Francesco II Sforza (February 4, 1495 – October 24, 1535), also known as Francesco Maria Sforza[1], was the last Duke of Milan from 1521[2] until his death. Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat The following is a list of rulers of Milan from the 13th century to 1859 when Milan and the rest of Lombardy were incorporated into the Kingdom of
He was the son of Ludovico Sforza and Beatrice d'Este. Ludovico Sforza Duke of Milan ( Ludovico il Moro, "The Moor" July 27, 1452 &ndash May 27, 1508) a member Beatrice d'Este ( June 29 1475 &ndash January 2 1497) duchess of Milan, one of the most beautiful and accomplished princesses When Ludovico was ousted from Milan in the course of the Italian Wars, he brought Francesco with him to the court of the Emperor Maximilian I, who had married a Sforza, Francesco's cousin Bianca Maria. Bianca Maria Sforza ( April 5, 1472 &ndash December 31, 1510) was the daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, the Duke of Milan Francesco was assigned to an ecclesiastical career. His father was imprisoned and killed in 1508, but when Charles V conquered back Milan from the French (1525), Francesco was appointed its duke, the last of the family to hold that title. Charles V (24 February 1500 &ndash 21 September 1558 was
He returned to his state, depleted by twenty years of combat, promoting a cultural and economic recovery. In 1526 he adhered to the second Holy League with Francis I of France, Pope Clement VII and the Republic of Florence, and was besieged in the Castello Sforzesco
In 1533 he married Christina of Denmark, daughter of Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Burgundy. Francis I (September 12 1494 &ndash March 31 1547 was crowned King of France in 1515 in the cathedral at Reims and reigned until 1547 For the Antipope (1378&ndash1394 see Antipope Clement VII. Pope Clement VII ( May 26, 1478 &ndash September Roman origins Florence was founded in 59 BCE as a settlement for former soldiers and was named Florentia, allotted by Julius Caesar to his veterans in Castello Sforzesco ( English: Sforza Castle is a castle in Milan, Italy that now houses several of the city's museum and art gallery collections Christina of Denmark (1522 &ndash 1590 was firstly Duchess-consort of Milan and then Duchess-consort of Lorraine Christian II (1 July 1481 &ndash 25 January 1559 was a Danish monarch and King of Denmark, Norway (1513 &ndash 1523 and Sweden (1520 &ndash 1521 Isabella of Austria (also known as Isabella or Elisabeth of Burgundy, of Habsburg, or of Castile) ( 18 July 1501
He fought at the Battle of Bicocca, and joined the League of Cognac against Charles V. The Battle of Bicocca, sometimes known as the Battle of La Bicocca, was fought on April 27, 1522, during the Italian War of 1521–26. The War of the League of Cognac (1526–30 was fought between the Habsburg dominions of Charles V —primarily Spain and the Holy Roman Empire His childless death in 1535 sparked the Italian War of 1535. The Italian War of 1535 between Charles V and Francis I of France began with the death of Francesco Maria Sforza, the Duke of Milan. His brother Giovanni Paolo reclaimed briefly the Duchy of Milan after his death, but died in the same year under mysterious circumstances. Giovanni Paolo I Sforza (March 1497 - December 1535 was an Italian Condottiero, the first in the Sforza family line of the Marquesses of Caravaggio.
References
- Oman, Charles. Sir Charles William Chadwick Oman ( January 12 1860 &ndash June 23 1946) was a British military historian of the early A History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century. London: Methuen & Co. , 1937.
Footnotes
- ^ To distinguish him from the earlier Francesco Sforza. Francesco I Sforza ( July 23, 1401 - March 8, 1466) was an Italian Condottiero, the founder of the Sforza dynasty in
- ^ His possession of the Duchy was not finalized until the end of the Italian War of 1521, however. The Italian War of 1521–26, sometimes known as the Four Years' War, was a part of the Italian Wars.
| Preceded by Francis I of France |
Duke of Milan 1521–1535 |
Succeeded by Philip II of Spain |
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