussia Frederick William III of Brandenburg |
| Born | September 25, 1744 |
| Birthplace | Berlin, Prussia |
| Died | November 16, 1797 (aged 53) |
| Place of death | Potsdam |
| Buried | Berliner Dom |
| Predecessor | Frederick II |
| Successor | Frederick William III |
| Consort | i) Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg ii) Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Issue | Princess Frederica Charlotte Prince Frederick William Prince Louis Princess Wilhelmine Princess Augusta Prince Charles Prince Wilhelm |
| Royal House | House of Hohenzollern |
| Father | Prince Augustus William |
| Mother | Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
Frederick William II (German: Friedrich Wilhelm II; September 25, 1744–November 16, 1797) was the fourth King of Prussia, reigning from 1786 until his death. This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire Anton Graff ( November 18, 1736 &ndash June 22, 1813) was an eminent Swiss portrait artist Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France Year 1744 ( MDCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Also see Potsdam New York (in the USA For the Potsdam Conference see Potsdam Conference. Berlin Cathedral ( German: Berliner Dom) is an Evangelical Church in Germany Cathedral in Berlin, Germany. Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolffenbüttel 8 November, 1746 - Stettin 18 February, 1840) was the Crown Princess of Prussia Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ( October 16, 1751 &ndash February 25, 1805) was Queen consort of the Kingdom of Prussia Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia (Frederica Charlotte Ulrika Katherine 7 May 1767 &ndash 6 August 1820) was the only daughter of Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Prince Louis Charles of Prussia (Friedrich Ludwig Karl von Preußen (born Potsdam, 5 November 1773; died Berlin, 28 December Queen Wilhelmine of the Netherlands, born Princess of Prussia (full names in Dutch Frederica Louisa Wilhelmina full names in German Friederike Luise Wilhelmine ( Princess Augusta of Prussia (Auguste Christine Friederike Prinzessen von Preußen (born Potsdam, 1 May 1780; died Kassel, 19 February Marriage and Issue He married Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar on May 26, 1827 in Charlottenburg. Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783&ndash1851 was the son of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt. For the son of Emperor William II see Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia (1887-1949 Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1722 &ndash 1780 was daughter of Ferdinand Albert II Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Events 303 - On a voyage preaching the Gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France Year 1744 ( MDCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising
Contents |
Biography
Frederick William was son of Prince Augustus William of Prussia (the second son of King Frederick William I of Prussia) and of Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg. For the son of Emperor William II see Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia (1887-1949 Frederick William I (Friedrich Wilhelm I ( August 14, 1688 &ndash May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1722 &ndash 1780 was daughter of Ferdinand Albert II Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. His mother's elder sister, Elisabeth, was the wife of Augustus William's brother King Frederick II ("Frederick the Great"). Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Bevern, Queen of Prussia ( November 8 1715, Wolfenbüttel &ndash January 13 1797) was Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the He was born in Berlin and became heir to the throne of Prussia on his father's death in 1758, since Frederick II had no children. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state The boy was of an easy-going and pleasure-loving disposition, averse to sustained effort of any kind, and sensual by nature.
His marriage with Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg, daughter of Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, contracted July 14, 1765 in Charlottenburg, was dissolved in 1769. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolffenbüttel 8 November, 1746 - Stettin 18 February, 1840) was the Crown Princess of Prussia Charles (German Karl; 1 August 1713, Brunswick &ndash 26 March 1780, Brunswick Duke of Brunswick-Bevern Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 1765 ( MDCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Charlottenburg is a locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, named after Queen Sophia Charlotte (1668-1705 He married Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, daughter of Ludwig IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt on July 14, 1769 also in Charlottenburg. Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt ( October 16, 1751 &ndash February 25, 1805) was Queen consort of the Kingdom of Prussia Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt ( German: Ludwig) ( December 15, 1719 &ndash May 13, 1790) was the Landgrave of Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Although he had a numerous family by his wife, he was completely under the influence of his mistress, Wilhelmine Enke, afterwards created Countess Lichtenau, a woman of strong intellect and much ambition.
Frederick William before the corpulence of his middle age was a man of singularly handsome presence, not without mental qualities of a high order; he was devoted to the arts—Beethoven and Mozart enjoyed his patronage, and his private orchestra had a Europe-wide reputation. Ludwig van Beethoven ( English ˈlʊdvɪg væn ˈbeɪtoʊvən, 16 December 1770 &ndash 26 March 1827 was a German Composer and Pianist. But an artistic temperament was hardly that was required of a king of Prussia on the eve of the French Revolution; and Frederick the Great, who had employed him in various services—notably in an abortive confidential mission to the court of Russia in 1780—openly expressed his misgivings as to the character of the prince and his surroundings. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an
The misgivings appear justified by the event. Frederick William's accession to the throne (17 August 1786) was, indeed, followed by a series of measures for lightening the burdens of the people, reforming the oppressive French system of tax-collecting introduced by Frederick, and encouraging trade by the diminution of customs dues and the making of roads and canals. Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This gave the new king much popularity with the masses; while the educated classes were pleased by his removal of Frederick's ban on the German language, by the admission of German writers to the Prussian Academy, and by the active encouragement given to schools and universities. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
But these reforms were vitiated in their source. In 1781 Frederick William, then prince of Prussia, inclined to mysticism, had joined the Rosicrucians, and had fallen under the influence of Johann Christof Wöllner (1732 - 1800), and by him the royal policy was inspired. Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity The term Rosicrucian (symbol the Rose Cross) describes a secret society of mystics allegedly formed in late mediaeval Germany, holding a doctrine "built on Wöllner, whom Frederick the Great had described as a "treacherous and intriguing priest," had started life as a poor tutor in the family of General von Itzenplitz, a noble of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, had, after the general's death and to the scandal of king and nobility, married the general's daughter, and with his mother-in-law's assistance settled down on a small estate. The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg was a major Principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 By his practical experiments and by his writings he gained a considerable reputation as an economist; but his ambition was not content with this, and he sought to extend his influence by joining first the Freemasons and afterwards the Rosicrucians. An economist is an expert in the Social science of Economics. Wöllner, with his impressive personality and easy if superficial eloquence, was just the man to lead a movement of this kind. Under his influence the order spread rapidly, and he soon found himself the supreme director (Oberhauptdirektor) of several circles, which included in their membership princes, officers and high officials. As a Rosicrucian Wöllner dabbled in alchemy and other mystic arts, but he also affected to be zealous for Christian orthodoxy, imperilled by Frederick II's patronage of "Enlightenment", and a few months before Frederick's death wrote to his friend the Rosicrucian Johann Rudolph von Bischoffswerder (1741 - 1803) that his highest ambition was to be placed at the head of the religious department of the state as an unworthy instrument in the hand of Ormesus (the prince of Prussia's Rosicrucian name) "for the purpose of saving millions of souls from perdition and bringing back the whole country to the faith of Jesus Christ. Alchemy a part of the Occult Tradition is both a philosophy and a practice with an ultimately unknown aim involving the improvement of the alchemist as well as the making of A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth The word orthodox, from Greek orthodoxos "having the right opinion" from orthos ("right true straight" + doxa ("opinion The Age of Enlightenment or The Enlightenment is a term used to describe a phase in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the eighteenth century "
Such was the man whom Frederick William II, immediately after his accession, called to his counsels. On 26 August 1786 Wöllner was appointed privy councillor for finance (Geheimer Oberfinanzrath), and on 2 October 1786 was ennobled. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1187 - Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Though not in name, in fact he was prime minister; in all internal affairs it was he who decided; and the fiscal and economic reforms of the new reign were the application of his theories. Bischoffswerder, too, still a simple major, was called into the king's counsels; by 1789 he was already an adjutant-general. These were the two men who enmeshed the king in a web of Rosicrucian mystery and intrigue, which hampered whatever healthy development of his policy might have been possible, and led ultimately to disaster. The opposition to Wöllner was, indeed, at the outset strong enough to prevent his being entrusted with the department of religion; but this too in time was overcome, and on 3 July 1788 he was appointed active privy councillor of state and of justice and head of the spiritual department for Lutheran and Catholic affairs. Events 324 - Battle of Adrianople Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther
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War was at once declared on what later times would have called the "modernists". Biography Born in Königsberg, he was the third son of Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg by his father's first marriage to Louise Henriette Frederick William I (Friedrich Wilhelm I ( August 14, 1688 &ndash May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King Frederick William I (Friedrich Wilhelm I ( August 14, 1688 &ndash May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine (also spelt Wilhelmina', Princess of Prussia and Margravine of Bayreuth ( July 3, 1709 - October Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the Princess Friederike Luise of Prussia ( German: Friederike Luise von Preußen) (born Berlin, 29 August 1714; died Schwaningen Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia (Philippine Charlotte von Preußen (born Berlin, 13 March 1716; died Brunswick, 17 February Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia (Sophia Dorothea Marie von Preußen (born Berlin, 25 January 1719; died Schwedt, 13 November Louisa Ulrika of Prussia ( Swedish: Lovisa Ulrika; German: Luise Ulrike) (1720&mdash1782 was a Swedish Queen Queen consort of Sweden For the son of Emperor William II see Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia (1887-1949 Princess Anna Amalia of Prussia ( November 9, 1723 &ndash March 30, 1787) was one of eight surviving children of Friedrich Wilhelm For the brother of Emperor William II see Prince Heinrich of Prussia (1862-1929 Prince August Ferdinand of Prussia (August Ferdinand von Preußen 23 May 1730, Berlin &ndash 2 May 1813, Berlin was a Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Prince Louis Charles of Prussia (Friedrich Ludwig Karl von Preußen (born Potsdam, 5 November 1773; died Berlin, 28 December Queen Wilhelmine of the Netherlands, born Princess of Prussia (full names in Dutch Frederica Louisa Wilhelmina full names in German Friederike Luise Wilhelmine ( Princess Augusta of Prussia (Auguste Christine Friederike Prinzessen von Preußen (born Potsdam, 1 May 1780; died Kassel, 19 February Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783&ndash1851 was the son of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt. Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Life Frederick William was educated by private tutors many of whom were experienced civil servants such as Friedrich Ancillon. Alexandra Feodorovna, born Charlotte Princess of Prussia, ( July 13, 1798 &ndash November 1, 1860) was Empress consort of Princess Alexandrine of Prussia ( 23 February[[ 803]]&ndash 21 April[[ 892]] Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin was the daughter of Frederick William III of Marriage and Issue He married Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar on May 26, 1827 in Charlottenburg. Princess Louise of Prussia (Luise Auguste Wilhelmine Amalie von Preußen (born Königsberg, 1 February 1808; died Wassenaar, The Netherlands Life Frederick William was educated by private tutors many of whom were experienced civil servants such as Friedrich Ancillon. The king, so long as Wöllner was content to condone his immorality (which Bischoffswerder, to do him justice, condemned), was eager to help the orthodox crusade. On 9 July 1788 was issued the famous religious edict, which forbade Evangelical ministers to teach anything not contained in the letter of their official books, proclaimed the necessity of protecting the Christian religion against the "enlighteners" (Aufklärer), and placed educational establishments under the supervision of the orthodox clergy. Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Evangelicalism is a theological movement tradition and system of beliefs most closely associated with Protestant Christianity, which identifies with the Gospel A religion is a set of Tenets and practices often centered upon specific Supernatural and moral claims about Reality, the Cosmos Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given Religion. On 18 December 1788 a new censorship law was issued, to secure the orthodoxy of all published books; and finally, in 1791, a sort of Protestant Inquisition was established at Berlin (Immediate-Examinationscommission) to watch over all ecclesiastical and scholastic appointments. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap The term Inquisition can refer to any one of several institutions charged with trying and convicting heretics within the Roman Catholic Church and
In his zeal for orthodoxy, indeed, Frederick William outstripped his minister; he even blamed Wöllner's "idleness and vanity" for the inevitable failure of the attempt to regulate opinion from above, and in 1794 deprived him of one of his secular offices in order that he might have more time "to devote himself to the things of God"; in edict after edict the king continued to the end of his reign to make regulations "in order to maintain in his states a true and active Christianity, as the path to genuine fear of God. "
The effects of this policy of blind obscurantism far outweighed any good that resulted from the king's well-meant efforts at economic and financial reform; and even this reform was but spasmodic and partial, and awoke ultimately more discontent than it allayed.
But far more fateful for Prussia was the king's attitude towards the army and foreign policy. The army was the very foundation of the Prussian state, a truth which both Frederick William I and the great Frederick had fully realised; the army had been their first care, and its efficiency had been maintained by their constant personal supervision. Frederick William, who had no taste for military matters, put his authority as "Warlord" (Kriegsherr) into commission under a supreme college of war (Oberkriegs-Collegium) under the Duke of Brunswick and General Wichard Joachim Heinrich von Möllendorf. A warlord is a person with power who has military control over a subnational area due to Armed forces loyal to the warlord and not to a central authority Charles William Ferdinand Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel-Bevern ( Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand Herzog zu Braunschweig-Lüneburg Fürst von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern Wichard Joachim Heinrich von Möllendorf ( 7 January 1724 &ndash 28 January 1816) was a Generalfeldmarschall of the Kingdom It was the beginning of the process that ended in 1806 at the Battle of Jena. The twin battles of Jena and Auerstedt (older name Auerstädt were fought on October 14, 1806 on the plateau west of the river Saale
In the circumstances, Frederick William's intervention in European affairs was not likely to prove of benefit to Prussia. The Dutch campaign of 1787, entered into for purely family reasons, was indeed successful; but Prussia received not even the cost of her intervention. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands An attempt to intervene in the war of Russia and Austria against the Ottoman Empire failed of its object; Prussia did not succeed in obtaining any concessions of territory from the alarms of the allies, and the dismissal of Hertzberg (5 July 1791) marked the final abandonment of the anti-Austrian tradition of Frederick the Great. The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Ewald Friedrich Graf von Hertzberg ( 2 September 1725 &ndash May 22, 1795) was a Prussian Statesman. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Revolution
Meanwhile, the French Revolution had entered upon alarming phases, and in August 1791 Frederick William, at the meeting at Pillnitz, arranged with Emperor Leopold II to join in supporting the cause of King Louis XVI of France. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an Pillnitz is a city quarter in the east of Dresden, Germany The best known sight of this quarter is the Japanese-styled Chateau. Leopold II (May 5 1747 March 1 1792 born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792 and Grand Duke Louis XVI ( 23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) Louis-Auguste de France, ruled as King of France and Navarre But neither the king's character, nor the confusion of the Prussian finances due to his extravagance, gave promise of any effective action. A formal alliance was indeed signed on 7 February 1792, and Frederick William took part personally in the campaigns of 1792 and 1793. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year He was hampered, however, by want of funds, and his counsels were distracted by the affairs of Poland, which promised a richer booty than was likely to be gained by the anti-revolutionary crusade into France. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, officially the Commonwealth of the Crown of the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania also known as the Most Serene Republic A subsidy treaty with the sea powers (19 April 1794) filled his coffers; but the insurrection in Poland that followed the partition of 1793, and the threat of the isolated intervention of Russia, hurried him into the separate Treaty of Basel with the French Republic (5 April 1795), which was regarded by the great monarchies as a betrayal, and left Prussia morally isolated in Europe on the eve of the titanic struggle between the monarchical principle and the new political creed of the Revolution. In Economics, a subsidy (also known as a subvention is a form of financial assistance paid to a business or economic sector Events 1012 - Martyrdom of Alphege in Greenwich London. 1529 - At the Second Diet of Speyer Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the See Treaty of Basel for the 1499 treaty The Peace of Basel of 1795 consists of three peace treaties involving Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A creed is a statement of Belief — usually Religious belief — or Faith often recited as part of a religious service
Prussia had paid a heavy price for the territories acquired at the expense of Poland in 1793 and 1795, and when, on 16 November 1797, Frederick William died, he left the state in bankruptcy and confusion, the army decayed and the monarchy discredited. Events 534 - A second and final revision of the Codex Justinianus is published Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He was succeeded by his son, Frederick William III. Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended
Ancestry
| 16. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (1620-1688) | ||||||||||||||||
| 8. Frederick William (Friedrich Wilhelm February 16 1620 &ndash April 29 1688) was the Elector of Brandenburg and the Frederick I of Prussia (1657-1713) | ||||||||||||||||
| 17. Biography Born in Königsberg, he was the third son of Frederick William Elector of Brandenburg by his father's first marriage to Louise Henriette Luise Henriette of Nassau (1627-1667) | ||||||||||||||||
| 4. Louise Henrietta of Nassau (Louise Henriëtte van Nassau Luise Henriette von Nassau The Hague, December 7 1627 &ndash Berlin, Frederick William I of Prussia (1688-1740) | ||||||||||||||||
| 18. Frederick William I (Friedrich Wilhelm I ( August 14, 1688 &ndash May 31, 1740) of the House of Hohenzollern, was the King Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover (1629-1698) (=10) | ||||||||||||||||
| 9. Ernest Augustus ( German: Ernst August; Latin: Ernestus Augustus; 20 November 1629 – 23 January 1698 Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (1668-1705) | ||||||||||||||||
| 19. Sophia Charlotte of Hanover ( 30 October 1668, at Schloss Iburg in Bad Iburg near Osnabrück &ndash 1 February 1705 Sophia of the Palatinate (1630-1714) (=10) | ||||||||||||||||
| 2. Electress Sophia of Hanover (born Sophia Countess Palatine of Simmern; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714) was the youngest daughter Prince Augustus William of Prussia (1722-1758) | ||||||||||||||||
| 20. For the son of Emperor William II see Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia (1887-1949 Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover (1629-1698) (=9) | ||||||||||||||||
| 10. Ernest Augustus ( German: Ernst August; Latin: Ernestus Augustus; 20 November 1629 – 23 January 1698 King George I of Great Britain (1660-1727) | ||||||||||||||||
| 21. A king is a male Monarch, or a Head of state, who may or may not depending on the style of government of a nation exercise monarchal powers over a territory usually George I (George Louis German Georg Ludwig; 28 May 1660 &ndash 11 June 1727 For the first year of his life George was the only heir to his father's and three childless Sophia of the Palatinate (1630-1714) (=9) | ||||||||||||||||
| 5. Electress Sophia of Hanover (born Sophia Countess Palatine of Simmern; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714) was the youngest daughter Sophia Dorothea of Hanover (1687-1757) | ||||||||||||||||
| 22. Sophia Dorothea of Hanover ( 16 March 1687 &ndash 28 June 1757) was a member of the British Royal Family, only daughter of George George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1624-1705) | ||||||||||||||||
| 11. George William ( German: Georg Wilhelm 26 January 1624 Herzberg am Harz &ndash 28 August 1705 Wienhausen) was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Sophia Dorothea of Celle (1666-1726) | ||||||||||||||||
| 23. Sophia Dorothea ( 15 September 1666 &ndash 13 November 1726) was the wife and cousin of George Louis Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg later Eleonore d'Esmier d'Olbreuse (1639-1722) | ||||||||||||||||
| 1. Eleonore d'Olbreuse ( Olbreuse near La Rochelle, January 3 1639 &ndash Celle, February 5 1722) was Countess Frederick William II of Prussia (1744-1797) | ||||||||||||||||
| 24. Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1579-1666) | ||||||||||||||||
| 12. Augustus ( 10 April 1579, Dannenberg &ndash 17 September 1666, Wolfenbüttel) called the Younger, was Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1636-1687) | ||||||||||||||||
| 25. Ferdinand Albert (German Ferdinand Albrecht; 22 May 1636, Brunswick &ndash 25 April 1687, Bevern) Duke of Sophie Elisabeth von Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1618-1676)[1] | ||||||||||||||||
| 6. Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1680-1735) | ||||||||||||||||
| 26. Ferdinand Albert (German Ferdinand Albrecht; 29 May 1680 &ndash 2 September 1735, Salzdahlum) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Friedrich Landgraf von Hessen-Eschewege (1617-1655)[2] | ||||||||||||||||
| 13. Christine von Hessen-Eschewege (1649-1702)[2] | ||||||||||||||||
| 27. Eleanor Catherine Pfalzgräfin von Zweibrücken (1626-1692)[2] | ||||||||||||||||
| 3. Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1722-1780) | ||||||||||||||||
| 28. Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1722 &ndash 1780 was daughter of Ferdinand Albert II Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1633-1714) | ||||||||||||||||
| 14. Anthony Ulrich (German Anton Ulrich; 4 October 1633, Hitzacker &ndash 27 March 1714, Salzdahlum) was duke Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1671-1735) | ||||||||||||||||
| 29. Louis Rudolph (German Ludwig Rudolf; 22 July 1671 &ndash 1 March 1735) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruled over the Elisabeth Juliana von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg in Norburg (1634-1704)[4] | ||||||||||||||||
| 7. Antoinette Amalie Prinzessin von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1696-1762)[3] | ||||||||||||||||
| 30. Albrecht Ernst I Prinz von Oettingen (1642-1683)[5] | ||||||||||||||||
| 15. Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen (1671-1747) | ||||||||||||||||
| 31. Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen ( Oettingen, March 20 1671 - Blankenberg September 3, 1747) was Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg Christine Friederike von Württemberg-Stuttgart (1644-1674)[5] | ||||||||||||||||
Posterity
Frederick William II had the following children:
- By Elizabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg:
- Frederica Charlotte (1767-1820), who became Duchess of York by her marriage to Frederick, Duke of York
- By Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt:
- Frederick William III of Prussia (1770-1840)
- Christine (1772-73)
- Louis (1773-96)
- Frederika Louisa Wilhelmina (1774-1837), wife of William of Orange, afterwards King William I of the Netherlands
- Augusta (1780-1841), wife of William II, Elector of Hesse
- Charles (1781-1846)
- William (1783-1851)
Besides his relations with his maitresse en titre, the countess Lichtenau, the king—who was a frank polygamist—contracted two "marriages of the left hand" with Fräulein von Voss and the Countess Dönhoff. Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia (Frederica Charlotte Ulrika Katherine 7 May 1767 &ndash 6 August 1820) was the only daughter of The Prince Frederick Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus 16 August 1763 – 5 January 1827) was a member of the Hanoverian Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended Prince Louis Charles of Prussia (Friedrich Ludwig Karl von Preußen (born Potsdam, 5 November 1773; died Berlin, 28 December Queen Wilhelmine of the Netherlands, born Princess of Prussia (full names in Dutch Frederica Louisa Wilhelmina full names in German Friederike Luise Wilhelmine ( William Frederick (William I, born Willem Frederik Prins van Oranje-Nassau ( The Hague, 24 August 1772 - Berlin, 12 December 1843 was a Prince of Princess Augusta of Prussia (Auguste Christine Friederike Prinzessen von Preußen (born Potsdam, 1 May 1780; died Kassel, 19 February William II Elector of Hesse ( German: Wilhelm II Kurfürst von Hessen) (born Hanau, 28 July 1777; died Frankfurt am Main Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783&ndash1851 was the son of Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt. A mistress is a man's long term female Sexual partner and companion who is not married to him especially used when the man is married to another woman
References
- ^ Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10674.htm#i106735>. Retrieved on 23 October 2007
- ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p298.htm#i2974>. Retrieved on 23 October 2007
- ^ Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p10934.htm#i109332>. Retrieved on 23 October 2007
- ^ Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p11209.htm#i112084>. Retrieved on 23 October 2007
- ^ a b Lundy, Darryl, thePeerage, <http://www.thepeerage.com/p11212.htm#i112114>. Retrieved on 23 October 2007
Frederick William II of Prussia Born: 25 September 1744 Died: 16 November 1797 | ||
| Preceded by Frederick II | King of Prussia 1786 — 1797 | Succeeded by Frederick William III of Prussia |
| Elector of Brandenburg as Frederick William III 1786 — 1797 | ||
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the A list of rulers of the former German state of Prussia, originally territories on the Baltic Sea which the Teutonic Knights had conquered from Poland and Lithuania Early life The son of King Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William was born in Potsdam and became Crown Prince in 1786 when his father ascended This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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